Frederick Whyte

For those of a similar name, see Frederick White.
Frederick Whyte

Sir Alexander Frederick Whyte KCSI (1883–1970) was a British civil servant, Liberal Party politician, writer, and journalist.

From 1920 to 1925 he served as the first President of the new Central Legislative Assembly of British India.

Biography

Alexander Frederick Whyte was born on 30 September 1883, the second of eight children, and eldest son born to the Reverend Alexander Whyte DD, and Jane Elizabeth Barbour, who married in 1881.

Whyte attended Edinburgh Academy and read modern languages at Jena University and at Edinburgh University, graduating with a first class. During this time he was President of Edinburgh University Union, and after graduation was warden of the Edinburgh University Settlement in 1907–8.[1][2]

He entered Parliament as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Perth (1910–1918), during which time he had been parliamentary private secretary (1910–1915) to Winston Churchill,[3] who was Home Secretary (1910–1911), and then First Lord of the Admiralty (1911–15) at the time. During the Great War, Whyte was a lieutenant in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve on special service (1914–17).[4]

He was appointed the first President of the Central Legislative Assembly in India (1920–25). He then took on ambassadorial roles; as political advisor to the National Government of China (1929–32), Director General of the English-Speaking Union (1938), and Head of the American division of the Ministry of Information (1939–40).

He was also involved in journalism, as the founder and editor of The New Europe (1917–1920), a well-known weekly read by political leaders and students,[5] and was the author of numerous books discussing the politics and economics of the Orient.

Aside from these political roles, Sir Frederick was Chairman of the Indian Red Cross Society (1923) and Reindeer Council of the United Kingdom, as well as being a member of the Athenaeum Club, founded in Liverpool in the late 18th century for the exchange of ideas.[6]

Sir Alexander Frederick was knighted in 1922, and in 1925 a Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India was conferred in Birthday Honours. Though gazetted on 3 June 1925 as Sir Alexander Whyte, he may have adopted the use of his middle name to avoid confusion with a Sir Alexander Whyte employed as a government botanist under the British administration in Nyasaland (now Malawi), where he established Zomba Botanic Garden between 1891 and 1895.[7]

It is unclear what involvement in public life Sir Frederick played following 1940. He was no longer at the Ministry of Information, but there is reference to him as Chairman of the recently founded Reindeer Council of the United Kingdom in the Nature of November 1949, following proposals to introduce reindeer to Britain.[8]

Further correspondence suggests that as late as 1958, Sir Frederick still had some association with the Indian Red Cross and St. John Ambulance Association and Brigade.[9] A passenger list of that year reveals that Sir Alexander and Lady Fairweather Whyte set sail from Tenerife to England by first class, and Sir Alexander is described as a director.[10]

In 1927, Sir Frederick sat for the photographer Walter Stoneman (1876–1958), and the bromide print along with two negatives remain part of the National Portrait Gallery’s collection.[11]

Family

Alexander Frederick married Margaret Emily Fairweather, the eldest daughter of the Reverend W. Fairweather DD of Kirkcaldy, in 1912, with whom he had three children:

Sir Ernest Burdon (1881–1957), a fellow member of the Indian Civil Service, was Sir Frederick Whyte’s brother-in-law on account of Sir Ernest’s second marriage, to Mary Isabella, daughter of Rev W. Fairweather, in 1922.[6]

Publications

References

  1. ↑ Macaulay, A. B. (2004). "Sir (Alexander) Frederick Whyte (1883–1970)". Oxford DNB. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/56870. Retrieved 28 May 2014.
  2. ↑ Catto, Iain (1989). 'No spirits and precious few women': Edinburgh University Union 1889-1989. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Union. p. 116.
  3. ↑ p40, The Letters of Arnold Stephenson Rowntree - Liberal MP for York and member of the Quaker family of confectioners
  4. ↑ Who’s Who (1927)
  5. ↑ http://murphylibrary.uwlax.edu/digital/uwl/racquet/1932_1933/I004.PDF
  6. 1 2 Who's Who
  7. ↑ http://www.sabonet.org.za/gardens/gardens_malawi.htm
  8. ↑ "Reindeer Council of the United Kingdom". Nature 164: 776–777. doi:10.1038/164776e0.
  9. ↑ p138 Dr Rajendra Prasad Correspondence and Select Documents, 30 July, 6 August
  10. ↑ movinghere.org.uk, record from National Archives[PRO/BT26/1412/8151]
  11. ↑ Portraits of Frederick Whyte at the National Portrait Gallery, London
  12. ↑ According to Who’s Who seems to have died between 1950 and 1951.
  13. ↑ http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/ANGUS/1999-11/0941746162

Sources

External links

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
Sir Robert Pullar		 Member of Parliament for Perth
January 1910 –1918 		Succeeded by
William Young
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Sunday, April 17, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.