GZMB

Granzyme B (granzyme 2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 1)
PDB rendering based on 1fq3.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1FQ3​, 1IAU​
Identifiers
Symbols	GZMB ; CCPI; CGL-1; CGL1; CSP-B; CSPB; CTLA1; CTSGL1; HLP; SECT
External IDs	OMIM: 123910 MGI: 109267 HomoloGene: 108184 ChEMBL: 2316 GeneCards: GZMB Gene
EC number	3.4.21.79
Gene ontology Molecular function • serine-type endopeptidase activity • protein binding • serine-type peptidase activity Cellular component • immunological synapse • nucleus • cytoplasm • cytosol • membrane • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Biological process • apoptotic process • Notch signaling pathway • granzyme-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway • programmed cell death • protein processing • cytolysis • natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity • intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway • positive regulation of protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane involved in apoptotic signaling pathway Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3002	14939
Ensembl	ENSG00000100453	ENSMUSG00000015437
UniProt	P10144	P04187
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004131	NM_013542
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004122	NP_038570
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 24.63 – 24.63 Mb	Chr 14: 56.26 – 56.26 Mb
PubMed search

Granzyme B is a serine protease that in humans is encoded by the GZMB gene.^[1] Granzyme B is expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells.

CTL and NK cells share the remarkable ability to recognize specific infected target cells. They are thought to protect their host by inducing apoptosis of cells that bear on their surface 'nonself' antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. The protein encoded by this gene is crucial for the rapid induction of target cell apoptosis by CTL in cell-mediated immune response.^[2]

See also

• The Proteolysis Map
• Granzyme

References

1. Dahl CA, Bach FH, Chan W, Huebner K, Russo G, Croce CM, Herfurth T, Cairns JS (May 1990). "Isolation of a cDNA clone encoding a novel form of granzyme B from human NK cells and mapping to chromosome 14". Hum Genet 84 (5): 465–70. doi:10.1007/bf00195821. PMID 2323780.
2. "Entrez Gene: GZMB granzyme B (granzyme 2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 1)".

Further reading

• Trapani JA (1996). "Target cell apoptosis induced by cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells involves synergy between the pore-forming protein, perforin, and the serine protease, granzyme B.". Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine 25 (6): 793–9. doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1995.tb02883.x. PMID 8770355.
• Cohen GM (1997). "Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis.". Biochem. J. 326 (1): 1–16. PMC 1218630. PMID 9337844.
• Trapani JA, Sutton VR (2004). "Granzyme B: pro-apoptotic, antiviral and antitumor functions.". Curr. Opin. Immunol. 15 (5): 533–43. doi:10.1016/S0952-7915(03)00107-9. PMID 14499262.

External links

• The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: S01.010