French brig Nettuno (1807)

Nettuno
History
France
Name: Nettuno
Namesake: Neptune
Builder: Venice
Laid down: December 1806
Launched: 12 April 1807
Captured: 1 June 1808
History
UK
Name: Cretan
Acquired: 1 June 1808 by capture
Fate: Sold 29 September 1814
General characteristics [1][2]
Displacement: 360 tons
Tons burthen: 344 19⁄94 (bm)
Length:
  • 95 ft 3 in (29.03 m) (overall)
  • 76 ft 6 in (23.32 m) (keel)
Beam: 29 ft 1 in (8.86 m)
Draught: 3.55 m (11.6 ft) (unloaded)
Depth of hold: 13 ft 11 in (4.24 m)
Sail plan: Brig
Complement:
  • French service:112
  • British service:100
Armament:
  • French service: 14 x 24-pounder carronades + 2 x 6 or 12-pounder chase guns
  • British service:14 x 24-pounder carronades + 2 x 9-pounder chase guns

Nettuno was a French Illyrien or Friedland-class brig built at Venice and launched in June 1807. HMS Unite captured her a year later off Zara. The Royal Navy took her into service as HMS Cretan. She served in the Mediterranean. She was sold in 1814.

French brig

Nettuno was launched in April 1807 with Eugène de Beauharnais in attendance. She was at Venice in November, and Lesina and Ancona in May 1808.[1]

Capture

Unite took shelter from a gale between 28 and 31 July under Lusin on the Dalmatian coast. Late in the afternoon of the 31st, near Premuda, she sighted three enemy naval brigs. Captain Campbell set out in chase and around 3am found himself with in two miles of two of the brigs. Suddenly he sighted he saw the third; Unite steered to pass by the third and while within pistol-shot, gave the brig a broadside, which caused the brig to surrender without a shot being fired, her crew having taken refuge below decks. Unite sent boats that secured the brig and then set out after her two companions. There was little wind so the brigs made use of their sweeps and it was only around 7a.m. that Unite was able to catch up with the larger, and more laggardly of the brigs. This vessel, seeing no chance to escape, fired a broadside, struck her colours, and ran onto the shore, where Unite took possession. The third brig escaped. The two captured brigs turned out to be Nettuno and Teulié, both of sixteen "Thirty-Two-Pounders, Brass Carronades", and 115 men each. The brigs had been sent to find and take Unite, the French having heard that she had so many men sick that she would be easy prey. Although Unite had no casualties, the two French brigs were less fortunate. Nettuno had seven men killed, two drowned, and 13 wounded; Teuliè had five men killed and 16 wounded.[3]

HMS Cretan

The Royal Navy commissioned Nettuno in the Mediterranean as Cretan, under Commander Charles F. Payne. He would remain her commander throughout her service.[2]

Between 13 July and 1 December 1809 Cretan was at Sheerness, undergoing repairs.[2]

Cretan participated in the unsuccessful Walcheren Campaign, a British expedition to the Netherlands in 1809 intended to open another front in the Austrian Empire's struggle with France during the War of the Fifth Coalition. Around 40,000 soldiers, 15,000 horses together with field artillery and two siege trains crossed the North Sea and landed at Walcheren on 30 July. This was the largest British expedition of that year, larger than the army serving in the Peninsular War in Portugal. The campaign involved little fighting, but heavy losses from the sickness popularly dubbed "Walcheren Fever". Over 4,000 British troops died (only 106 in combat) and the rest withdrew on 9 December 1809. During the withdrawal operations, Commodore G.W.C.R. Owen, who was in actual command, shifted his pennant to Cretan the better to oversee the operations.[4]

After the Walcharen Campaign Cretan served in the North Sea and Baltic.[2]

On 28 October 1810 Cretan captured the Danish privateer Neptune. Neptune was armed with five guns, had a crew of 24 men, and had left Schelling the day before; she had taken no prizes before Cretan captured her.[5] Neptune arrived at Dover on 7 November.[6]

Cretan and Desiree shared in the proceeds of the capture, on 25 December 1811, of the Vrow Alida.[7]

Between 29 July and 4 August 1812, Musquito captured several Dutch fishing boats: Gute Verwagting, Tobie Maria, Jonge Maria, Jeannette, Femme Elizabeth, Hoop (alias Esperance), and the Rondwich. By agreement, Musquito shared the prize money with Desiree, Banterer and Cretan.[8]

On 17 September Indefatigable, Hearty, Desiree, Drake, Primrose, and Cretan shared in the capture of the Dankbarheide.[9] When the gun-brig Hearty detained the Prussian vessel Friede on 29 September, Indefatigable, Desiree, Primrose, Cretan, Drake, were either in company or sharing by agreement.[10]

Cretan captured two fishing boats, the Harmonie and the Stadt Embden on 16 January 1813.[Note 1]

Then on 28 February Cretan captured the Erineron, Nessen, master, which had been sailing from Bergen to Stettin, and sent her into Yarmouth.[12][13]

Cretan and Leveret were in company on 12 March and so shared in the proceeds of the capture of the Danish vessel Aurora.[14] Two days later, Cretan captured the Anna Brauer.[15] That same day Prospero captured the Najaden, and later Cretan and Raven shared in the proceeds by agreement.[16]

On 1 March 1814, Antelope and a Russian frigate forced the channel between Flushing and Cadsand, but Antelope then grounded off the Hoogplaat. She was stuck for 41 hours,. For 36 of those hours Nymphen, Banterer, and Cretan protected her and worked to free her. Eventually, a tide floated Antelope off.[17]

Fate

Commander Payne received promotion to post-captain on 7 June 1814.[18] The Principal Officers and Commissioners of the Navy offered the "Cretan sloop, of 344 tons", lying at Deptford for sale on 29 September 1814.[19] Cretan sold on that day for £1020.[2]

Notes, citations, and references

Notes
  1. ↑ A first-class share of the prize money was worth £57 5s 2½d; a sixth-class share, that of an ordinary seaman, was worth £1 8s 3¾d, or about five weeks' wages.[11]
Citations
  1. 1 2 Winfield and Roberts (2015), p. 219.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Winfield (2008), p. 319.
  3. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16171. pp. 1107–1108. 13 August 1808.
  4. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16328. pp. 2056–2057. 26 December 1809.
  5. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16421. p. 1750. 3 November 1810.
  6. ↑ Lloyd's List, no. 4509, - accessed 27 February 2015.
  7. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16766. p. 1668. 21 August 1813.
  8. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16712. p. 557. 16 March 1813.
  9. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16881. p. 767. 9 April 1814.
  10. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16745. p. 1252. 26 June 1813.
  11. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 17027. p. 1197. 20 June 1815.
  12. ↑ Lloyd's List, no.4753, - accessed 27 February 2015.
  13. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16828. p. 2609. 21 December 1813.
  14. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16810. p. 2310. 20 November 1813.
  15. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16823. p. 2497. 11 December 1813.
  16. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16850. p. 240. 29 January 1814.
  17. ↑ Marshall (1835), Vol. 4, Part 2, p.37.
  18. ↑ Marshall (1829), Supplement, Part 3, p.275.
  19. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16935. p. 1880. 17 September 1814.
References
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