Excluded point topology

In mathematics, the excluded point topology is a topology where exclusion of a particular point defines openness. Formally, let X be any set and pX. The collection

T = {S X: p S or S = X;}

of subsets of X is then the excluded point topology on X. There are a variety of cases which are individually named:

A generalization / related topology is the open extension topology. That is if X\backslash \{p\} has the discrete topology then the open extension topology will be the excluded point topology.

This topology is used to provide interesting examples and counterexamples. Excluded point topology is also connected and that is clear since the only open set containing the excluded point is X itself and hence X cannot be written as disjoint union of two proper open subsets.

See also

References

my notes Taha el Turki.[1]

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