European Union Customs Union

European Union Customs Union
  EU member states
  Non-EU states which participate
Policy of European Union
Type Customs union
Member states
Establishment 1958
Area
 •  Total 5,200,000 km2
2,007,731 sq mi
Population
 •  2014 estimate 585,000,000
GDP (PPP) 2014 estimate
 •  Total $19.6 trillion
GDP (nominal) 2014 estimate
 •  Total $19.2 trillion
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The European Union Customs Union (EUCU) is a customs union which consists of all the member states of the European Union (EU) and some of its neighbouring countries: Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and Turkey.

The customs union is a principal task of the European Economic Community, established in 1958, and now succeeded by the European Union. No customs are levied on goods travelling within the customs union and—unlike a free trade area—members of the customs union impose a common external tariff on all goods entering the union. One of the consequences of the customs union is that the European Union negotiates as a single entity in international trade deals such as the World Trade Organisation, instead of individual member states negotiating for themselves.

Non-EU participants

Monaco and the British territories of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, Guernsey, Isle of Man and Jersey are integral parts of the EU's customs territory, while Andorra, San Marino and Turkey, a candidate for EU membership, are each in a customs union with the EU.

State Agreement Entry into force Notes
Andorra Andorra Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Economic Community and the Principality of Andorra - Joint Declarations[1] 1 January 1991 Excludes agricultural products
Monaco Monaco Franco-Monegasque Treaty[2][3] 1958
San Marino San Marino Agreement on Cooperation and Customs Union between the European Economic Community and the Republic of San Marino[4] 1991
Turkey Turkey Decision No 1/95 of the EC-Turkey Association Council of 22 December 1995 on implementing the final phase of the European Union–Turkey Customs Union[5] 31 December 1995 Excludes agricultural products
 United Kingdom in respect of

 Akrotiri and Dhekelia

 Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded
Protocol No 3 on the sovereign base areas of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in Cyprus[6]		 1 May 2004
 United Kingdom in respect of

Guernsey
 Isle of Man
 Jersey

 Documents concerning the accession to the European Communities of the Kingdom of Denmark, Ireland, the Kingdom of Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Protocol No 3 on the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man[7]		 1 January 1973

EU territories with an opt-out

While all EU member states are part of the customs union, not all of their respective territories participate. Territories of member states which have remained outside of the EU (overseas countries and territories of the European Union) generally do not participate in the customs union.

However, there are seven territories that are within the EU which do not participate in the customs union:

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ "Andorra : Customs Unions and preferential arrangements". European Commission. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
  2. ↑ "Taxation and Customs - FAQ". European Commission. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
  3. ↑ "Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 of 12 October 1992 establishing the Community Customs Code". Official Journal of the European Union. 1992-10-19. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
  4. ↑ Agreement on Cooperation and Customs Union between the European Economic Community and the Republic of San Marino
  5. ↑ Decision No 1/95 of the EC-Turkey Association Council of 22 December 1995 on implementing the final phase of the Customs Union
  6. ↑ Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded - Protocol No 3 on the sovereign base areas of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Cyprus
  7. ↑ DOCUMENTS CONCERNING THE ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES OF THE KINGDOM OF DENMARK, IRELAND, THE KINGDOM OF NORWAY AND THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND, PROTOCOL NO 3 ON THE CHANNEL ISLANDS AND THE ISLE OF MAN
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Article 6 of Council Directive 2006/112/EC, 28 November 2006
  9. ↑ Article 28 of the Act concerning the conditions of Accession and the Adjustments to the Treaties, 22 January 1972

Further reading

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