FMO2

Flavin containing monooxygenase 2 (non-functional)
Identifiers
Symbols	FMO2 ; FMO1B1
External IDs	OMIM: 603955 MGI: 1916776 HomoloGene: 86882 GeneCards: FMO2 Gene
EC number	1.14.13.8
Gene ontology Molecular function • monooxygenase activity • N,N-dimethylaniline monooxygenase activity • flavin adenine dinucleotide binding • NADP binding Cellular component • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • membrane • integral component of membrane Biological process • organic acid metabolic process • NADP metabolic process • xenobiotic metabolic process • toxin metabolic process • drug metabolic process • small molecule metabolic process • NADPH oxidation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2327	55990
Ensembl	ENSG00000094963	ENSMUSG00000040170
UniProt	Q99518	Q8K2I3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001301347	NM_018881
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001288276	NP_061369
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 171.19 – 171.21 Mb	Chr 1: 162.87 – 162.9 Mb
PubMed search

Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FMO2 gene.^[1][2][3]

The flavin-containing monooxygenases are NADPH-dependent enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of many drugs and xenobiotics. In most mammals, there is a flavin-containing monooxygenase that catalyzes the N-oxidation of some primary alkylamines through an N-hydroxylamine intermediate. However, in humans, this enzyme is truncated and is probably rapidly degraded. The protein encoded by this gene represents the truncated form and apparently has no catalytic activity. A functional allele found in African Americans has been reported, but no sequence evidence has been deposited to support the finding. This gene is found in a cluster with the FMO1, FMO3, and FMO4 genes on chromosome 1.^[3]

References

1. Dolphin CT, Shephard EA, Povey S, Smith RL, Phillips IR (Nov 1992). "Cloning, primary sequence and chromosomal localization of human FMO2, a new member of the flavin-containing mono-oxygenase family". Biochem J. 287. ( Pt 1): 261–7. PMC 1133153. PMID 1417778.
2. Dolphin CT, Beckett DJ, Janmohamed A, Cullingford TE, Smith RL, Shephard EA, Phillips IR (Dec 1998). "The flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 gene (FMO2) of humans, but not of other primates, encodes a truncated, nonfunctional protein". J Biol Chem 273 (46): 30599–607. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.46.30599. PMID 9804831.
3. "Entrez Gene: FMO2 flavin containing monooxygenase 2 (non-functional)".

Further reading

• Hines RN, Cashman JR, Philpot RM; et al. (1994). "The mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenases: molecular characterization and regulation of expression.". Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 125 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1042. PMID 8128486.
• Lomri N, Gu Q, Cashman JR (1992). "Molecular cloning of the flavin-containing monooxygenase (form II) cDNA from adult human liver.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (5): 1685–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.5.1685. PMC 48517. PMID 1542660.
• Phillips IR, Dolphin CT, Clair P; et al. (1995). "The molecular biology of the flavin-containing monooxygenases of man.". Chem. Biol. Interact. 96 (1): 17–32. doi:10.1016/0009-2797(94)03580-2. PMID 7720101.
• Lawton MP, Cashman JR, Cresteil T; et al. (1994). "A nomenclature for the mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family based on amino acid sequence identities.". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 308 (1): 254–7. doi:10.1006/abbi.1994.1035. PMID 8311461.
• McCombie RR, Dolphin CT, Povey S; et al. (1996). "Localization of human flavin-containing monooxygenase genes FMO2 and FMO5 to chromosome 1q.". Genomics 34 (3): 426–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0308. PMID 8786146.
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery.". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
• Whetstine JR, Yueh MF, McCarver DG; et al. (2000). "Ethnic differences in human flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 (FMO2) polymorphisms: detection of expressed protein in African-Americans.". Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 168 (3): 216–24. doi:10.1006/taap.2000.9050. PMID 11042094.
• Krueger SK, Martin SR, Yueh MF; et al. (2002). "Identification of active flavin-containing monooxygenase isoform 2 in human lung and characterization of expressed protein.". Drug Metab. Dispos. 30 (1): 34–41. doi:10.1124/dmd.30.1.34. PMID 11744609.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Furnes B, Feng J, Sommer SS, Schlenk D (2003). "Identification of novel variants of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene family in African Americans.". Drug Metab. Dispos. 31 (2): 187–93. doi:10.1124/dmd.31.2.187. PMID 12527699.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T; et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Krueger SK, Siddens LK, Henderson MC; et al. (2005). "Haplotype and functional analysis of four flavin-containing monooxygenase isoform 2 (FMO2) polymorphisms in Hispanics.". Pharmacogenet. Genomics 15 (4): 245–56. doi:10.1097/01213011-200504000-00008. PMC 1351039. PMID 15864117.
• Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE; et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.". Nature 441 (7091): 315–21. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.