Everard of Ypres

Everard of Ypres^[1] was a scholastic philosopher of the middle of the twelfth century, a master of the University of Paris who became a Cistercian monk of the abbey of Moutier of Argonne. He had worked also for Cardinal Giacinto Bobone, the future Pope Innocent III.^[2]

He studied with Gilbert de la Porrée,^[3] first in Chartres and then in Paris,^[4] moving from four hearers to huge audiences in the hundreds.^[5] He is an important commentator on the dispute between Gilbert and Bernard of Clairvaux, about which he later wrote.^[2] The Dialogus Ratii et Everardi, a work dated to the 1190s,^[6] and variously considered either fictional or based on real conversations, contains an exposition of Gilbert's views.^[7] The dialogue is presented between a letter to Pope Urban III and another letter, a literary structure that has been traced back to Sulpicius Severus.^[8]

The identification of the author of the Dialogus and the canonist author of Summula decretionum quaestionum, dated c.1180,^[9] was made by N. M. Häring; but this is not universally accepted.^[10] The Summula is a digest of the Summa of Sicardus of Cremona.^[11]

References

• N. M. Haring, Everard of Ypres and his appraisal of the conflict between St. Bernard and Gilbert of Poitiers, Mediaeval Studies 17 (1955) 143-72
• Peter von Moos, Literatur- und bildungsgeschichtliche Aspekte der Dialogform im lateinischen Mittelalter. Der Dialogus Ratii des Eberhard von Ypern zwischen theologischer disputatio und Scholaren-Komödie, pp. 165–209 in G. Bernt, F. Rädle und G. Silagi (eds.), Tradition und Wertung. Festschrift für Franz Brunhölzl zum 65. Geburtstag, (1989)

Notes

1. Everardus, Evrard, Eberhard, Eberhardus, Evrardus Yprensis, Everhardus Yprensis.
2. Richard William Southern, Scholastic Humanism and the Unification of Europe (1995), pp. 225-230.
3. Giles Constable, The Reformation of the Twelfth Century (1996), p. 215.
4. Stephen C. Ferruolo, The Origins of the University: The Schools of Paris and Their Critics, 1100-1215 (1995), p. 24.
5. André Vauchez, Richard Barrie Dobson, Michael Lapidge, 'Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages (2001 translation), p. 288.
6. Krijna Nelly Ciggaar, Western Travellers to Constantinople: The West and Byzantium, 962-1204 (1996), p. 91.
7. John Marenbon, Gilbert of Poitiers and the Porretans on Mathematica in the Division of the Sciences, pp. 46-50. in Rainer Berndt (editor), "Scientia" und "Disciplina": Wissenstheorie und Wissenschaftspraxis im 12. und 13. Jahrhundert (2002)
8. von Moos; Jay Terry Lees, Anselm of Havelberg: Deeds Into Words in the Twelfth Century (1998), p. 231.
9. Constant van de Wiel, History of Canon Law (1991), p. 119.
10. Theresa Gross-Diaz, The Psalms Commentary of Gilbert of Poitiers: From Lectio Divina to the Lecture Room (1996), p. 17.
11. http://faculty.cua.edu/pennington/1140d-h.htm