G6PC2

Glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic, 2
Identifiers
Symbols	G6PC2 ; IGRP
External IDs	OMIM: 608058 MGI: 1277193 HomoloGene: 41423 GeneCards: G6PC2 Gene
EC number	3.1.3.9
Gene ontology Molecular function • glucose-6-phosphatase activity Cellular component • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • membrane • integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane Biological process • carbohydrate metabolic process • gluconeogenesis • protein dephosphorylation • hexose transport • glucose transport • glucose homeostasis • small molecule metabolic process • regulation of insulin secretion • glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process • transmembrane transport Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	57818	14378
Ensembl	ENSG00000152254	ENSMUSG00000005232
UniProt	Q9NQR9	Q9Z186
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001081686	NM_001289856
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001075155	NP_001276785
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 168.9 – 168.91 Mb	Chr 2: 69.21 – 69.23 Mb
PubMed search

Glucose-6-phosphatase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the G6PC2 gene.^[1][2][3]

Function

This gene encodes an enzyme belonging to the glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit family. These enzymes are part of a multicomponent integral membrane system that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate, the terminal step in gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic pathways, allowing the release of glucose into the bloodstream. The family member encoded by this gene is found in pancreatic islets and does not exhibit phosphohydrolase activity, but it is a major target of cell-mediated autoimmunity in diabetes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their biological validity has not been determined.^[3]

References

1. Arden SD, Zahn T, Steegers S, Webb S, Bergman B, O'Brien RM, Hutton JC (Mar 1999). "Molecular cloning of a pancreatic islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein". Diabetes 48 (3): 531–42. doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.3.531. PMID 10078553.
2. Ebert DH, Bischof LJ, Streeper RS, Chapman SC, Svitek CA, Goldman JK, Mathews CE, Leiter EH, Hutton JC, O'Brien RM (Mar 1999). "Structure and promoter activity of an islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related gene". Diabetes 48 (3): 543–51. doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.3.543. PMID 10078554.
3. "Entrez Gene: G6PC2 glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic, 2".

Further reading

• Martin CC, Bischof LJ, Bergman B, Hornbuckle LA, Hilliker C, Frigeri C, Wahl D, Svitek CA, Wong R, Goldman JK, Oeser JK, Leprêtre F, Froguel P, O'Brien RM, Hutton JC (2001). "Cloning and characterization of the human and rat islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP) genes.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (27): 25197–207. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101549200. PMID 11297555.
• Lieberman SM, Evans AM, Han B, Takaki T, Vinnitskaya Y, Caldwell JA, Serreze DV, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF, Nathenson SG, Santamaria P, DiLorenzo TP (2003). "Identification of the beta cell antigen targeted by a prevalent population of pathogenic CD8+ T cells in autoimmune diabetes.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (14): 8384–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.0932778100. PMC 166238. PMID 12815107.
• Petrolonis AJ, Yang Q, Tummino PJ, Fish SM, Prack AE, Jain S, Parsons TF, Li P, Dales NA, Ge L, Langston SP, Schuller AG, An WF, Tartaglia LA, Chen H, Hong SB (2004). "Enzymatic characterization of the pancreatic islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase-related protein (IGRP).". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (14): 13976–83. doi:10.1074/jbc.M307756200. PMID 14722102.
• Shieh JJ, Pan CJ, Mansfield BC, Chou JY (2004). "The islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase-related protein, implicated in diabetes, is a glycoprotein embedded in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.". FEBS Lett. 562 (1–3): 160–4. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00223-6. PMID 15044018.
• Shieh JJ, Pan CJ, Mansfield BC, Chou JY (2006). "In islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase-related protein, the beta cell antigenic sequence that is targeted in diabetes is not responsible for the loss of phosphohydrolase activity". Diabetologia 48 (9): 1851–9. doi:10.1007/s00125-005-1848-6. PMID 16012821.
• Yang J, Danke NA, Berger D, Reichstetter S, Reijonen H, Greenbaum C, Pihoker C, James EA, Kwok WW (2006). "Islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein-reactive CD4+ T cells in human subjects". J. Immunol. 176 (5): 2781–9. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.176.5.2781. PMID 16493034.
• Dogra RS, Vaidyanathan P, Prabakar KR, Marshall KE, Hutton JC, Pugliese A (2006). "Alternative splicing of G6PC2, the gene coding for the islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP), results in differential expression in human thymus and spleen compared with pancreas". Diabetologia 49 (5): 953–7. doi:10.1007/s00125-006-0185-8. PMID 16520917.
• Unger WW, Pinkse GG, Mulder-van der Kracht S, van der Slik AR, Kester MG, Ossendorp F, Drijfhout JW, Serreze DV, Roep BO (2007). "Human clonal CD8 autoreactivity to an IGRP islet epitope shared between mice and men". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1103: 192–5. doi:10.1196/annals.1394.024. PMID 17376840.
• Li DZ, Liao C, Tang XW (2007). "Prenatal diagnosis of glycogen storage disease type Ia, presenting a new mutation in the glucose-6-phosphatase gene". Prenat. Diagn. 27 (7): 685–6. doi:10.1002/pd.1764. PMID 17607665.