Gömör és Kishont County

Gömör-Kishont County
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
1786–1920

Coat of arms

Capital Rimaszombat
48°23′N 20°1′E / 48.383°N 20.017°E / 48.383; 20.017Coordinates: 48°23′N 20°1′E / 48.383°N 20.017°E / 48.383; 20.017
History
 • Established 1786
 • Treaty of Trianon 4 June 1920
Area
 • 1910 4,279 km2 (1,652 sq mi)
Population
 • 1910 188,100 
Density 44 /km2  (113.9 /sq mi)
Today part of Slovakia, Hungary
Rimavská Sobota is the current name of the capital.

Gömör-Kishont (Hungarian: Gömör és Kishont, Slovak: Gemer a Malohont, German: Gemer und Kleinhont) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its capital was Rimaszombat (Rimavská Sobota). Its territory is now in southern Slovakia and northern Hungary.

Geography

Around 1910, Gömör-Kishont county shared borders with the counties Zólyom (Zvolen), Liptó (Liptov), Szepes (Spiš), Abaúj-Torna (Abov-Turňa), Borsod, Heves and Nógrád (Novohrad). It was situated in Slovenské rudohorie approximately between the present-day Slovak-Hungarian border, the towns Poltár and Rožňava and the Low Tatras (Nízke Tatry). The river Slaná flowed through the county. Its area was 4,279 km² around 1910.

Map of Gömör-Kishont county in the Kingdom of Hungary (1891)
Map of Gömör-Kishont, 1891.

History

The county Gömör-Kishont was a combination of the counties Gömör (Gemer) and Kishont (Malohont). It existed from 1786 until the end of World War I, with an interruption from 1790 until 1802. Gömör is one of the oldest counties of the Kingdom of Hungary, and was already mentioned in the 11th century. Kishont is the territory approximately between the towns Tisovec and Rimavská Sobota. Counties of Gömör and Kishont was part of Ottoman Empire between 1541–1595 and 1605–1687.

In the aftermath of World War I, most of Gömör-Kishont county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia, as recognized by the concerned states in the 1920 Treaty of Trianon. The area around Putnok became part of the Hungarian county Borsod-Gömör-Kishont (currently part of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén). The Czechoslovak part of the county was part of the Slovak Land (Slovenská krajina/zem).

Following the provisions of the controversial First Vienna Award, most of the Czechoslovak part came under Hungarian control in November 1938. The Gömör-Kishont county was recreated. The small northernmost part that remained in Slovak hands (a.o. the towns Dobšiná and Revúca) became part of the new Hron county (Pohronská župa). The Trianon borders were restored after World War II. Since 1993, when Czechoslovakia was split, Gemer and Malohont have been part of Slovakia, and since 1996 divided between the Košice region and the Banská Bystrica region.

Demographics

Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).

In 1900, the county had a population of 183,784 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[1]

Total:

According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[2]

Total:

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Gömör-Kishont/Gemer-Malohont county were:

Districts (járás)
District Capital
FeledFeled, SK Jesenské
GaramvölgyNándorvölgy, SK Vaľkovňa
NagyrőceJolsva, SK Jelšava
PutnokPutnok
RatkóRatkó, SK Ratková
RimaszombatNyustya, SK Hnúšťa
RozsnyóRozsnyó, SK Rožňava
TornaljaTornalja, SK Tornaľa
Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Dobsina, SK Dobšiná
Jolsva, SK Jelšava
Nagyrőce, SK Revúca
Rimaszombat, SK Rimavská Sobota
Rozsnyó, SK Rožňava

Putnok is now in Hungary; all other named towns are now in Slovakia.

References

  1. ↑ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-12-06.
  2. ↑ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-12-06.
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