GZMM

Granzyme M (lymphocyte met-ase 1)
Rendering based on PDB 1LZP​.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1LZP​, 2ZGC​, 2ZGH​, 2ZGJ​, 2ZKS​
Identifiers
Symbols	GZMM ; LMET1; MET1
External IDs	OMIM: 600311 MGI: 99549 HomoloGene: 21099 GeneCards: GZMM Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • serine-type endopeptidase activity • protein binding • serine-type peptidase activity Cellular component • extracellular region • membrane Biological process • proteolysis • apoptotic process • cell death • cytolysis • innate immune response Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3004	16904
Ensembl	ENSG00000197540	ENSMUSG00000054206
UniProt	P51124	O08643
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001258351	NM_001302485
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001245280	NP_001289414
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 0.54 – 0.55 Mb	Chr 10: 79.69 – 79.7 Mb
PubMed search

Granzyme M is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GZMM gene.^[1][2]

Human natural killer (NK) cells and activated lymphocytes express and store a distinct subset of neutral serine proteases together with proteoglycans and other immune effector molecules in large cytoplasmic granules. These serine proteases are collectively termed granzymes and include 4 distinct gene products: granzyme A, granzyme B, granzyme H, and Met-ase, also known as granzyme M.^[2]

References

1. Baker E, Sutherland GR, Smyth MJ (Apr 1994). "The gene encoding a human natural killer cell granule serine protease, Met-ase 1, maps to chromosome 19p13.3". Immunogenetics 39 (4): 294–5. doi:10.1007/bf00188796. PMID 8119738.
2. "Entrez Gene: GZMM granzyme M (lymphocyte met-ase 1)".

Further reading

• Smyth MJ, O'Connor MD, Trapani JA (1996). "Granzymes: a variety of serine protease specificities encoded by genetically distinct subfamilies.". J. Leukoc. Biol. 60 (5): 555–62. PMID 8929545.
• Pilat D, Fink T, Obermaier-Skrobanek B, et al. (1995). "The human Met-ase gene (GZMM): structure, sequence, and close physical linkage to the serine protease gene cluster on 19p13.3.". Genomics 24 (3): 445–50. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1651. PMID 7713495.
• Smyth MJ, Sayers TJ, Wiltrout T, et al. (1994). "Met-ase: cloning and distinct chromosomal location of a serine protease preferentially expressed in human natural killer cells.". J. Immunol. 151 (11): 6195–205. PMID 8245461.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Krenacs L, Smyth MJ, Bagdi E, et al. (2003). "The serine protease granzyme M is preferentially expressed in NK-cell, gamma delta T-cell, and intestinal T-cell lymphomas: evidence of origin from lymphocytes involved in innate immunity.". Blood 101 (9): 3590–3. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-09-2908. PMID 12506019.
• Kelly JM, Waterhouse NJ, Cretney E, et al. (2004). "Granzyme M mediates a novel form of perforin-dependent cell death.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (21): 22236–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.M401670200. PMID 15028722.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Mahrus S, Kisiel W, Craik CS (2005). "Granzyme M is a regulatory protease that inactivates proteinase inhibitor 9, an endogenous inhibitor of granzyme B.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (52): 54275–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M411482200. PMID 15494398.
• Lu H, Hou Q, Zhao T, et al. (2006). "Granzyme M directly cleaves inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (CAD) to unleash CAD leading to DNA fragmentation.". J. Immunol. 177 (2): 1171–8. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.1171. PMID 16818775.