GGPS1

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1
PDB rendering based on 2fvi.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2Q80​
Identifiers
Symbols	GGPS1 ; GGPPS; GGPPS1
External IDs	OMIM: 606982 MGI: 1341724 HomoloGene: 31267 ChEMBL: 4769 GeneCards: GGPS1 Gene
EC number	2.5.1.1, 2.5.1.10, 2.5.1.29
Gene ontology Molecular function • dimethylallyltranstransferase activity • farnesyltranstransferase activity • geranyltranstransferase activity • protein binding • metal ion binding Cellular component • cytosol Biological process • cholesterol biosynthetic process • isoprenoid metabolic process • geranyl diphosphate biosynthetic process • geranylgeranyl diphosphate biosynthetic process • small molecule metabolic process • farnesyl diphosphate biosynthetic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	9453	14593
Ensembl	ENSG00000152904	ENSMUSG00000021302
UniProt	O95749	Q9WTN0
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001037277	NM_010282
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001032354	NP_034412
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 235.33 – 235.34 Mb	Chr 13: 14.05 – 14.06 Mb
PubMed search

Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GGPS1 gene.^[1][2][3]

This gene is a member of the prenyltransferase family and encodes a protein with geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) synthase activity. The enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of GGPP from farnesyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate. GGPP is an important molecule responsible for the C20-prenylation of proteins and for the regulation of a nuclear hormone receptor. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.^[3]

Much like its homolog farnesyl diphosphate synthase, GGPS1 is inhibited by bisphosphonate compounds.^[4]

References

1. Ericsson, J.; Greene, J.M.; Carter, K.C.; Shell, B.K.; Duan, D.R.; Florence, C.; Edwards, P.A. (December 1998). "Human geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase: isolation of the cDNA, chromosomal mapping and tissue expression". Journal of Lipid Research 39 (9): 1731–1739. PMID 9741684.
2. Kainou, T.; Kawamura, K.; Tanaka, K.; Matsuda, H.; Kawamukai, M. (May 1999). "Identification of the GGPS1 genes encoding geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases from mouse and human". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1437 (3): 333–340. doi:10.1016/S1388-1981(99)00028-1. PMID 10101267.
3. "Entrez Gene: GGPS1 geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 1".
4. Wiemer, A.J.; Wiemer, D.F.; Hohl, R.J. (December 2011). "Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase: an emerging therapeutic target". Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 90 (6): 804–12. doi:10.1038/clpt.2011.215. PMID 22048229.

Further reading

• Ericsson J.; Runquist M.; Thelin A.; et al. (1993). "Distribution of prenyltransferases in rat tissues. Evidence for a cytosolic all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase". Journal of Biological Chemistry 268 (2): 832–838. PMID 8419360.
• Kuzuguchi T.; Morita Y.; Sagami I.; et al. (1999). "Human geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase. cDNA cloning and expression". Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (9): 5888–5894. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.9.5888. PMID 10026212.
• Hu R.M.; Han Z.G.; Song H.D.; et al. (2000). "Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning.". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 97 (17): 9543–9548. doi:10.1073/pnas.160270997. PMC 16901. PMID 10931946.
• Bommel H.; Xie G.; Rossoll W.; et al. (2003). "Missense mutation in the tubulin-specific chaperone E (Tbce) gene in the mouse mutant progressive motor neuronopathy, a model of human motoneuron disease.". Journal of Cell Biology 159 (4): 563–569. doi:10.1083/jcb.200208001. PMC 2173089. PMID 12446740.
• Strausberg R.L.; Feingold E.A.; Grouse L.H.; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–16903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Gerhard D.S.; Wagner L.; Feingold E.A.; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Research 14 (10B): 2121–2127. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Kavanagh K.L.; Dunford J.E.; Bunkoczi G.; et al. (2006). "The crystal structure of human geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase reveals a novel hexameric arrangement and inhibitory product binding". Journal of Biological Chemistry 281 (31): 22004–22012. doi:10.1074/jbc.M602603200. PMID 16698791.
• Gregory S.G.; Barlow K.F.; McLay K.E.; et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1". Nature 441 (7091): 315–321. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.
• Ma J.; Dempsey A.A.; Stamatiou D.; et al. (2007). "Identifying leukocyte gene expression patterns associated with plasma lipid levels in human subjects". Atherosclerosis 191 (1): 63–72. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.05.032. PMID 16806233.
• Raz T.; Nardi V.; Azam M.; et al. (2007). "Farnesyl transferase inhibitor resistance probed by target mutagenesis". Blood 110 (6): 2102–2109. doi:10.1182/blood-2006-12-064907. PMC 1976354. PMID 17536018.