Epizootic ulcerative syndrome

Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) is a disease caused by the water mould Aphanomyces invadans. It infects many freshwater and brackish fish species in the Asia-Pacific region and Australia. The disease is most commonly seen when there are low temperature and heavy rainfall in tropical and sub-tropical waters. It may also be referred to as mycotic granulomatosis (MG) and Red Spot Disease (RSD).

Clinical Signs & Diagnosis

At first, fish develop red spots on the skin. These lesions expand to form ulcers and extensive erosions filled with necrotic tissue and mycelium. This is followed by the development of granulomas on the internal organs and death.

A provisional diagnosis can be made by using squash preparations of the skeletal muscle from beneath an ulcer to identify the septate hyphae of the water mould. Definitive diagnosis can be made based on histopathogical findings and isolation of the pathogen.

Treatment & Control

Infected fish should be moved into high quality water, where they may recover if their clinical signs are mild.

If disease occurs eradication is required. Once the disease is eradicated good husbandry, surveillance and biosecurity measures are necessary to prevent recurrence. In countries free of epizootic ulcerative syndrome, quarantine and health certificates are necessary for the movement of all live fish to prevent the introduction of the disease.

References

Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome, reviewed and published by Wikivet at http://en.wikivet.net/Epizootic_Ulcerative_Syndrome, accessed 08/09/2011.

Fish diseases and parasites

Pathogens	Aeromonas salmonicida Columnaris Enteric redmouth Fin rot Fish dropsy Flavobacterium Hematopoietic necrosis Heterosigma akashiwo Hole in the head Hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis Infectious pancreatic necrosis Koi herpes virus Mycobacterium marinum Novirhabdovirus Pfiesteria piscicida Photobacterium damselae ssp piscicida Salmon anemia Streptococcus iniae Spring viraemia of carp Taura syndrome UDN VHS White spot Yellowhead

Parasites	Abergasilus Amoebic gill disease Anisakis Carp lice Ceratomyxa shasta Clinostomum marginatum Dactylogyrus vastator Diphyllobothrium Cymothoa exigua Eustrongylidosis Epizootic ulcerative syndrome Flukes Glugea Gyrodactylus salaris Henneguya zschokkei Ich (freshwater) Ich (marine) Kudoa thyrsites Lernaeocera branchialis Microsporidia Monogenea Myxobolus cerebralis Myxosporea Nanophyetus salmincola Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. Salmon lice Saprolegnia Schistocephalus solidus Sea louse Sphaerothecum destruens Swim bladder disease Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae Velvet Xenoma

Fish groups	Diseases and parasites in cod Diseases and parasites in salmon Disease in ornamental fish List of aquarium diseases

Related topics	Amnesic shellfish poisoning Brevetoxin Ciguatera Diarrheal shellfish poisoning Fish kill Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning Paralytic shellfish poisoning Saxitoxin

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