National Front (Belgium)
| National Front | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Leader | Patrick Cocriamont |
| Founded | 1985 |
| Dissolved | 2012 |
| Headquarters |
National Secretariat rue Tourette 100 Charleroi |
| Ideology | Nationalism |
| Political position | Far-right |
| European affiliation | Alliance of European National Movements |
| International affiliation | None |
| European Parliament group | None |
| Website | |
| http://www.fn.be/ | |
|
Politics of Belgium Political parties Elections | |
The National Front (French: Front national) was a francophone Belgian far-right political party. The party's ideology advocated a strong unitary Belgian nationalism, strongly opposed immigration, and reached out to Flemish voters.
The party's acting leader was Patrick Cocriamont.
In the 2003 federal election, it won one seat in the Chamber of Representatives, with 2% of the vote. It also has two seats in the Senate. A 2006 poll showed that it had the backing of about 9.4% of the Walloon voters.[1] Despite this poll it won in the 10 June 2007 federal elections, 1 out of 150 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 1 out of 40 seats in the Senate.
Development
The FN was established by Daniel Féret, a former member of Jeune Europe who subsequently was active with the populist Union Democratique du Travail.[2] The party clashed with the Party of New Forces (PFN) from its foundation as Féret sought to distance his group from the far-right but despite his efforts a number of extremist activists soon joined the FN.[2] The party's ideology soon became one of ultra-nationalism, xenophobia, racism and anti-Flemish sentiment, combined with a strong support for neo-liberal economics.[2] They also looked to their French namesake and followed many of their ideas, although the interest was not reciprocated as Jean-Marie Le Pen generally looked elsewhere in Belgium for allies.[2] In 1989 a number of PFN members switched to the FN due to internal difficulties in their party and as a result the FN again shifted policy, abandoning its earlier pro-NATO stance in favour opposition to both the USA and the Soviet Union.[2]
After electing some local councillors in 1988 and 1989 the FN made a surprise breakthrough at the 1991 election by getting a member elected to parliament.[3] The election caused a furore in Belgium and the other parties declared a Cordon sanitaire around the party.[3] In response the FN adopted a more anti-establishment and anti-politics attitude, which struck a chord with some voters, resulting in the party sending a member to the European parliament in 1994 and returning two members of parliament in 1995.[4]
Despite these successes the FN was in a state of turmoil due to personality clashes and internal ideological differences, precipitating a long court case between two factions, both claiming use of the FN name.[5] With most of their elected representatives leaving the part, the FN appeared moribund until in 1997 Agir, a far-right party with support in Liège, merged into them following internal difficulties of their own. With the influx of new members they were able to regroup for the 1999 elections, gaining a new member of the Senate and three embers of the regional parliament.[5]
Brussels Appeals Court conviction
The party's original leader, Daniel Féret, was sentenced to 250 hours of community service on April 18, 2006, for the incitement of hatred, discrimination and segregation in the party's flyers and website.[1][6] He is also barred from running for political office for 10 years. The webmaster of the National Front site was also convicted, and barred for 7 years. Their convictions were upheld by a superior court in October 2006.
2006 elections
In Wallonia, members of the National Front could not compete using the party name during the 2006 municipal elections, because the party failed to use the correct electoral procedure. In Brussels, the National Front competed under its acronym: FN.[7]
Election results (1985–2010)
| Election year | # of total votes | % of overall vote | # of seats won |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 3,738 | 0.1% | 0 |
| 1987 | 7,596 | 0.1% | 0 |
| 1991 | 64,992 | 1.1% | 1 |
| 1995 | 138,496 | 2.3% | 2 |
| 1999 | 90,401 | 1.5% | 1 |
| 2003 | 130,012 | 1.98% | 1 |
| 2007 | 131,385 | 1.97% | 1 |
| 2010 | 33,591 | 0.51% | 0 |
| Election year | # of votes | % of vote | # of seats won |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 4,201 | 0.1% | 0 |
| 1987 | 8,186 | 0.6% | 0 |
| 1987 | 60,876 | 1.0% | 0 |
| 1995 | – | – | – |
| 1999 | 92,924 | 1.5% | 0 |
| 2003 | 147,305 | 2.25% | 1 |
| 2007 | 150,461 | 2.27% | 1 |
| 2010 | – | – | – |
| Election year | # of votes | % of vote | # of seats won |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | 175,732 | 2.9% | 1 |
| 1999 | 94,848 | 1.52% | 0 |
| 2004 | 181,351 | 2.79% | 0 |
References
- 1 2 "Far-right boss to help immigrants". BBC News. 2006-04-18. Retrieved 2010-06-19.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Piero Ignazi, Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe, Oxford University Press, 2006, p. 129
- 1 2 Ignazi, Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe, p. 130
- ↑ Ignazi, Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe, pp. 130-131
- 1 2 Ignazi, Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe, p. 131
- ↑ Archived March 12, 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Archived March 11, 2007 at the Wayback Machine
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