Fulbeck

Fulbeck

Church of St Nicholas, Fulbeck
Fulbeck
 Fulbeck shown within Lincolnshire
Population 513 (2011)
OS grid referenceSK949501
   – London 105 mi (169 km)  S
DistrictSouth Kesteven
Shire countyLincolnshire
RegionEast Midlands
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post town Grantham
Postcode district NG32
Dialling code 01400
Police Lincolnshire
Fire Lincolnshire
Ambulance East Midlands
EU Parliament East Midlands
UK ParliamentSleaford and North Hykeham
List of places
UK
England
Lincolnshire

Coordinates: 53°02′25″N 0°35′08″W / 53.040405°N 0.585611°W / 53.040405; -0.585611

Fulbeck is a small village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population (including Byards Leap) taken at the 2011 census was 513.[1] I t is situated on the A607, 9 miles (14 km) north from Grantham and 8 miles (13 km) north-west from Sleaford. To the north is Leadenham, and to the south, Caythorpe.

Toponymy

The place-name 'Fulbeck' is mentioned in an 11th-century document as "Fulebec".[2][3] It derives from Old Norse fúll or Old Danish full "dirty", "stinking" (cognate of Old English fūl > English foul) and bekkr "stream".[4]

Homonymy with Fuhlbek (Germany, Schleswig-Holstein)[5] and Foulbec (France, Upper Normandy, Folebec 1066).[3] and three stream-names in the three départements of Orne, Calvados and Manche (Lower Normandy).

Fulbeck represents the Scandinavian version of the English place-names (and stream-names) Fulbrook.

History

Fulbeck Grade I listed Anglican church is dedicated to St Nicholas.[6] Originating from the 10th century, there were further additions and changes up to the 18th.[6] The church, which was restored in 1888, retains a variety of styles from Norman to Perpendicular, and a Transitional-Norman font. The tower has eight crocketed pinnacles, and within the church are many monuments to the Fane family of Fulbeck Hall.[7]

In 1885 Kelly's Directory recorded that the chief crops grown in the area were wheat, barley, seeds and turnips, and that the village had both a Wesleyan and a Primitive Methodist chapel, and an ancient cross.[8] The base and shaft are all that remains of the 14th-century cross.[9]

The village public house is the Hare and Hounds, a Grade II listed building originating from the 17th century.[10]

In 1986 the former airfield of RAF Fulbeck was considered by the United Kingdom government body, NIREX, as one possible site for an underground deep storage facility for the country's nuclear waste. Geological investigations took place but plans for the facility were abandoned in 1987. The RAF station was used from October 1944 until the end of the war by two Lancaster squadrons, one of which was 189 Squadron.

Fulbeck Hall

Fulbeck Hall

Fulbeck Hall, the home of the Fane family since 1632, has been much altered. It is now mostly built in the classically inspired style of the 18th century, however there is a Tudor wing at the back of the hall and large Tudor cellars.

The hall was purchased, in 1622, by Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland, 8th Baron le Despenser and de jure 8th and 6th Baron Bergavenny, of Apethorpe Hall, Northamtonshire, from Sir George Manners, who remained in residence until he became the 7th Earl of Rutland in 1632.[11] The hall then went to the Earl of Westmorland's son, Sir Francis Fane,[11] a courtier, Royalist and commander of the King's forces at Doncaster and Lincoln.

Under the Commonwealth, the estate was confiscated, however, Sir Francis Fane was allowed to buy it back, and before the Restoration of Charles II in 1660, he and his wife Elizabeth Darcy, daughter of Sir Edward Darcy MP, grandson of the executed traitor Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy de Darcy, occupied much of their time in rebuilding the Hall in Restoration style. It was burned down 30 December 1731,[11] and was rebuilt 1732-1733, with only the back wings and cellars surviving from the early 17th century.

The Fane (Neville inspired) crest in Fulbeck's church.

His son, also Sir Francis, married Hannah Rushworth daughter of John Rushworth MP and private secretary to Oliver Cromwell . Rushworth was a republican and historian who is credited with drafting the Bill that abolished the monarchy, House of Lords and established England as a Republic, and many of his works and words were used by Thomas Jefferson when he drafted the American Declaration of Independence.

In 1767 Fulbeck Hall was left to Henry Fane of Brympton owner of Brympton d'Evercy who was a grandson of Sir Francis Fane, the second of Fulbeck and Hannah Rushworth. Henry Fane of Brymton made a fortune as a successful Bristol privateer and he left his Wormesley estates in Oxfordshire to his younger son Henry and his estates in Somerset, Dorset, and Lincolnshire were left to his eldest son Thomas Fane, 8th Earl of Westmorland Thomas, 8th earl inherited the estates of his father and his cousin the 7th Earl making him one of the richest landowners in England. He left Fulbeck Hall to his younger son the Hon Henry Fane MP in 1783. He was a clerk in the Treasury before in 1772 he became Keeper of the King's Private Roads, Gates and Bridges.

Elizabethan gateway near Fulbeck Hall

the Hon. Henry Fane MP followed a long list of Fanes as Members of Parliament for Lyme Regis the families pocket borough inherited from an uncle, John Scrope MP, Secretary to the Treasury and grandson of the executed regicide Colonel Adrian Scrope. The constituency at times provided the Fanes with two members of parliament at the same time and between 1753 and 1832 twelve separate members of the family represented Lyme Regis in the Tory interest. Throughout this period the Fane family also represented Constituencies in Somerset, Lincolnshire, Kent, Hampshire, Northamptonshire and Oxfordshire. In 1777 Henry Fane married Anne Buckley Batson, heiress of the Avon Tyrrell estate in Hampshire, by whom he had 14 children. In 1784 they occupied Fulbeck and enlarged and refurnished it, adding a new north wing.

During the 19th century the house was home to General Sir Henry Fane MP for Lyme Regis who was Commander-in-Chief, India as well as his brother General Mildmay Fane. Sir Henry bequeathed a life interest in the estate to his eldest son Col. Henry Fane(d.1836).[12] His nephew General Walter Fane who raised Fane's Horse a regiment of volunteers to fight in China during the Second Opium War succeeded him at Fulbeck Hall. This regiment still exists as part of Pakistan's armed forces. General Walter Fane is not to be confused with his brother Colonel Francis Fane of Fulbeck Manor, who raised the Peshawar Light Horse in 1857 as an irregular cavalry unit to fight against the mutineers during the Indian Mutiny. This regiment was disbanded in 1903. In the early 20th century the house was home to Colonel William Vere Reeve King-Fane.

During the Second World War 1939-1945 the house was requisitioned by the British Armed Forces and it was the location of the 1st Airborne Division before they left the United Kingdom for the Battle of Arnhem. There is still an Arnhem Museum at the house commemorating the soldiers based in the house during the war.

Many of the contents of Fulbeck Hall were sold by Sotheby's in October 2002. Included in the sale were letters and mementos given by the Duke of Wellington to two members of the Fane family - Harriet Fane, (better known as the early 19th-century diarist Mrs Arbuthnot) and her cousin Lady Georgiana Fane.

References

  1. ↑ "Civil parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 24 April 2016.
  2. ↑ Smith, Albert Hugh; English Place-names Elements, 2 volumes, Cambridge, 1972.
  3. 1 2 De Beaurepaire, François; Les noms des communes et anciennes paroisses de l'Eure, éditions Picard 1981. p. 112
  4. ↑ Hoad, T. F.; English Etymology, Oxford University Press, 1993. pp. 36, 180
  5. ↑ Laur, W. Historisches Ortsnamenlexikon von Schleswig-Holstein, Karl Wachholtz Verlag, 1992. p. 261
  6. 1 2 Historic England. "Church of St Nicholas (1166164)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 3 August 2011.
  7. ↑ Cox, J. Charles (1916) Lincolnshire pp. 132, 133; Methuen & Co. Ltd
  8. ↑ Kelly's Directory of Lincolnshire with the port of Hull 1885, p. 401
  9. ↑ Historic England. "Cross and Base Shaft (1360293)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 3 August 2011.
  10. ↑ Historic England. "Hare and Hounds Public House (1309001)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 3 August 2011.
  11. 1 2 3 Mildmay Fane Earl of Westmorland (2001). The Poetry of Mildmay Fane, Second Earl of Westmoreland: From the Fulbeck, Harvard and Westmoreland Manuscripts. Manchester University Press. p. 441. ISBN 978-0-7190-5984-1.
  12. ↑ Lincolnshire Archives 1 FANE 5/37/2, will of Col. Henry Fane

Further reading

External links

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