Flustrina

Flustrina Temporal range: Early Cretaceous–Recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Colony of Flustra foliacea (Flustridae)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Bryozoa
Class:	Gymnolaemata
Order:	Cheilostomata
Suborder:	Flustrina Smitt, 1868
Synonyms
Cellulariomorpha Neocheilostomina d'Hondt, 1985 (but see text)

Flustrina is a suborder under the order Cheilostomata of gymnolaematan Bryozoa (sea mats). The structure of the individual zooids is generally simple, a box-like chamber of calcium carbonate, the polypides reaching out through an uncalcified flexible frontal wall, often surrounded by numerous spines. Like in other gymnolaematans, their lophophore is protruded by muscles that pull on the frontal wall of the zooid.

In some treatments, the Flustrina are restricted to the superfamilies Calloporoidea and Flustroidea and ranked as infraorder alongside the Cellulariomorpha which contain the other three superfamilies. What here is considered the Fulstrina is then called the infraorder Neocheilostomina, and in a more radical variant also includes the Ascophora as another infraorder.^[1]

The families Fusicellariidae, Skyloniidae, Bicorniferidae, as well as the genera Hoeverella and Taeniocellaria are currently incertae sedis within the Flustrina.

Systematics

The superfamilies and families (and notable genera) are listed in the presumed phylogenetic sequence:^[2]

Basal or incertae sedis Genus Hoeverella Genus Taeniocellaria Family Calescharidae (Microporoidea?) Family Coscinopleuridae (Calloporoidea or Microporoidea) Family Fusicellariidae Family Skyloniidae Family Bicorniferidae Superfamily Calloporoidea Norman, 1903 Family Calloporidae Family Antroporidae Family Doryporellidae Family Chaperiidae Family Hiantoporidae Family Foveolariidae Family Quadricellariidae Family Bryopastoridae Family Vinculariidae Family Farciminariidae Family Tendridae Family Heliodomidae Family Cupuladriidae Superfamily Flustroidea Fleming, 1828 Family Flustridae Superfamily Buguloidea Gray, 1848 Family Bugulidae Family Rhabdozoidae Family Beaniidae Family Epistomiidae Family Euoplozoidae Family Candidae (= Cabereidae, Scrupocellariidae) Family Jubellidae (disputed)

Superfamily Microporoidea Gray, 1848 Family Microporidae Family Poricellariidae Family Setosellidae Family Selenariidae Family Otionellidae Family Lunulitidae Family Lunulariidae Family Onychocellidae Family Aspidostomatidae Family Steginoporellidae Family Thalamoporellidae Family Alysidiidae Family Chlidoniidae Family Monoporellidae Family Macroporidae Superfamily Cellarioidea Lamouroux, 1821 Family Cellariidae Family Membranicellariidae

See also

• Cauloramphus disjunctus
• Flustra foliacea

References

1. BryoZone (2004): Taxa Hierarchy
2. Phil Bock (January 15, 2009). "Systematic list of families of Bryozoa". Retrieved March 21, 2009.