Encrypted Media Extensions

Encrypted Media Extensions (EME) is a W3C draft specification for providing a communication channel between web browsers and digital rights management (DRM) agent software.[1] This allows the use of HTML5 video to play back DRM-wrapped content such as streaming video services without the need for third-party media plugins like Adobe Flash or Microsoft Silverlight. The use of a third-party key management system may be required, depending on whether the publisher chooses to scramble the keys.

EME is based on the HTML5 Media Source Extensions specification,[2] which enables adaptive bitrate streaming in HTML5 using e.g. MPEG-DASH with MPEG-CENC (Common Encryption) protected content.[3][4]

EME has been highly controversial within the W3C, because it places a necessarily proprietary, closed component into what might otherwise be an entirely open and free software ecosystem.[5]

Support

In April 2013, on the Samsung Chromebook, Netflix became the first company to offer HTML5 video using EME.[6]

As of 2015, the Encrypted Media Extensions interface has been implemented in the Google Chrome,[7] Internet Explorer,[8] Safari[9] and Firefox browsers.[10]

While backers and the developers of the Firefox browser were hesitant in implementing the protocol for ethical reasons due to its dependency on proprietary code,[11] Firefox introduced EME support on Windows platforms in May 2015. Firefox's implementation of EME uses an open-source sandbox for the Adobe Primetime CDM, which is treated as a plug-in that is downloaded when EME-protected content is requested. The sandbox was also designed to frustrate the ability for services and the DRM to uniquely track and identify devices.[10][12]

Netflix supports HTML5 video using EME with a supported browser: Chrome, Firefox,[13] Microsoft Edge, Internet Explorer (on Windows 8.1 or newer[14]), or Safari (on OS X Yosemite or newer).[15]). YouTube supports the HTML5 MSE.[16] Available players supporting MPEG-DASH using the HTML5 MSE and EME are the bitdash MPEG-DASH player,[17][18] dash.js[19] by DASH-IF or rx-player.[20]

Version 4.3 and subsequent versions of Android support EME.[21]

References

  1. ↑ "Encrypted Media Extensions W3C Working Draft". W3C. 18 February 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2014.
  2. ↑ HTML5 MSE
  3. ↑ David Dorwin. "ISO Common Encryption EME Stream Format and Initialization Data". W3C.
  4. ↑ http://www.dash-player.com/blog/2015/02/the-status-of-mpeg-dash-today-and-why-youtube-and-netflix-use-it-in-html5/ THE STATUS OF MPEG-DASH TODAY, AND WHY YOUTUBE & NETFLIX USE IT IN HTML5 & BEYOND
  5. ↑ Lucian Constantin (24 February 2012). "Proposed Encrypted Media Support in HTML5 Sparks DRM Debate on W3C Mailing List". IT World. IDG News Service. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  6. ↑ Anthony Park and Mark Watson (April 15, 2013). "HTML5 Video at Netflix". Netflix.
  7. ↑ Weinstein, Rafael (26 February 2013). "Chrome 26 Beta: Template Element & Unprefixed CSS Transitions". Chromium Blog. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  8. ↑ "Supporting Encrypted Media Extensions with Microsoft PlayReady DRM in web browsers". Windows app development. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  9. ↑ Protalinski, Emil (3 June 2014). "Netflix ditches Silverlight for HTML5 on Macs too: Available today in Safari on OS X Yosemite beta". The Next Web. Retrieved 16 October 2014.
  10. 1 2 "Firefox 38 arrives with contentious closed-source DRM integrated by default". PC World. IDG. 13 May 2015. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  11. ↑ Mozilla begrudgingly brings Netflix support to Linux with DRM in Firefox
  12. ↑ Jeremy Kirk (May 15, 2014). "Mozilla hates it, but streaming video DRM is coming to Firefox". PCWorld.
  13. ↑ Netflix system requirements for HTML5 Player and Silverlight
  14. ↑ Anthony Park and Mark Watson (26 June 2013). "HTML5 Video in IE 11 on Windows 8.1". Netflix.
  15. ↑ Anthony Park and Mark Watson (3 June 2014). "HTML5 Video in Safari on OS X Yosemite". Netflix.
  16. ↑ "The Status of MPEG-DASH today, and why Youtube & Netflix use it in HTML5". bitmovin GmbH. 2 Feb 2015.
  17. ↑ bitdash MPEG-DASH player for HTML5 MSE and EME
  18. ↑ bitdash HTML5 EME DRM demo area
  19. ↑ dash.js
  20. ↑ rx-player
  21. ↑ Ozer, Jan (July–August 2015). "HTML5 Comes of Age: It's Finally Time to Tell Flash Good-bye". Streaming Media Magazine (StreamingMedia.com). Retrieved 2016-01-12. In mobile markets [...] Android has supported MSE since version 4.1, and EME since version 4.3.

See also


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