GCM1

Glial cells missing homolog 1 (Drosophila)
PDB rendering based on 1odh.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1odh​
Identifiers
Symbols	GCM1 ; GCMA; hGCMa
External IDs	OMIM: 603715 MGI: 108045 HomoloGene: 2702 GeneCards: GCM1 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding • RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding • DNA binding • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • protein binding • transcription factor binding • zinc ion binding • histone deacetylase binding Cellular component • nucleus • transcription factor complex Biological process • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • anatomical structure morphogenesis • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • astrocyte fate commitment • positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion • branching involved in labyrinthine layer morphogenesis • cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8521	14531
Ensembl	ENSG00000137270	ENSMUSG00000023333
UniProt	Q9NP62	P70348
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003643	NM_008103
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003634	NP_032129
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 53.13 – 53.15 Mb	Chr 9: 78.05 – 78.07 Mb
PubMed search

Chorion-specific transcription factor GCMa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GCM1 gene.^[1][2]

This gene encodes a DNA-binding protein with a gcm-motif (glial cell missing motif). The encoded protein is a homolog of the Drosophila glial cells missing gene (gcm). This protein binds to the GCM-motif (A/G)CCCGCAT, a novel sequence among known targets of DNA-binding proteins. The N-terminal DNA-binding domain confers the unique DNA-binding activity of this protein.^[2]

References

1. Akiyama Y, Hosoya T, Poole AM, Hotta Y (Jan 1997). "The gcm-motif: a novel DNA-binding motif conserved in Drosophila and mammals". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93 (25): 14912–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.25.14912. PMC 26236. PMID 8962155.
2. "Entrez Gene: GCM1 glial cells missing homolog 1 (Drosophila)".

Further reading

• Yamada K, Ogawa H, Honda S; et al. (1999). "A GCM motif protein is involved in placenta-specific expression of human aromatase gene.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (45): 32279–86. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.45.32279. PMID 10542267.
• Nait-Oumesmar B, Copperman AB, Lazzarini RA (2000). "Placental expression and chromosomal localization of the human Gcm 1 gene.". J. Histochem. Cytochem. 48 (7): 915–22. doi:10.1177/002215540004800704. PMID 10858268.
• Yamada K, Ogawa H, Tamiya G; et al. (2001). "Genomic organization, chromosomal localization, and the complete 22 kb DNA sequence of the human GCMa/GCM1, a placenta-specific transcription factor gene.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 278 (1): 134–9. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3775. PMID 11071865.
• Yu C, Shen K, Lin M; et al. (2003). "GCMa regulates the syncytin-mediated trophoblastic fusion.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (51): 50062–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M209316200. PMID 12397062.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK; et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.". Nature 425 (6960): 805–11. doi:10.1038/nature02055. PMID 14574404.
• Chen CP, Chen CY, Yang YC; et al. (2005). "Decreased placental GCM1 (glial cells missing) gene expression in pre-eclampsia.". Placenta 25 (5): 413–21. doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2003.10.014. PMID 15081636.
• Baczyk D, Satkunaratnam A, Nait-Oumesmar B; et al. (2004). "Complex patterns of GCM1 mRNA and protein in villous and extravillous trophoblast cells of the human placenta.". Placenta 25 (6): 553–9. doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2003.12.004. PMID 15135239.
• Schubert SW, Kardash E, Khan MA; et al. (2005). "Interaction, cooperative promoter modulation, and renal colocalization of GCMa and Pitx2.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (48): 50358–65. doi:10.1074/jbc.M404587200. PMID 15385555.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Yang CS, Yu C, Chuang HC; et al. (2005). "FBW2 targets GCMa to the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation system.". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (11): 10083–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.M413986200. PMID 15640526.
• Knerr I, Schubert SW, Wich C; et al. (2005). "Stimulation of GCMa and syncytin via cAMP mediated PKA signaling in human trophoblastic cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.". FEBS Lett. 579 (18): 3991–8. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.06.029. PMID 16004993.
• Chang CW, Chuang HC, Yu C; et al. (2005). "Stimulation of GCMa transcriptional activity by cyclic AMP/protein kinase A signaling is attributed to CBP-mediated acetylation of GCMa.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 (19): 8401–14. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.19.8401-8414.2005. PMC 1265739. PMID 16166624.
• Chuang HC, Chang CW, Chang GD; et al. (2006). "Histone deacetylase 3 binds to and regulates the GCMa transcription factor.". Nucleic Acids Res. 34 (5): 1459–69. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl048. PMC 1401512. PMID 16528103.
• Fujito N, Samura O, Miharu N; et al. (2007). "Increased plasma mRNAs of placenta-specific 1 (PLAC1) and glial cells-missing 1 (GCM1) in mothers with pre-eclampsia.". Hiroshima J. Med. Sci. 55 (1): 9–15. PMID 16594548.
• Chou CC, Chang C, Liu JH; et al. (2007). "Small ubiquitin-like modifier modification regulates the DNA binding activity of glial cell missing Drosophila homolog a.". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (37): 27239–49. doi:10.1074/jbc.M700351200. PMID 17646165.