Eugene Podkletnov

Eugene Podkletnov (Russian: Евгений Подклетнов, Yevgeny Podkletnov) is a Russian ceramics engineer known for his claims made in the 1990s of designing and demonstrating gravity shielding devices consisting of rotating discs constructed from ceramic superconducting materials.

Background and education

Podkletnov graduated from the University of Chemical Technology, Mendeleyev Institute, in Moscow; he then spent 15 years at the Institute for High Temperatures in the Russian Academy of Sciences. He received a doctorate in materials science from Tampere University of Technology in Finland. After graduation he continued superconductor research at the university, in the Materials Science department, until his expulsion in 1997. After which he moved back to Moscow where it is reported that he took an engineering job. Since leaving Tampere in 1997 Podkletnov has avoided public contact or appearances.[1] There is a report that he later returned to Tampere to work on superconductors at Tamglass Engineering Oy.[2]

Gravity shielding

According to the account Podkletnov gave to Wired reporter Charles Platt in a 1996 phone interview, during a 1992 experiment with a rotating superconducting disc:

"Someone in the laboratory was smoking a pipe, and the pipe smoke rose in a column above the superconducting disc. So we placed a ball-shaped magnet above the disc, attached to a balance. The balance behaved strangely. We substituted a nonmagnetic material, silicon, and still the balance was very strange. We found that any object above the disc lost some of its weight, and we found that if we rotated the disc, the effect was increased."[1]

Public controversy

Podkletnov's first peer-reviewed paper on the apparent gravity-modification effect, published in 1992, attracted little notice.[3] In 1996, he submitted a longer paper, in which he claimed to have observed a larger effect (2% weight reduction as opposed to 0.3% in the 1992 paper) to the Journal of Physics D.[4][5] According to Platt, a member of the editorial staff, Ian Sample, leaked the submitted paper to Robert Matthews, the science correspondent for the British newspaper, the Sunday Telegraph.[1]

On September 1, 1996, Matthews's story broke, leading with the startling statement: "Scientists in Finland are about to reveal details of the world's first antigravity device."[6] In the ensuing furor, the director of the laboratory where Podkletnov was working issued a defensive statement that Podkletnov was working entirely on his own. Vourinen, listed as the paper's coauthor, disavowed prior knowledge of the paper and claimed that the name was used without consent. Podkletnov himself complained that he had never claimed to block gravity, only to have reduced its effect.[1]

Podkletnov withdrew his second paper after it had been initially accepted.[4][5] The resulting furor over the alleged claims in the withdrawn paper is reported to be the primary reason for his expulsion from his lab and the termination of his employment at the university.[1][2]

Attempted verification

In a 1997 telephone interview with Charles Platt, Podkletnov insisted that his gravity-shielding work was reproduced by researchers at universities in Toronto and Sheffield, but none have come forward to acknowledge this. The Sheffield work is known to have only been intended as partial replication, aimed at observing any unusual effects which might be present, since the team involved lacked the necessary facilities to construct a large enough disc and the ability to duplicate the means by which the original disc was rotated. Podkletnov counters that the researchers in question have kept quiet "lest they be criticized by the mainstream scientific community".[1] Podkletnov is reported to have visited the Sheffield team in 2000 and advised them on the conditions necessary to achieve his effect, conditions that they never achieved.[7]

In a BBC news item, it was alleged that researchers at Boeing were funding a project called GRASP (Gravity Research for Advanced Space Propulsion) which would attempt to construct a gravity shielding device based on rotating superconductors,[8] but a subsequent Popular Mechanics news item stated that Boeing had denied funding GRASP with company money, although Boeing acknowledged that it could not comment on "black projects".[9] It is alleged that the GRASP proposal was presented to Boeing and Boeing chose not to fund it.[10]

Gravity beam

Also during the 1997 telephone interview with Platt, Podkletnov said that he was continuing to work on gravitation, claiming that with new collaborators at an unnamed "chemical research center" in Moscow he has built a new device. He said:

"Normally there are two spheres, and a spark jumps between them. Now imagine the spheres are flat surfaces, superconductors, one of them a coil or O-ring. Under specific conditions, applying resonating fields and composite superconducting coatings, we can organize the energy discharge in such a way that it goes through the center of the electrode, accompanied by gravitation phenomena - reflecting gravitational waves that spread through the walls and hit objects on the floors below, knocking them over...The second generation of flying machines will reflect gravity waves and will be small, light, and fast, like UFOs. I have achieved impulse reflection; now the task is to make it work continuously."[1]

Rumors of this work, presumed to be the results of the experiment described to Platt, appeared in 2001.[11] A paper was finally published in 2003, coauthored by Podkletnov's friend and main apologist,[1] Italian physicist Giovanni Modanese. The published version of the paper does not include any gravity beams, claiming only that the "force beam" was not "electromagnetic".[12]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Platt, Charles (June 3, 1998). "Breaking the Law of Gravity". Wired. Retrieved 2011-06-19.
  2. 1 2 Vuotta Sitten (April 24, 1998). "Painovoimaa kumoamassa" (in Finnish). Retrieved April 28, 2014.
  3. ↑ Podkletnov, E; Nieminen, R (December 10, 1992). "A possibility of gravitational force shielding by bulk YBa2Cu3O7−x superconductor". Physica C 203 (3–4): 441–444. Bibcode:1992PhyC..203..441P. doi:10.1016/0921-4534(92)90055-H. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
  4. 1 2 Podkletnov, E.E.; Vourinen, P.T. (May 13, 1996). "Gravitation shielding properties of composite bulk Y Ba2Cu3O7−x superconductor below 70 K under electromatic field". Journal of Applied Physics D. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
  5. 1 2 Podkletnov, Evgeny (September 16, 1997). "Weak gravitation shielding properties of composite bulk Y Ba2Cu3O7−x superconductor below 70 K under e.m. field". Retrieved April 29, 2014. This is believed to be substantially the same paper accepted for publication in 1996 by Journal of Physics D which was later withdrawn by the author.
  6. ↑ Archer, Graeme. "Scientists in Finland are about to reveal details of the world's first antigravity device". The Daily Telegraph (London). Archived from the original on March 14, 2005.
  7. ↑ Woods, Cooke, Helm & Caldwell (2001). "Gravity Modification by High Temperature Superconductors" (PDF). AIAA.
  8. ↑ "Boeing tries to defy gravity". BBC News. July 7, 2002. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
  9. ↑ articles with dead external links%5d%5d%5b%5bCategory:Articles with dead external links from February 2016%5d%5d "Science Does The Impossible: February 2003 Cover Story" Check |url= value (help). Popular Mechanics. 2003. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
  10. ↑ Banke, Jim (July 31, 2002). "Gravity Shielding Still Science Fiction, Boeing Says". Space.com. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
  11. ↑ Evgeny Podkletnov, Giovanni Modanese (August 30, 2001). "Impulse Gravity Generator Based on Charged YBa2Cu3O7−y Superconductor with Composite Crystal Structure" (PDF). arxiv.org. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
  12. ↑ Evgeny Podkletnov, Giovanni Modanese (August 2003). "Investigation of high voltage discharges in low pressure gases through large ceramic superconducting electrodes". J. Low Temp. Phys. 132: 239–259. Retrieved April 30, 2014.

External links

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