Surface ectoderm

Surface ectoderm
Organs derived from ectoderm.
Details
Precursor	ectoderm
Identifiers
FMA	87656
*Anatomical terminology* [edit on Wikidata]

The surface ectoderm (or external ectoderm) forms the following structures:

Skin (only epidermis; dermis is derived from mesoderm) (along with glands, hair, and nails)
Epithelium of the mouth and nasal cavity salivary glands, and glands of mouth and nasal cavity
Tooth enamel (as a side note, dentin and dental pulp are formed from ectomesenchyme which is derived from ectoderm (specifically neural crest cells and travels with mesenchmyal cells)
Epithelium of anterior pituitary
Lens, cornea, lacrimal gland, tarsal glands and the conjunctiva of the eye
Apical ectodermal ridge inducing development of the limb buds of the embryo.
Sensory receptors in epidermis

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/martini10/chapter18/custom3/deluxe-content.html
Thomas, Jane Coad with Melvyn Dunstall ; foreword by Meryl (2001). Anatomy and physiology for midwives. Edinburgh ; New York: Mosby. ISBN 0723429790.

Human embryogenesis in the first three weeks

Week 1

Week 2
(Bilaminar)

Week 3
(Trilaminar)

Germ layers	Archenteron/Primitive streak Primitive pit Primitive knot/Blastopore Primitive groove Gastrula Gastrulation Regional specification Embryonic disc

Ectoderm	Surface ectoderm Neuroectoderm Somatopleuric mesenchyme Neurulation Neural crest

Endoderm	Splanchnopleuric mesenchyme

Mesoderm	Axial mesoderm Paraxial Somite Somitomere Intermediate Lateral plate Intraembryonic coelom Splanchnopleuric mesenchyme Somatopleuric mesenchyme

Cells in humans derived from ectoderm

Surface ectoderm

Skin	Trichocyte Keratinocyte

Anterior pituitary	Gonadotrope Corticotrope Thyrotrope Somatotrope Lactotroph

Neural crest

Peripheral nervous system	Neuron Glia Schwann cell Satellite glial cell

Neuroendocrine system	Chromaffin cell Parafollicular cell Glomus cell

Skin	Melanocyte Nevus cell Merkel cell

Teeth	Odontoblast Cementoblast

Eyes	Corneal keratocyte

Neural tube

Central nervous system	Neuron Glia (Oligodendrocyte Astrocyte)

Ependyma	Ependymocytes

Pineal gland	Pinealocyte

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