Field hockey at the Summer Olympics

For Olympic ice hockey, see Ice hockey at the Olympic Games.
Field hockey at the Summer Olympics
Governing body FIH
Events 2 (men: 1; women: 1)
Games

Field hockey was introduced at the Summer Olympic Games as a men's competition at the 1908 Games in London, with six teams, including four from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Field hockey was removed from the Summer Olympic Games at the 1924 Paris Games because of the lack of an international sporting structure. The International Hockey Federation (FIH, Fédération Internationale de Hockey) was founded in Paris that year as a response to field hockey's omission. Men's field hockey became a permanent feature at the next Olympic Games, the 1928 Games in Amsterdam.

For a long time, India dominated the Olympics, winning the men's gold medal in seven out of eight Olympics from 1928 to 1964. Later, Pakistan was also dominant, winning three gold and three silver medals between 1956 and 1984.

Since 1968, various teams from around the world have seen gold-medal success at the Olympics. Since 1968, several countries in the Southern Hemisphere have won various medals in men's and women's field hockey, including Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, and Zimbabwe. A leading group of teams from the Northern Hemisphere has come from the Netherlands and from Germany.

Spain has appeared in the most Olympic men's competitions without winning the men's gold medal, having won silver three times in 1980, 1996, 2008 and bronze once in 1960. Australia had competed in 11 Olympics without winning gold before breaking their streak in 2004.

The first women's Olympic field hockey competition was held at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Olympic field hockey games were first played on artificial turf at the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games.

Until 1988 Olympics the tournament was invitational but FIH introduced qualification system since the 1992 games.


Men

Summaries

Year Host Final Bronze medal match
Gold medal Score Silver medal Bronze medal Score Fourth place
1908
Details
London
Great Britain

(England)
8–1
Great Britain
(Ireland)

Great Britain
(Scotland)

Great Britain
(Wales)
[1]
1912 Stockholm No hockey tournament No hockey tournament
1920
Details
Antwerp
Great Britain
[2]
Denmark

Belgium
[2]
France
1924 Paris No hockey tournament No hockey tournament
1928
Details
Amsterdam
India
3–0
Netherlands

Germany
3–0
Belgium
1932
Details
Los Angeles
India
[3]
Japan

United States
[3]
1936
Details
Berlin
India
8–1
Germany

Netherlands
4–3
France
1948
Details
London
India
4–0
Great Britain

Netherlands
1–1
(4–1)
Penalty strokes

Pakistan
1952
Details
Helsinki
India
6–1
Netherlands

Great Britain
2–1
Pakistan
1956
Details
Melbourne
India
1–0
Pakistan

Unified Team of Germany[4]
3–1
Great Britain
1960
Details
Rome
Pakistan
1–0
India

Spain
2–1
Great Britain
1964
Details
Tokyo
India
1–0
Pakistan

Australia
3–2
after extra time

Spain
1968
Details
Mexico City
Pakistan
2–1
Australia

India
2–1
West Germany
1972
Details
Munich
West Germany
1–0
Pakistan

India
2–1
Netherlands
1976
Details
Montreal
New Zealand
1–0
Australia

Pakistan
3–2
Netherlands
1980
Details
Moscow
India
4–3
Spain

Soviet Union
2–1
Poland
1984
Details
Los Angeles
Pakistan
2–1
after extra time

West Germany

Great Britain
3–2
Australia
1988
Details
Seoul
Great Britain
3–1
West Germany

Netherlands
2–1
Australia
1992
Details
Barcelona
Germany
2–1
Australia

Pakistan
4–3
Netherlands
1996
Details
Atlanta
Netherlands
3–1
Spain

Australia
3–2
Germany
2000
Details
Sydney
Netherlands
3–3
(5–4)
Penalty strokes

South Korea

Australia
6–3
Pakistan
2004
Details
Athens
Australia
2–1
after extra time

Netherlands

Germany
4–3
after extra time

Spain
2008
Details
Beijing
Germany
1–0
Spain

Australia
6–2
Netherlands
2012
Details
London
Germany
2–1
Netherlands

Australia
3–1
Great Britain
2016
Details
Rio de Janeiro
2020
Details
Tokyo

Team appearances

Team 08 20 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 Total
 Afghanistan 6th8th11th 3
 Argentina 5th14th14th11th8th11th9th8th11th10thQ 10
 Australia 5th6th3rd2nd5th2nd4th4th2nd3rd3rd1st3rd3rdQ 14
 Austria 9th8th7th 3
 Belgium 3rd4th9th5th9th7th11th11th9th10th9th9th5thQ 13
 Brazil Q 1
 Canada 13th10th12th11th10th10thQ 7
 China 11th 1
 CIS# 10th1
 Cuba 5th 1
 Denmark 2nd5th10th11th16th 5
 East Germany 11th1
 Egypt 12th12th 2
 England 1st1
 Finland 9th 1
 France 6th4th5th4th8th11th10th10th12th 9
 Great Britain 1st2nd3rd4th4th9th12th6th3rd1st6th7th6th9th5th4thQ 16
 Germany 5th3rd2nd5th1st4th5th3rd1st1stQ 10
 Hong Kong 15th 1
 Hungary 8th 1
 India 1st1st1st1st1st1st2nd1st3rd3rd7th1st5th6th7th8th7th7th12thQ 20
 Ireland 2ndQ 2
 Italy 11th13th 2
 Japan 2nd7th14th7th12thQ6
 Kenya 10th7th6th8th13th9th12th 7
 Malaysia 9th9th15th8th8th10th9th11th11th 9
 Mexico 16th16th 2
 Netherlands 2nd3rd3rd2nd9th7th5th4th4th6th3rd4th1st1st2nd4th2ndQ 17
 New Zealand 6th5th13th7th9th1st7th8th6th7th9th 11
 Pakistan 4th4th2nd1st2nd1st2nd3rd1st5th3rd6th4th5th8th7th 16
 Poland 6th12th11th4th12th 5
 Scotland 3rd1
 Singapore 8th 1
 South Africa 10th10th12th11th 4
 South Korea 10th5th2nd8th6th8th 6
 Soviet Union# 3rd7th2
 Spain 7th11th3rd4th6th7th6th2nd8th9th5th2nd9th4th2nd6th Q 16
  Switzerland 7th5th5th7th15th 5
 Tanzania 6th 1
 Uganda 15th 1
 Unified Team of Germany 3rd7th5th3
 United States 3rd11th11th12th11th12th 6
 Wales 3rd1
 West Germany 4th1st5th2nd2nd5
 Zimbabwe 11th 1
Total 6 4 9 3 11 13 12 12 16 15 16 16 11 6 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 270
# = states or teams that have since split into two or more independent nations

45 teams have competed in at least one Olympic Game.

Women

Summaries

Year Host Final Bronze medal match
Gold medal Score Silver medal Bronze medal Score Fourth place
1980
Details
Moscow
Zimbabwe
[5]
Czechoslovakia

Soviet Union
[5]
India
1984
Details
Los Angeles
Netherlands
[6]
West Germany

United States
(10–5)
Penalty strokes[7]

Australia
1988
Details
Seoul
Australia
2–0
South Korea

Netherlands
3–1
Great Britain
1992
Details
Barcelona
Spain
2–1
after extra time

Germany

Great Britain
4–3
South Korea
1996
Details
Atlanta
Australia
3–1
South Korea

Netherlands
0–0
(4–3)
Penalty strokes

Great Britain
2000
Details
Sydney
Australia
3–1
Argentina

Netherlands
2–0
Spain
2004
Details
Athens
Germany
2–1
Netherlands

Argentina
1–0
China
2008
Details
Beijing
Netherlands
2–0
China

Argentina
3–1
Germany
2012
Details
London
Netherlands
2–0
Argentina

Great Britain
3–1
New Zealand
2016
Details
Rio de Janeiro
2020
Details
Tokyo

Team appearances

Team 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 Total
 Argentina 7th7th2nd3rd3rd2ndQ 7
 Australia 4th1st5th1st1st5th5th5thQ 9
 Austria 5th 1
 Belgium 11th 1
 Canada 5th6th7th 3
 Czechoslovakia# 2nd1
 China 5th4th2nd6thQ 5
 Germany 2nd6th7th1st4th7thQ 7
 Great Britain 4th3rd4th8th6th3rdQ 7
 India 4thQ 2
 Japan 8th10th9thQQ4
 Netherlands 1st3rd6th3rd3rd2nd1st1stQ 9
 New Zealand 6th8th6th6th12th4thQ 7
 Poland 6th 1
 South Africa 10th9th11th10th 4
 South Korea 2nd4th2nd9th7th9th8thQ 8
 Soviet Union# 3rd1
 Spain 1st8th4th10th7thQ 6
 United States 3rd8th5th8th12thQ 6
 West Germany 2nd5th2
 Zimbabwe 1st 1
Total 6 6 8 8 8 10 10 12 12 12 12 104
# = states that have since split into two or more independent nations

Australia and the Netherlands are the only teams to have competed at almost every Olympic Games, except for only one edition; 21 teams have competed in at least one Olympic Games.

Medal table

The Indian Hockey team at the 1936 Berlin Olympics, later going on to defeat Germany 8–1 in the final
Rank Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1  India (IND)* 8 1 2 11
2  Netherlands (NED) 5 5 6 16
3  Australia (AUS) 4 3 5 12
4  Germany (GER) 4 2 2 8
5  Pakistan (PAK) 3 3 2 8
6  Great Britain (GBR) 3 2 6 11
7  Spain (ESP) 1 3 1 5
8  West Germany (FRG) 1 3 0 4
9  New Zealand (NZL) 1 0 0 1
 Zimbabwe (ZIM) 1 0 0 1
11  South Korea (KOR) 0 3 0 3
12  Argentina (ARG) 0 2 2 4
13  China (CHN) 0 1 0 1
 Czechoslovakia (TCH) 0 1 0 1
 Denmark (DEN) 0 1 0 1
 Japan (JPN) 0 1 0 1
17  Soviet Union (URS) 0 0 2 2
 United States (USA) 0 0 2 2
19  Belgium (BEL) 0 0 1 1
 United Team of Germany (EUA) 0 0 1 1
Total 31 31 32 94

* Includes 3 gold medals as British India

Nations

Only players who participated in at least one game are counted.

Nation 96 00 04 08 12 20 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 Years
 Afghanistan (AFG)      1214X3
 Argentina (ARG)      12XXXXXXXXX10
 Australia (AUS)      XXXXXXXXXXXXXX14
 Austria (AUT)      1612113
 Belgium (BEL)     14 18121311XXXXXXXX13
 Canada (CAN)      XXXXXX6
 China (CHN)      XX1
 Cuba (CUB)      X1
 Denmark (DEN)     12 131316X5
 Egypt (EGY)      XX2
 Finland (FIN)      111
 France (FRA)    11 11 15181413XXX9
 Germany (GER)    11  192215XXXXXXXXXX14
 East Germany (GDR)      X1
 West Germany (FRG)      XXXX4
 Great Britain (GBR)    44* 15 1213XXXXXXXXXXXXX17
 Hong Kong (HKG)      X1
 Hungary (HUN)      151
 India (IND)      1415192014XXXXXXXXXXXXXX19
 Italy (ITA)      11X2
 Japan (JPN)      1111XXXX6
 South Korea (KOR)      XXXXXX6
 Kenya (KEN)      XXXXXXX7
 Malaysia (MAS)      XXXXXXXXX9
 Mexico (MEX)      XX2
 Netherlands (NED)      11121211XXXXXXXXXXXXX14
 New Zealand (NZL)      XXXXXXXXXXX11
 Pakistan (PAK)      1916XXXXXXXXXXXXX15
 Poland (POL)      11XXXX5
 Rhodesia (RHO)      X1
 Spain (ESP)      1514XXXXXXXXXXXXXX16
 Singapore (SIN)      X1
 Soviet Union (URS)      XX2
 South Africa (RSA)      XXXX4
 Switzerland (SUI)      16131511X5
 Tanzania (TAN)      X1
 Unified Team (EUN)      X1
 Uganda (UGA)      X4
 United States (USA)      131414XXXX7
 Rhodesia (RHO)      X1
Nations 3 4 9 3 11 13 12
Field hockey players 66 52 137 39 161 187 144

* Four teams competed: England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.

See also

Footnotes

  1. There was no bronze medal match for the 1908 Games in London.
  2. 1 2 The 1920 tournament was played in a round-robin format, so there were no gold medal or bronze medal matches.
  3. 1 2 Only three teams participated in the 1932 tournament, so they played a round-robin format.
  4. The Unified Team of Germany was the combined team from West Germany and East Germany that competed together at the Olympic Games from 1956 to 1964. Then each country sent independent teams from 1968 to 1988.
  5. 1 2 Round-robin format play in 1980 for women's tournament
  6. Round Robin format use in 1984 women's tournament
  7. The final standings show both the United States and Australia were tied in points and had same margin in goal difference (both having scored 9 goals and conceded 7 goals), therefore a penalty stroke competition was played to decide the bronze medal winner, with the United States winning.
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