Eilean Mòr, MacCormaig Isles

Eilean Mòr
Meaning of name Big isle

St Cormac's Chapel
Location
Eilean Mòr
Eilean Mòr shown within Argyll and Bute
OS grid reference NR666753
Physical geography
Island group MacCormaig Isles
Area 18 hectares (0.07 sq mi)[1]
Highest elevation 21 metres (69 ft)
Political geography
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Country Scotland
Council area Argyll and Bute

Eilean Mòr ("Big Isle") is one of the MacCormaig Isles situated near the entrance to Loch Sween in the Sound of Jura, Scotland.

Eilean Mòr is the largest of the MacCormaig Islands, and is a breeding ground for seabirds.[2] The island is the legendary retreat of the 7th-century Saint Cormac.[2] It has three ancient monuments on it in the care of Historic Scotland: a cave, a chapel and a cross.[3] The island was bequeathed to the Scottish National Party in 1978, and it has been managed since 2000 by a charitable trust.[4]

St Cormac's Cave

St Cormac's Cave is on the south end of the island.[3] The cave is around 3 metres long, 1 metre wide and 2 metres high, and contains two incised crosses on its east wall, dated by their style to around 700 AD.[3] Saint Cormac (or Cormaic, Carmaig, Charmaig) is an obscure figure; he lived at the beginning of the 7th century and he may have been a son of Cormac, King of Leinster.[5] He is the legendary founder of Keills Chapel 3.5 miles to the north on the Scottish mainland, and he is reputed to have used this cave as his hermitage.[3] The rough stone wall in front of the cave may have been a medieval structure to control pilgrim access to the cave.[3]

St Cormac's Chapel

Entrance to St Cormac's Cave
St Cormac's Cross and Chapel

The chapel is a rectangular building measuring 11.5 x 6 m externally.[6] It was built in the 13th century, and was altered in the 14th century, when John MacDonald, 1st Lord of the Isles had the chancel upgraded.[3] It was converted into a dwelling house around 1700, and used by a tenant of Macneil of Gillchoille, the island’s owner.[3] The chapel was surrounded by a burial ground, now mostly obliterated,[6] but the headless effigy of a medieval cleric can still be seen on the south side of the chancel.[6]

St Cormac's Cross

Beside the chapel stands St Cormac’s Cross, believed to date from the 10th-century.[3] Legend claims that it stands at the west end of the grave of Saint Cormac.[7] Only the shaft and the lower part of the ringed cross survive.[7] It stands 1.75 metres in visible height, but was originally at least 2.8 metres tall.[7] The east face shows two wrestling beak-headed monsters with tails and prominent genitals, above which is a hooded rider astride an oversized horse, and then a large monster gripping a snake in its jaws and linked by its tail and crest to a cruciform group of four animals at the top of the shaft.[7] The decoration on the west face is damaged, but two squatting beasts can be seen with interpenetrating necks and large heads.[7]

Another cross can be seen on the island's highest point, and is a replica of the late 14th-century cross erected by Mariota de Ros, wife of Donald MacDonald, 2nd Lord of the Isles.[3] The original was removed to the National Museum of Scotland in 1937.[3]

References

  1. ↑ "Rick Livingstone’s Tables of the Islands of Scotland" (pdf) Argyll Yacht Charters. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
  2. 1 2 Rob Humphreys, Donald Reid (2002), The Rough Guide to Scotland, page 416
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Eilean Mor: St Cormac's Chapel, Historic Scotland, accessed 13 May 2014
  4. ↑ The Eilean Mór MacCormick Trust, accessed 13 May 2014
  5. ↑ Saint Carmaig and Knapdale, Celtic Knapdale, accessed 13 May 2014
  6. 1 2 3 Site Record for Eilean Mor, St Cormac's Chapel And Burial-Ground, RCAHMS, accessed 13 May 2014
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Site Record for Eilean Mor, St Cormac's Chapel, Cross, RCAHMS, accessed 13 May 2014

External links

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Coordinates: 55°54′50″N 5°44′10″W / 55.914°N 5.736°W / 55.914; -5.736

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