French submarine Rubis

A French postcard of sister ship Topaze in Toulon during a naval review
History
France
Name:	Topaze
Namesake:	Topaz
Builder:	Arsenal de Cherbourg
Laid down:	October 1903
Launched:	27 June 1907
Completed:	11 December 1909
Struck:	12 November 1919
Identification:	Pennant number: Q43
Fate:	Sold for scrap, 10 May 1921
General characteristics
Class & type:	Émeraude-class submarine
Displacement:	394 t (388 long tons) (surfaced) 427 t (420 long tons) (submerged)
Length:	44.9 m (147 ft 4 in) (o/a)
Beam:	3.9 m (12 ft 10 in)
Draft:	3.8 m (12 ft 6 in)
Installed power:	600 PS (440 kW; 590 bhp) (diesels) 600 PS (electric motors)
Propulsion:	2 × shafts; 2 × diesel engines 2 × electric motors
Speed:	11.25 knots (20.84 km/h; 12.95 mph) (surfaced) 8.5 knots (15.7 km/h; 9.8 mph) (submerged)
Range:	2,000 nmi (3,700 km; 2,300 mi) at 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph) surfaced 100 nmi (190 km; 120 mi) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) submerged
Test depth:	40 m (130 ft)
Complement:	2 officers and 23 crewmen
Armament:	6 × 450 mm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes (4 × bow, 2 × stern)

Rubis was one of six Émeraude-class submarines built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century.

Citations

Bibliography

• Couhat, Jean Labayle (1974). French Warships of World War I. London: Ian Allen. ISBN 0-7110-0445-5.
• Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
• Garier, Gérard (2002). A l'épreuve de la Grande Guerre. L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French) 3–2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-81-5.
• Garier, Gérard (1998). Des Émeraude (1905-1906) au Charles Brun (1908–1933). L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French) 2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-34-3.