GAD2

Glutamate decarboxylase 2 (pancreatic islets and brain, 65kDa)
PDB rendering based on 2okk.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1ES0​, 2OKK​
Identifiers
Symbols	GAD2 ; GAD65
External IDs	OMIM: 138275 MGI: 95634 HomoloGene: 20223 ChEMBL: 2952 GeneCards: GAD2 Gene
EC number	4.1.1.15
Gene ontology Molecular function • glutamate decarboxylase activity • protein binding • glutamate binding • pyridoxal phosphate binding • protein heterodimerization activity Cellular component • Golgi membrane • cytosol • plasma membrane • cell junction • axon • synaptic vesicle membrane • anchored component of membrane • presynaptic membrane • perinuclear region of cytoplasm • inhibitory synapse • clathrin-sculpted gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle membrane Biological process • glutamate decarboxylation to succinate • synaptic transmission • neurotransmitter secretion • neurotransmitter biosynthetic process • response to drug Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2572	14417
Ensembl	ENSG00000136750	ENSMUSG00000026787
UniProt	Q05329	P48320
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000818	NM_008078
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000809	NP_032104
Location (UCSC)	Chr 10: 26.22 – 26.3 Mb	Chr 2: 22.62 – 22.69 Mb
PubMed search

Glutamate decarboxylase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GAD2 gene.^[1]

This gene encodes one of several forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, identified as a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. The enzyme encoded is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid. A pathogenic role for this enzyme has been identified in the human pancreas since it has been identified as an autoantibody and an autoreactive T cell target in insulin-dependent diabetes. This gene may also play a role in the stiff person syndrome.^[2]

Interactions

GAD2 has been shown to interact with GAD1.^[3]

See also

• Glutamate decarboxylase

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

References

1. Cram DS, Barnett LD, Joseph JL, Harrison LC (July 1991). "Cloning and partial nucleotide sequence of human glutamic acid decarboxylase cDNA from brain and pancreatic islets". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 176 (3): 1239–44. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(91)90418-7. PMID 2039509.
2. "Entrez Gene: GAD2 glutamate decarboxylase 2 (pancreatic islets and brain, 65kDa)".
3. Dirkx R, Thomas A, Li L, Lernmark A, Sherwin RS, De Camilli P, Solimena M (February 1995). "Targeting of the 67-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase to intracellular organelles is mediated by its interaction with the NH2-terminal region of the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (5): 2241–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.5.2241. PMID 7836456.