Fallow Hollow

Fallow Hollow

Fallow Hollow looking upstream
Origin pond in Sugarloaf Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania
Mouth Coles Creek in Sugarloaf Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania
Progression Coles Creek → Fishing Creek → Susquehanna River → Chesapeake Bay
Etymology unknown
Length 1.5 mi (2.4 km)
Source elevation 1,220 to 1,240 feet (370 to 380 m)
Mouth elevation 994 ft (303 m)
Basin area 0.96 sq mi (2.5 km2)

Fallow Hollow is an unofficially named tributary of Coles Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.[1][2] It is approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) long and flows through Sugarloaf Township.[1] The watershed of the stream has an area of 0.96 square miles (2.5 km2). Fallow Hollow is listed on the Columbia County Natural Areas Inventory as a "Locally Significant Area". The stream is also Class A Wild Trout Waters.

Course

Fallow Hollow looking downstream

Fallow Hollow begins in a pond in Sugarloaf Township, near Ranch Road. It flows roughly south for less than half a mile before turning west. The stream then flows a slightly longer distance before turning northwest and beginning to flow parallel to Ripple Brook Road. A short distance downstream, it reaches its confluence with Coles Creek.[1]

Fallow Hollow joins Coles Creek 2.54 miles (4.09 km) upstream of its mouth.[3]

Geography, watershed, and hydrology

The elevation near the mouth of Fallow Hollow is 994 feet (303 m) above sea level.[4] The elevation at the source of the stream is between 1,220 feet (370 m) and 1,240 feet (380 m).[1]

The watershed of Fallow Hollow has an area of 0.96 square miles (2.5 km2).[3] The entire length of the stream is on closed and private land.[5]

There are numerous types of habitats in the watershed of Fallow Hollow. These include a pond, a shrub swamp, a forested ravine, a graminoid/forb opening, and a deciduous seepy forest.[6] The last habitat has a thick understory of ferns.[6]

The total concentration of alkalinity in the waters of Fallow Hollow is eight milligrams per liter.[5]

History and etymology

The etymology of Fallow Hollow's name is unknown.[7]

The Columbia County Natural Areas Inventory of 2004 recommended that the riparian buffer around the wetlands in Fallow Hollow remain undisturbed. The inventory also advised against the introduction of beavers and suggested more deer hunting activity in the area.[6]

Fallow Hollow is listed as a "locally significant site" on the Columbia County Natural Areas Inventory.[6]

Plants

In the higher elevations of the watershed of Fallow Hollow, the forest canopy consists of trees such as red maple, sugar maple, red oak, white oak, yellow birch, serviceberry, Eastern hemlock, and big-tooth aspen. The understory of this part of the watershed is inhabited by plants such as northern lady fern, hay-scented fern, New York fern, common wood fern, and starflower.[6]

In the wetlands of Fallow Hollow, numerous shrubs and herbaceous plants live. These include sensitive fern, highbrush blueberry, cinnamon fern, winterberry holly, various sedges, and numerous other species. The hollow's seepy woods contain trees such as white pine, yellow birch, and eastern hemlock, and pignut hickory. Other plants in this part of the hollow include Japanese barberry, lowbush blueberry, partridge berry, red trillium, Indian cucumber, and witch hazel.[6]

Animals

Fallow Hollow has a fairly high level of bird biodiversity. The bird species inhabiting the hollow include four warblers, two vireos, two sparrows, and numerous other species, such as black-capped chickadee and pileated woodpeckers.[6]

The watershed of Fallow Hollow is over-browsed by deer.[6]

The entire watershed of Fallow Hollow is designated as a Coldwater Fishery, but is used as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery. The stream's watershed is also Class A Wild Trout Waters.[2] Trout (specifically brook trout) reproduce naturally in the stream between its headwaters and its mouth.[5][8]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 United States Geological Survey, The National Map Viewer, retrieved September 6, 2014
  2. 1 2 Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (April 26, 2011), Statewide Existing Use Classifications Columbia County (PDF), retrieved September 6, 2014
  3. 1 2 Pennsylvania Gazetteer of Streams (PDF), November 2, 2001, retrieved September 6, 2014
  4. ↑ Topographic Map Valley Features in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, retrieved September 6, 2014
  5. 1 2 3 Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission (December 16, 2013), Class A Wild Trout Waters (PDF), retrieved September 6, 2014
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The Pennsylvania Science Office of The Nature Conservancy (2004), Columbia County Natural Areas Inventory 2004 (PDF), pp. 130–31, retrieved September 6, 2014
  7. ↑ Walter M. Brasch (1984), Columbia County place names, p. 85
  8. ↑ Pennsylvania Wild Trout Waters (Natural Reproduction) – July 2013 Columbia County (PDF), July 2013, retrieved September 6, 2014

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