Fort du Bruissin

Fort du Bruissin
Part of Fortifications of Lyon, Séré de Rivières system
Metz, France
Fort du Bruissin
Coordinates 45°43′50″N 4°44′19″E / 45.730532°N 4.738508°E / 45.730532; 4.738508
Type Fort
Site information
Owner Commune de Francheville
Controlled by France
Open to
the public		 Yes
Condition Restored as cultural center
Site history
Built 1878 (1878)
Materials Stone, concrete

The Fort du Bruissin is a fort in Francheville, France, near the city of Lyon. Built between 1878 and 1881, the fort is part of the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications built in the late 19th century. It has been rehabilitated as a contemporary artists' community. The Fort en Jazz festival is held there each year.[1]

Concept and design

The Fort de Bruissin is located about 8.5 kilometres (5.3 mi) to the southeast of the center of Lyon. Lyon's original protective ring of forts was built in the 1830s at a distance from the city just beyond the range of the artillery of the era, thus denying a potential attacker the means to bombard Lyon. With the introduction of rifled artillery, the range increased, placing the city once again into jeopardy. In the 1870s a second ring of forts was built father out to deal with the extended range of artillery. Work on the second ring of eighteen forts was complete by 1893.[2] The Fort du Bruissin was number 13 in the Army's numerical designation of the forts of Lyon.[3]

The Fort de Bruissin is a six-sided polygon, with masonry walls surrounded by a defended ditch. The most striking feature of the fort is its entry court, reached through a gatehouse at the head of a bridge over the ditch. A two-level vaulted barracks faces the gatehouse across the court, covered with earth. A terrace or cavalier on top of the barracks was shielded by an earth rampart. The fort was primarily armed with a mixture of 155mm and 120mm guns. located on the cavalier within the walls of the fort. Close-in defense was provided by revolving cannons in large caponiers at the corners of the fort, reached by subterranean passages.[2] The fort was initially manned by 294 men, serving a total of thirty artillery pieces.[4]

History

The Fort du Bruissin is part of the second ring of the fortifications of Lyon. During the first world war the fort was a training center for future officers. During the Second World War, the fort was occupied by the Germans, who used it as an ammunition depot and headquarters.

In 1981 the fort was sold to the commune of Francheville. In 1988 the entry was renovated, followed by the barracks in 1989. In 1991 the fort became a community of contemporary artists. It has been the home of the Fort en Jazz festival since 1990.[2]

Arts center

The fort now functions as a center for visual and performing arts. The 10-hectare (25-acre) grounds are a community park and nature preserve. Approximately 3000 square meters of space is available within the fort, with about 800 square meters of exhibition space.[5] A venue for the performing arts is located behind the barracks, to accommodate up to 2000 spectators.[6]

Source

Photographs

References

  1. ↑ http://www.mairie-francheville69.fr/vc_page38.php page de la mairie sur le fort
  2. 1 2 3 "Les fortifications de Lyon" (in French). Ville de Francheville. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
  3. ↑ Puelinckx, Jean; Aublet, Jean-Louis; Mainguin, Sylvie (2010). "Lyon (place de)". Index de la fortification française 1874-1914 (in French). fortiff.be. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
  4. ↑ Puelinckx, Jean; Aublet, Jean-Louis; Mainguin, Sylvie (2010). "Bruissin (fort du)". Index de la fortification française 1874-1914 (in French). fortiff.be. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
  5. ↑ "Fort du Bruissin - Centre d'art contemporain" (PDF) (in French). Ville de Francheville. 2009. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
  6. ↑ "Le Fort du Beuissin" (in French). Mairie de Francheville. Retrieved 19 April 2010.

External links

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