GAPDHS

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 3H9E​, 3PFW​
Identifiers
Symbols	GAPDHS ; GAPD2; GAPDH-2; GAPDS; HSD-35
External IDs	OMIM: 609169 MGI: 95653 HomoloGene: 101265 GeneCards: GAPDHS Gene
EC number	1.2.1.12
Gene ontology Molecular function • glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity • protein binding • NADP binding • NAD binding Cellular component • nucleus • cytosol • sperm fibrous sheath • sperm principal piece Biological process • carbohydrate metabolic process • glucose metabolic process • gluconeogenesis • spermatid development • sperm motility • small molecule metabolic process • positive regulation of glycolytic process • oxidation-reduction process • canonical glycolysis Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	26330	14447
Ensembl	ENSG00000105679	ENSMUSG00000061099
UniProt	O14556	Q64467
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_014364	NM_001290631
RefSeq (protein)	NP_055179	NP_001277560
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 35.53 – 35.55 Mb	Chr 7: 30.73 – 30.74 Mb
PubMed search

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GAPDHS gene.^[1][2]

Function

This gene encodes a protein belonging to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family of enzymes that play an important role in carbohydrate metabolism. Like its somatic cell counterpart, this sperm-specific enzyme functions in a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent manner to remove hydrogen and add phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to form 1,3-diphosphoglycerate. During spermiogenesis, this enzyme may play an important role in regulating the switch between different energy-producing pathways, and it is required for sperm motility and male fertility.^[2]

In melanocytic cells GAPDHS gene expression may be regulated by MITF.^[3]

Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. ^{[§ 1]}

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|{{{bSize}}}px|alt=Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis edit]]

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis edit

1. The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "GlycolysisGluconeogenesis_WP534".

References

1. Welch JE, Brown PL, O'Brien DA, Magyar PL, Bunch DO, Mori C, Eddy EM (Apr 2000). "Human glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase-2 gene is expressed specifically in spermatogenic cells". Journal of Andrology 21 (2): 328–38. doi:10.1002/j.1939-4640.2000.tb02111.x. PMID 10714828.
2. "Entrez Gene: GAPDHS glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic".
3. Hoek KS, Schlegel NC, Eichhoff OM, Widmer DS, Praetorius C, Einarsson SO, Valgeirsdottir S, Bergsteinsdottir K, Schepsky A, Dummer R, Steingrimsson E (Dec 2008). "Novel MITF targets identified using a two-step DNA microarray strategy". Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research 21 (6): 665–76. doi:10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x. PMID 19067971.

Further reading

• Cooper TG, Yeung CH (Jun 1999). "Approaches to post-testicular contraception". Asian Journal of Andrology 1 (1-2): 29–36. PMID 11225901.
• Benham FJ, Povey S (Aug 1989). "Members of the human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-related gene family map to dispersed chromosomal locations". Genomics 5 (2): 209–14. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(89)90048-7. PMID 2793178.
• Peterson RN, Freund M (Apr 1973). "Effects of (H + ), (Na + ), (K + ) and certain membrane-active drugs on glycolysis, motility, and ATP synthesis by human spermatozoa" (PDF). Biology of Reproduction 8 (3): 350–7. PMID 4349855.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (Jan 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1-2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Westhoff D, Kamp G (Aug 1997). "Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase is bound to the fibrous sheath of mammalian spermatozoa". Journal of Cell Science. 110 ( Pt 15) (15): 1821–9. PMID 9264469.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (Oct 1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1-2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Goodwin LO, Karabinus DS, Pergolizzi RG, Benoff S (Feb 2000). "L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel alpha-1C subunit mRNA is present in ejaculated human spermatozoa". Molecular Human Reproduction 6 (2): 127–36. doi:10.1093/molehr/6.2.127. PMID 10655454.
• Bone W, Jones AR, Morin C, Nieschlag E, Cooper TG (2001). "Susceptibility of glycolytic enzyme activity and motility of spermatozoa from rat, mouse, and human to inhibition by proven and putative chlorinated antifertility compounds in vitro". Journal of Andrology 22 (3): 464–70. PMID 11330647.
• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, Sakakibara Y, Chiba J, Mizushima-Sugano J, Nakai K, Sugano S (Sep 2004). "Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions". Genome Research 14 (9): 1711–8. doi:10.1101/gr.2435604. PMC 515316. PMID 15342556.
• Li Y, Nowotny P, Holmans P, Smemo S, Kauwe JS, Hinrichs AL, Tacey K, Doil L, van Luchene R, Garcia V, Rowland C, Schrodi S, Leong D, Gogic G, Chan J, Cravchik A, Ross D, Lau K, Kwok S, Chang SY, Catanese J, Sninsky J, White TJ, Hardy J, Powell J, Lovestone S, Morris JC, Thal L, Owen M, Williams J, Goate A, Grupe A (Nov 2004). "Association of late-onset Alzheimer's disease with genetic variation in multiple members of the GAPD gene family". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 (44): 15688–93. doi:10.1073/pnas.0403535101. PMC 524264. PMID 15507493.
• Kodama R, Kondo T, Yokote H, Jing X, Sawada T, Hironishi M, Sakaguchi K (Dec 2005). "Nuclear localization of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is not involved in the initiation of apoptosis induced by 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyridium iodide (MPP+)". Genes to Cells 10 (12): 1211–9. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2443.2005.00911.x. PMID 16324157.
• Welch JE, Barbee RR, Magyar PL, Bunch DO, O'Brien DA (Aug 2006). "Expression of the spermatogenic cell-specific glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDS) in rat testis". Molecular Reproduction and Development 73 (8): 1052–60. doi:10.1002/mrd.20235. PMID 16700075.
• Yatsenko AN, Roy A, Chen R, Ma L, Murthy LJ, Yan W, Lamb DJ, Matzuk MM (Dec 2006). "Non-invasive genetic diagnosis of male infertility using spermatozoal RNA: KLHL10 mutations in oligozoospermic patients impair homodimerization". Human Molecular Genetics 15 (23): 3411–9. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl417. PMID 17047026.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Molecular Systems Biology 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.