Expected loss

Expected loss is the value of a possible loss times the probability of that loss occurring. (see: Loss function#Expected loss)

In banking lending (homes, autos, credit cards, commercial lending, etc.) a third concept is introduced to emphasize that most loans are repaid over time and therefore have a declining outstanding amount to be repaid. Additionally, loans are typically backed up by pledged collateral whose value changes differently over time vs. the outstanding loan value. In banking the three factors are:

Simple example

PD & LGD may be correlated?

The above assumes probability of default (PD) and Loss given default LGD are in no way correlated. If there is any degree of correlation the expected loss goes up.

For example, over a 20-year period only 5% of a certain class of homeowners default. However, when a systemic crisis hits, and home values drop 30% for a long period, that same class of borrowers changes their default behavior. Instead of 5% defaulting, say 10% default, largely due to the fact the LGD has catastrophically risen.

To accommodate for that type of situation a much larger expected loss needs to be calculated. This is the subject to considerable research at the national and global levels as it has a large impact on the understanding and mitigation of Systemic risk.[4][5][6][7][8][9]

See also

References

  1. "Basel Glossary LGD". Basel. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  2. "Basel Glossary PD". Basel. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  3. "Basel Glossary EAD". Basel. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  4. "Regulatory use of system-wide estimations of PD, LGD and EAD" (PDF). BIS. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  5. "QIS 3 FAQ: I. IRB-inputs: PD, LGD and EAD". BIS. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  6. "Implications of PD-LGD Correlation in a Portfolio". Moodys. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  7. "Expected loss (EL) on credit asset if PD, LGD are correlated". bionicturtledotcom. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  8. Schuermann, T. "What Do We Know About Loss Given Default?" (PDF). Wharton. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  9. [1.ppt "Expected Loss"]. World Bank. Retrieved 2 February 2013.


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