Fort de Loyasse

Fort de Loyasse
Fort Blandan
Lyon

North Angle of fort de Loyasse
Fort de Loyasse
Fort Blandan
Coordinates 45°45′58″N 4°48′32″E / 45.766°N 4.809°E / 45.766; 4.809
Type Fort
Site history
Built 1840 (1840)

The Fort Loyasse is a fort built between 1836 and 1840. It is currently in the 9th district of Lyon and is part of the first belt of forts protecting Lyon.

The fort is a sister fort to Fort de Caluire (now destroyed), Fort Duchère (now destroyed) and Fort Saint-Jean.

History

The fort of Loyasse on a postcard at the beginning of the 20th century.

Built in 1836-1840 as a result of the July Revolution and fears of an invasion of France by Austria, the fort of Loyasse is intended to protect the city from invaders from the east. This fort and that of Vaise are located on the former walled area of the Py.

After the invention in 1858 of rifled bore, which replaced Smooth-bore, and which extended the reach of projectiles to 2,500m, and then melinite replacing gunpowder in 1885, which increased the blast of explosions, the forts of the Loyasse generation become obsolete.

The fort was used in World War I as housing for prisoners of war; for the Second World War it was occupied by the Germans. The fort was completely decommissioned by the military on October 15, 1947. Lyon acquired the land of the fort in 1949 from the fort auction for 1,200 000   francs and it served as a roads department's warehouse, a Glacis, and to arrange family gardens. The fort's underground temporarily served as a mushroom farm.

A barracks of the fort was destroyed in the 1960s to expand climb to the suburb of l'Observance ; some trenches allowed the construction of the boulevard linking the new district of Observance to Vaise in in 1961.

Architecture

Unlike many other forts of the first belt, Loyasse is designed as a mountain fort : the Glacis around the fort are very inclined.

The fort consisted of two superimposed platforms along the slope:

The functional range of smooth bore guns of Loyasse was 1,200m.

Altimetry

Altitude at entrance of the fort (389).

In the lower right part of the entrance of the Fort Saint-Irénée there is engraved the number 380 preceded by a horizontal line placed one meter above the ground, it was thought to be the altitude in feet which had for a reference a rule located on the quay of the Saône, near the Bonaparte bridge.[1]

The mode of calculation is difficult to understand as the number engraved on the entrance of Fort Loyasse (389) is more high than that of Fort Saint-Irénée (which has a plaque indicating 280m) to Loyasse's altitude of (271 m). A study by the ASSIL (SITES ASSOCIATION Loyasse) shows that the registered number is not in feet, but it is rather a negative altitude relative to the highest point of the area, calculated at 660m, corresponding perhaps to Fort Mont Verdun placed at 625m.

To back this up, other measures were taken by the members of this association with structures with an inscription of this type; the addition of engraved altitudes and identified through the IGN, either by the presence of a plate or from a plane always shows 660 m.

Name of fort Inscription Altitude IGN Inscription + Altitude IGN
Fort de la Vitriolerie 493 m 167,125 m 660 m
Fort de Vaise 450 m 210 m 660 m
Fort de Loyasse 389 m 271 m 660 m
Fort Saint-Irénée 380 m 280,173 m 660 m
Lunette du Fossoyeur 379 m 281 m 660 m

Media

The novel Le crime de Loyasse de Bernard Domeyne[2] starts with the fictional story of a body discovered in the fort.

A scene of the film Lucie Aubrac (1997) by Claude Berri has been linked to the fort de Loyasse.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Bourrust, Bernard (March 2004), Association Culturelle des Sanctuaires de Saint-Irénée et Saint-Just, ed., Le site du fort Saint-Irénée de Lyon: à travers les âges (in French), Lyon, p. 29, ISSN 1266-8303
  2. ↑ Domeyne, Bernard (14 October 2010), APARIS, ed., Le crime de Loyasse: une enquête de Addamah & Manset (in French), Saint-Denis, ISBN 2812137436
  3. ↑ "Lucie Aubrac". Retrieved 14 February 2012.

Bibliography


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Wednesday, November 04, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.