Gary Botting

Gary Botting
Born Gary Norman Botting
(1943-07-19)19 July 1943
Frilford Heath, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
Residence Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada
Nationality British and Canadian (dual)
Ethnicity British
Citizenship Canadian
Education Studied at Trent University (B.A.), Memorial University of Newfoundland (M.A.), University of Alberta (Ph.D., M.F.A.), University of Calgary (LL.B./J.D.), University of British Columbia (LL.M., Ph.D.)
Alma mater Trent University
Occupation Lawyer, legal scholar, journalist, playwright, novelist, poet
Years active 1961–
Employer South China Morning Post, Peterborough Examiner, University of Alberta, University of Calgary, Simon Fraser University, University of Washington, University of British Columbia
Known for Appellate lawyer with expertise in extradition and dangerous offenders; critic of Jehovah's Witnesses; plays; poetry
Notable work The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses, Streaking!, Extradition between Canada and the United States
Spouse(s) Heather Harden (1966–2000); Virginia ("Ginny") Martin (2011–)
Children 4
Awards U.S. National Science Fair – International; U.S. National Academy of Sciences; American Institute of Biological Sciences; Alberta Culture playwriting awards; University of British Columbia Paetzold Fellow; Canada Council postdoctoral fellowships (law); Trent University distinguished alumni award (2015)

Gary Norman Arthur Botting (born 19 July 1943)[1] is a Canadian legal scholar and criminal defense lawyer as well as a poet, playwright, novelist, and critic of literature and religion, in particular Jehovah's Witnesses. The author of 40 published books,[2] he is one of the country's leading authorities on extradition law.[3] He is said to have had "more experience in battling the extradition system than any other Canadian lawyer."[4][5]

Early life

Botting was born in Oakley House near Royal Air Force Station Abingdon (RAF Abingdon) at Frilford Heath near Oxford, England on 19 July 1943. He was christened in the Church of England Parish Church of St. James the Great in Radley, Berkshire. His father, Pilot Officer Norman Arthur Botting DFC, was killed in action over Germany on 15 September 1943 when he was less than two months old—on his older sister Mavis' second birthday. Following the war, their mother Joan, a teacher, took up residence with Group Captain Leonard Cheshire VC, the father of their younger sister, Elizabeth, at Gumley Hall near Bedford Gardens, Market Harborough, Leicestershire[6] and later she and the children moved with Cheshire to LeCourt, the name of the mansion he had acquired from his aunt in Hampshire.[7] After witnessing the bombing of Nagasaki at the end of World War II, Cheshire, who had been raised high Anglican, began to examine various religions.[8] Joan and he agreed about the nature of God as a person.[9] Joan was baptized as a Jehovah's Witness in September 1948 and expected Cheshire to follow; when he converted to Roman Catholicism later that year instead, she moved with the children back to Radley.[10]

Botting attended the Church of England Primary School in Radley. One day when pedaling back from school he found a "rare and portentous Death's-Head Hawk [moth] (Acherontia atropos)" at the side of the road.[11] Later, in Cambridge, he began collecting moths in earnest.[12] On Elizabeth's eighth birthday, 8 January 1954, the Botting family arrived in Fort Erie, Ontario as immigrants to Canada.[1]

Entomology

In his early teens Botting began to experiment at home with the hybridization of moths, developing his own technique entailing surgical transplantation of female pheromonal scent sacs.[13] Exhibits of his hybrid moths won top honours at the Ontario (Canada) and United States National Science Fairs two years in a row—in 1960 for "Interesting Variations of the Cynthia Silk Moth", and in 1961 for "Intergeneric Hybridization Among Giant Silk Moths".[14] In particular, he cross-bred the North American Polyphemus moth (then called Telea polyphemus) with Japanese and Indian giant silk moths of the genus Antheraea, pointing out that the Polyphemus moth really belonged to that genus.[15] The Polyphemus moth was subsequently renamed Antheraea polyphemus to accord with his observations.

In the summer of 1960 he was sponsored by the American Institute of Biological Sciences on a lecture tour of the US to explicate his experiments.[16] Later that year the National Academy of Sciences sponsored him on a lecture tour of India.[17] While in India in January 1961, Botting was befriended by J. B. S. Haldane, who decades earlier had applied statistical research to the natural selection of moths.[18] In the 1960s, Haldane's wife, Helen Spurway, was also researching the genetics of giant silk moths of the Antheraea genus. Helen Spurway, J.B.S. and Krishna Dronamraju were present at the Oberoi Grand Hotel in Kolkata when 1960 U.S. National Science Fair winner in botany Susan Brown reminded the Haldanes that she and Botting had a previously scheduled event that would prevent them from accepting an invitation to a banquet proposed by J.B.S. and Helen in their honour and scheduled for that evening. After the two students had left the hotel, Haldane went on his much-publicized hunger strike to protest what he regarded as a “U.S. insult."[19] Botting received the US National Pest Control Award when he demonstrated that his experiments had practical applications beyond producing finer silk.[20] In 1964 he experimented with feeding caterpillars juvenile hormones and vitamin B12 to keep Luna moths (Actias luna) and Cecropia moths (Hyalophora cecropia) in the larval stage an instar longer than normal, resulting in larger cocoons and larger adult moths.[21]

Religion

Botting was raised as a Jehovah's Witness. At age five, with his sister Mavis (then seven), Botting began going from house to house distributing The Watchtower and Awake!,[22] and the following year gave his first sermon about "Noah and the Ark", at the Cambridgeshire Labour Hall in Cambridge, England.[23] Mavis and Gary attended the semi-official Theodena Kingdom Boarding School in Suffolk, run by Rhoda Ford, the sister of Percy Ford, at that time the head of Jehovah's Witnesses in Great Britain.[24] Botting later documented the harsh discipline by caning meted out to him at the hands of Ms. Ford, who had set up the school in defiance of Thorpeness bylaws; he ran away from school, and contracted double pneumonia. As a result of his mother's intervention, the school was shut down, Ms. Ford was disfellowshipped from Jehovah's Witnesses, and her brother demoted.[25]

Botting's lay preaching continued after his arrival in Canada at age ten. He entered the "industrial arts" (rather than "academic") stream in high school, majoring in drafting and machine shop.[26] In July 1955, Botting was baptized as a "dedicated" Jehovah's Witness at a convention in New York City.[27] In July 1961, Watch Tower vice-president F.W. Franz assigned Botting the task of smuggling Watchtowers and anti-Francisco Franco tracts into Spain, where Jehovah's Witnesses were banned.[28] From 1961 to 1963, Botting volunteered in Hong Kong as a "pioneer" missionary, supporting himself by working as a journalist for the South China Morning Post.[29] Once he returned from Hong Kong, he attended Trent University to study literature and philosophy. In 1965, the Peterborough Examiner published a full-page editorial on Botting's personal dilemma, "Evolution and the Bible: Faith in Science or Faith in God a Choice for Man."[30] Botting later admitted that his discussions with Haldane in India in 1961 had had a profound effect on his way of looking at the world, although the process of shaking the social imperatives imposed by his religion took decades.[31]

Disenchanted with organized Christian religion in general and Jehovah's Witnesses in particular, in 1975 Botting wrote the semi-autobiographical poem sequence Monomonster in Hell,[32] satirizing his experiences as a missionary and the fact that Armageddon had not arrived by October 1975 as Jehovah's Witnesses had predicted.[33] His play Whatever Happened to Saint Joanne? (1982) depicted the existential struggle and moral dilemma of leaving a fundamentalist sect.[34] Another of his plays first produced by the Department of Drama at the University of Alberta depicted the forming of a covenstead in which the protagonist priestess rejects her fundamentalist background and protects herself and those she loves with charms, spells and rituals.[35] In his most recent novel Crazy Gran,[36] Botting describes the "Chrislamics", a hybrid sect that emerges from Islamic and Jehovah's Witness fundamentalism to reassert Levitican and Sharia Law in the name of "Allajah". Their prayers for Armageddon seem to be fulfilled with the advent of 9/11.[37]

In 1984, Gary and Heather Botting co-authored The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses,[38] an exposé of the inner workings, shifting doctrines, linguistic quirks and "mental regulating" of members of the group. It graphically compares the religion's closed social paradigms to the "Newspeak" and thought control depicted in Orwell's novel.[39] Critics were generally intrigued by The Orwellian World, Debbie Morgan of the United Church Observer calling it "another warning against the way religious doctrine can be created and used to enslave rather than to free."[40] The Lethbridge Herald called it "jolting and unnerving. Uncanny"; and Carl Rapkins of the New York Tribune described it as "excellent and sophisticated—a rare treat."[41] The book sold out its first edition of 5000 copies within weeks of its release.[42]

In 1993, Botting published Fundamental Freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses,[43] an academic work about Jehovah's Witnesses in Canada and their role in pressing for the development of the Canadian Bill of Rights and what eventually became the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.[44]

By 1982, Botting had accepted Darwinian evolution as indisputable fact.[45] He reconciled his atheism with the promotion of paganism by reference to the suspension of disbelief and the intrinsic validity of the literary arts: poetry, drama and fiction. Pagan religion was a form of theatre that could coexist with a godless yet unfathomably immense and miraculous universe.[46] Both have equal significance to the human psyche; the capacity to appreciate both science and religion simultaneously is a dualistic side-product of human evolution.[47] Ultimately, both are merely extensions of the human mind calibrated using different dimensions of spacetime, one concrete and the other abstract. Rather than regarding himself as an essentialist like Iris Murdoch or an existentialist like Jean-Paul Sartre, Botting has described himself as an extensionist: all things, including human understanding, can be explained as extensions of mind and body in space and time.[48] Like Richard Dawkins, of whose brand of genetic theory—and unabashed atheism—Botting has been a staunch advocate, he was admittedly influenced by the observations and opinions of J. B. S. Haldane.[49]

Journalist

In September 1961, Botting left Canada for Hong Kong initially to become a missionary for Jehovah's Witnesses; but he had to support himself, and soon became first a proofreader and then a full-time reporter for the South China Morning Post. This led to many adventures which he chronicled in his serialized Occupational Hazard: The Adventures of a Journalist.[50] Soon journalism became a priority and he became one of the main feature writers for the South China Sunday Post-Herald.[51] He returned to Canada and in 1964 began to work for the Peterborough Examiner,[52] then owned by Robertson Davies, at the same time attending Trent University, where he was editor of the student newspaper, Trent Trends, and literary magazine, Tridentine. He became fast friends with Farley Mowat and wrote several features about the popular author, describing their mutual escapades on The Happy Adventure ("The Boat that Wouldn't Float"), including speculation as to whether sharks had invaded Lake Ontario via the newly opened St. Lawrence Seaway.[53] As an investigative reporter, in 1966 Botting opted to serve time in jail rather than pay parking fines so that he could write an exposé on security and health problems at the notorious Victoria County Jail in Ontario—eventually forcing the prison to close.[54] His later work of popular history, Chief Smallboy: In Pursuit of Freedom, published in 2005 by Fifth House Books, discusses the life of mid-twentieth century Cree leader Bobtail ("Bob") Smallboy of the Ermineskin Cree Nation. Laurie Meijer-Drees, writing for The Canadian Historical Review,[55] praised the book for its use of oral history and family history in shedding more light on its subject, but criticized its portrayal of Smallboy as a "lone leader" with few peers and in particular its failure to put Smallboy in context with major First Nations political movements of the time such as the Indian Association of Alberta.[55]

Poet

Commencing in the 1960s, Botting published poetry in various literary magazines including Casserole, Hecate's Loom, Issue, Legal Studies Forum, New Thursday, Tridentine—and Umwelt, a Canadian literary magazine which he later satirized in BumweltS: Poems Written in Sexy ’69.[56] His third collection of poems, Streaking! (1974)[57] helped popularize that fad in Canada.[58] Monomonster in Hell (1975)[59] —based loosely on Botting's experiences as a missionary in Hong Kong—satirizes the failed prophecy of Jehovah’s Witnesses, who had anticipated that Armageddon would come by October 2, 1975.[60] Freckled Blue (1976),[59] Lady Godiva on a Plaster Horse (1977)[59] and Lady of My House (1986) [61] are collections of love poems which explore different poetic forms from experimental and concrete poetry to more conventional sonnets and ballads.[62] His complete published poems, including a risqué assortment that appeared in a limited edition of Isabeau: Poems of Lust and Love (2013), were gathered together in Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting (2014), edited by screenwriter Tihemme Gagnon.[63]

Playwright

Beginning as playwright in residence with People & Puppets Incorporated in Edmonton, Alberta in the 1970s, Botting wrote some 30 plays, a dozen of which received awards from the governments of both Canada and Alberta as well as private sponsors such as the Edmonton Journal.[64] He first became active in theatre in the 1960s, when he acted in Academy Theatre and Peterborough Theatre Guild productions in Ontario, Canada. In the late 1960s, he became a theatre and movie critic for the Peterborough Examiner; his essays on and reviews of contemporary Off-Off-Broadway productions were collected in his critique The Theatre of Protest in America.[65]

His first play, written in St. John’s, Newfoundland in 1969, was The School of Night, later published as the award-winning Harriott!,[66] about the occult club formed in the 1590s by Thomas Harriott, Christopher Marlowe and Sir Walter Raleigh. The School of Night and Who Has Seen the Scroll? were first produced in Ontario in 1969–70. Prometheus Rebound,[66] written for the Open Theatre in St. John's, Newfoundland in 1969, was first produced by People & Puppets Incorporated in Edmonton, Alberta in 1971. A sequel to the dramatic poems of Aeschylus and Shelley, Botting's version of the myth portrays Prometheus' punishment for granting man access to nuclear energy.

Botting studied drama, including dramaturgy, in 1971–72 as a minor for his Ph.D. in English Literature, and a decade later received the Master of Fine Arts in playwriting from University of Alberta. Several of his plays were produced by the drama department, including his thesis production, Whatever Happened to Saint Joanne?, exposing the tendency of fundamental Christian ministers to exploit promising members of their sects. Edmonton Journal theater critic Keith Ashwell called Saint Joanne an "incredibly imaginative play": "In dramatizing his experiences he has written a very disquieting piece, that becomes positively uncomfortable at the end."[67] Botting's most popular award-winning plays were Crux (1983), about a nude woman who steadfastly refuses to be talked down out of her tree by her materialistic husband;[68] Winston Agonistes (1984), a sequel to George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-four;[69] and Fathers, first produced in a federal penitentiary by William Head on Stage in Victoria, British Columbia in 1993. Botting continues to write plays for the stage and screen.

Novelist

Botting wrote his first novel, the semi-autobiographical Through Freedom's Curtain, in Hong Kong in 1962.[70] There, a Canadian journalist in Hong Kong, having entered Mao's China illegally to get a story on the refugee problem, finds himself imprisoned and facing serious charges. "His eventual escape is a metaphysical flight beyond the conventions of job, security and national pride. He discovers himself, but first must learn to live with the anguish of self-realization."[71] His recent novels include Campbell's Kids (2015),[72] set in Alberta, about an amnesiac pyromaniac who has an affair with a cheating journalist;[73] and Crazy Gran (2016),[74] set in upstate New York, where in the week after 9/11 the protagonist discovers, to her peril, that her Syrian uncle helped plan the attacks on the World Trade Centre.[75]

Professor of English Literature and Creative Writing

Botting graduated with a B.A. from Trent University with a joint major in philosophy and English literature, then obtained his Master of Arts degree in English from Memorial University of Newfoundland[76] and his PhD in English literature and Master of Fine Arts in drama (playwriting) from the University of Alberta in Edmonton. There, he taught English at the University of Alberta and was producer and playwright-in-residence for People & Puppets Incorporated and Edmonton Summer Theatre—precursors to the Edmonton Fringe Festival. Botting's PhD dissertation was on William Golding,[77] author of Lord of the Flies.[78] From 1972 to 1986 Botting taught English and creative writing at Red Deer College, where he was at various times the college's media relations coordinator, chairman of the English department, editor-in-chief of Red Deer College Press and president of the Faculty Association. He was later remembered by college librarian and fellow thespian Paul Boultbee (who had acted in Botting's plays Crux (1983)[79] and Winston Agonistes (1984))[80] as being a "creative, rebellious faculty member."[81] Be that as it may, Botting was named "Citizen of the Year" by the Central Alberta Allied Arts Council on 5 May 1984.[82]

In the 1970s, Botting was vice-president of Central Alberta Theatre, sat on the executive of the Literary Presses Group and the Canadian Publishers Association, and was founding president of the Alberta Publishers Association.[83] He taught English and creative writing at Maskwachees Cultural College in Hobbema, establishment of which he had initially proposed in the early 1970s.[84] While first setting up his law practice in Victoria in the early 1990s he taught creative writing and English literature for various colleges and universities, including Lakeland College in Alberta and Simon Fraser University in British Columbia.

Lawyer

Botting entered the University of Calgary Faculty of Law on a Brunet scholarship in 1987. Shortly afterwards he joined the staff of the Institute of Natural Resources Law as a legal researcher. He was elected vice-president of Victims of Law Dilemma (VOLD), an independent watchdog group designed to keep lawyers responsible and to pressure Canadian law societies to appoint lay benchers. As a first-year law student he represented Joel Slater, an American man who became stateless after renouncing US citizenship.[85] When he was in second year, the Law Society of Alberta "investigated" Botting for representing Howard Pursley, an alleged white supremacist refugee claimant who was eventually flown directly from Calgary to Texas in a form of disguised extradition later known as extraordinary rendition.[86] Botting was cleared of any wrongdoing.[87] In his third year, Botting was enlisted by Calgary lawyers Don McLeod and Noel O'Brien to assist them with research in connection with the extradition of Charles Ng—who faced the death penalty for allegedly murdering as many as 25 men, women and children in California. That year Botting also represented the first dozen Chinese students in Canada to be granted refugee status after they publicly protested China's 1989 clampdown on demonstrators in Tiananmen Square.[88] After graduating in 1990, Botting articled in Victoria for Doug Christie.

Notable clients whom Botting has represented include Dorothy Grey-Vik, who five decades after the fact successfully sued her parents' former hired hand for repeatedly raping her, beginning when she was a prepubescent school girl, making her his "sex slave" for two years and fathering her two children (born when she was twelve and thirteen, respectively)[89]—with her parents' complacency and complicity;[90] Gerald Gervasoni, extradited to Florida to face trial for the murder of his girlfriend, whose body was found stuffed under her mother's bed;[91] Patrick Kelly, an RCMP officer convicted of first degree murder for tossing his wife off a 17th story balcony in Toronto who sued the Correctional Service of Canada for negligence for housing him at Kingston Penitentiary without regard to risk arising from his previous status as a police officer;[92] James Ernest Ponton, charged with second degree murder after shooting his victim twice in the back—who was acquitted by a jury on the basis of Botting's argument of self-defence;[93] Clifford Edwards, for whom Botting sought a moratorium on extradition from the Minister of Justice on the grounds that the Canada-US Extradition Treaty has never been ratified by Parliament;[94] Karlheinz Schreiber, a German man who fought extradition from Canada for nearly a decade;[3][95] friends of Marc Emery, a cannabis policy reform activist who consented to his extradition to the United States;[96] Mark Wilson, who won his 2011 extradition appeal on the basis that the extradition judge had refused to admit important evidence;[97] the family of Dr. Asha Goel, an Ontario obstetrician murdered in her sleep while visiting her brother's house in Mumbai, India—the Canadian component of the investigation having been squelched by the Department of Justice;[98] Emmanuel Alviar, who received a one-month jail sentence for his part in the 2011 Stanley Cup Riot in Vancouver;[99] Sean Doak, who fought extradition to the United States for allegedly leading a drug smuggling ring while incarcerated in a federal penitentiary;[100] Brinder Rai, a Calgary man who sued his grandfather (since deceased) and other relatives for allegedly conspiring to shoot him in the back at close range with a shotgun in an "honour killing" attempt;[101] Donald Boutilier, who successfully challenged the constitutionality of dangerous offender proceedings in Canada in the British Columbia Supreme Court;[102][103] Safa Malakpour, who faces an indeterminate sentence as a dangerous offender for harassing his wife after the harassment escalated to kidnapping and assault;[104] Kevin Patterson, who faces extradition for murder after allegedly killing his mentor with a garden shovel;[105] and Gregory Hiles, charged with attempted murder, against whom the Crown stayed charges for lack of evidence after Botting's cross-examination of several witnesses in the first three days of a scheduled three-week trial demonstrated that each witness had motive and opportunity to commit the crime.[106]

Legal scholar

Botting completed his Master of Laws in 1999 and a second PhD, in law, in 2004 at the University of British Columbia,[107] and went on to publish a number of scholarly works on Canadian and international law.[108] He was recognized as "Canada's leading legal scholar on extradition law" by Larry Rousseau, executive vice president of the Public Service Alliance of Canada.[109] His U.S.-published Extradition between Canada and the United States,[110] cited by the Supreme Court of Canada,[111] criticized Canada's level of cooperation with the United States in international criminal matters, arguing that Canada's policy of placing international comity over individual rights had dangerously expanded executive discretion and damaged human rights protections.[112] The book received favourable reviews in the Law & Politics Book Review and the Revue québécoise de droit international.[113] Another of his works on extradition law, Canadian Extradition Law Practice, which has gone through five editions, contains broader criticisms of Canada's network of extradition treaties, in particular of the erosion of the double criminality requirement.[114] His Extradition: Individual Rights vs. International Obligations, published in Stuttgart, Germany, was released in 2010,[115] and Halbury's Laws of Canada: Extradition and Mutual Legal Assistance the following year.[116] His Wrongful Conviction in Canadian Law (2010)[117] examines Canadian commissions of inquiry into miscarriage of justice. The book's foreword was written by David Milgaard, who was convicted of a murder he did not commit and spent 23 years in prison.[118] Botting spent four years as a visiting scholar and post-doctoral fellow at University of Washington School of Law in Seattle and another year as research associate at the University of British Columbia – where he is a Paetzold Fellow – before returning to private practice in British Columbia in 2009. In April 2015 he was granted a Trent University Distinguished Alumnus lifetime achievement award for his legal scholarship and literary skills.[119] The citation noted that Botting "is recognized as one of the most prolific legal scholars in Canada, the 'go to' expert in Canada on extradition, and a writer of immense talent."[4][5][120]

Personal life

Botting has four children by his first wife, Dr Heather Botting. They were divorced in 1999. In 2011, Botting married Australian-Canadian speech language pathologist Virginia ("Ginny") Martin.[121] Now in his seventies, he continues to practice extradition and appellate law in Vancouver, British Columbia.

References

  1. 1 2 "Profile: Gary Botting". ABC Bookworld. 2011. Retrieved 2012-11-09.
  2. ↑ http://www.advocatedaily.com/profile/b-c--lawyer-dr--gary-botting-builds-reputation-as-a-novelist.html
  3. 1 2 Greenway, Norma (2009-07-06). "Schreiber challenges extradition treaty". The Windsor Star. Retrieved 2013-01-11.;http://www.thefilipinopost.com/article/1642-another-kick-chingkoe-can.html; http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/opinion/blogs/giroday/; Sarah Boyd, "Book Review: Canadian Extradition Law Practice", Prism Magazine, 5 February 2012, http://prism-magazine.com/2012/02/book-review-canadian-extradition-law-practice/
  4. 1 2 Chris Cobb, "Canada's extradition law: A legal conundrum," Ottawa Citizen, 15 November 2014 http://ottawacitizen.com/news/local-news/canadas-extradition-law-a-legal-condundrum, accessed 16 November 2014
  5. 1 2 Trent University Alumni Awards and Honours, 18 April 2015, http://www.trentu.ca/alumni/awardsandhonours_awards.php, accessed 1 May 2015 9:44 AM
  6. ↑ The Face of Victory(London: Hutchinson, 1961) p. 69; Richard Morris, Cheshire: The Biography of Leonard Cheshire, VC, OM (London: Viking, 2000), pp. 237–240
  7. ↑ Morris (2000), pp. 242–260
  8. ↑ The Face of Victory, pp. 104–110
  9. ↑ The Face of Victory, pp. 47, 55–56; Russell Braddon Cheshire V.C. (London: Evans, 1954) p. 135
  10. ↑ The Face of Victory, pp. 57–58, 95–98, 148–151
  11. ↑ Gary Botting, "Preface", Heather and Gary Botting, The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984), p. xii
  12. ↑ "Gary's Open Window Way to Science Prize", Toronto Telegram, 2 May 1960, page 1
  13. ↑ Gary Botting, "Preface" to The Orwellian World, p. xiii
  14. ↑ "City Student Earns Praise for Work in Studying, Breeding Silk Moths", Peterborough Examiner, 2 May 1960; "Gary's Open Window Way to Science Prize", Toronto Telegram, 2 May 1960, page 1; "Ontario Boy Wins Top Spot in Science Fair", Toronto Telegram, 13 May 1960; "Science Fair Winners", Science Newsletter, 28 May 1960; "Bright Youth Brighter Today", Weekend Magazine, Vol. 10, No. 40, 1960
  15. ↑ Gary Botting, "Intergeneric hybridization among giant silk moths", Exhibit, U.S. National Science Fair—International, 1961
  16. ↑ "Moths Wing Lad to Oklahoma", Toronto Telegram, 16 June 1960; "Student to be Guest of U.S. Institute", Globe and Mail, 16 June 1960; "PCVS student receives fresh recognition", Peterborough Examiner, 2 September 1960
  17. ↑ "Young Expert on Moths Invited to India Talks", Toronto Telegram, 29 December 1960; "Boy Collector: Moths Win Gary World Trip", Evening News, 29 December 1960; "Young City Moth Expert Flies to India", Peterborough Examiner, 30 December 1960; "Noted U.S. Scientists Address Roorkee Meeting", American Reporter, 11 January 1961; "Biology Students in India", The American Biology Teacher, Vol. 23 No. 6 (October 1961) p. 364; http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/4439623?uid=3739400&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=3737720&uid=4&sid=21101589318023; "Moths Going to India". The Windsor Star. 1960-10-22. Retrieved 2013-01-12.; "Moth Expert, 17, invited to India", Winnipeg Free Press (Tuesday 25 October 1960)
  18. ↑ http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/ridley/classictexts/haldane2.pdf
  19. ↑ "Haldane on Fast: Insult by USIS Alleged", The Times of India, 19 January 1961; "Protest Fast by Haldane: USIS' 'Anti-Indian Activities'", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "Situation was Misunderstood, Scholars Explain", The Times of India, 20 January 1961; "USIS Explanation does not satisfy Haldane: Protest fast continues", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "USIS Claim Rejected by Haldane: Protest Fast to Continue", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "Haldane Not Satisfied with USIS Apology: Fast to Continue", The Free Press Journal, 18 January 1961; "Haldane Goes on Fast In Protest Against U.S. Attitude", The Times of India, 18 January 1961; "Haldane to continue fast: USIS explanation unsatisfactory", The Times of India, 19 January 1961; "Local boy in hunger strike row", Toronto Star, 20 January 1961; "Haldane, Still on Fast, Loses Weight: U.S.I.S. Act Termed 'Discourteous'", The Indian Express, 20 January 1961; "Haldane Slightly Tired on Third Day of Fast", The Times of India, 21 January 1961; "Haldane Fasts for Fourth Consecutive Day", The Globe and Mail, 22 January 1961
  20. ↑ "Boy Scientist Will Collect More Moths", Toronto Telegram, 17 February 1961; "The Boy Who Catches Moths", The Star Weekly, 26 August 1961, pp. 24–29
  21. ↑ "Lepidopterologist Botting At Work: Caterpillars Thrive on Vitamins", Peterborough Examiner, 21 July 1964, p. B1; Gagnon, "Introduction," p. xxiii
  22. ↑ The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984, p. ix)
  23. ↑ The Orwellian World p. x
  24. ↑ "The Orwellian World", pp. 38, 152
  25. ↑ http://www.jehovahs-witness.com/topic/131351/orwellian-world-sister-spry?page=1
  26. ↑ T. Gagnon, "Introduction", Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting (Houston: Strategic, 2013)
  27. ↑ "Preface," The Orwellian World of Jehovah's Witnesses, pp. xi–xii
  28. ↑ The Orwellian World, p. xi–xii
  29. ↑ David Spurgeon, "Gary Botting, 17, Boy Biologist, Decides on Life as Missionary", Globe and Mail, Friday 7 April 1961; Weekend Magazine, Vol. 10 No. 40, 1960.
  30. ↑ Peterborough Examiner, 17 June 1965, p. 5
  31. ↑ Gary Botting, "Preface", The Orwellian World, pp. xiv–xix; Stanley Oziewicz, "'It's rather like trying to flee Soviet' to get out of Witnesses, author says", Globe and Mail, 21 June 1984
  32. ↑ Red Deer: RDC Press, 1975
  33. ↑ "Do Jehovah's Witnesses still hold to their 1984 Doomsday deadline?" Christianity Today, 21 September 1984, p. 66
  34. ↑ Edmonton Journal, Saturday 1 May 1982, p. D4
  35. ↑ Gary Botting, The Succubus, Major Project, Edmonton: University of Alberta Department of Drama, 1982
  36. ↑ Houston: Strategic, 2016
  37. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JYHhUyzSBKg&feature=youtu.be retrieved 2016-02-21
  38. ↑ Bob Bettson, "Witnesses risk future with book", Calgary Herald, Wednesday 23 May 1984
  39. ↑ Dwayne Janke, "Book fights JW 'Big Brother ways'", Calgary Herald, 15 May 1984, p. A8; Stephen Weatherbe, "Theocracy girded for the end: An Alberta book says the Jehovah's Witnesses are Orwellian", Alberta Report, 4 June 1984, pp. 34–38
  40. ↑ The Observer, January 1985, pp. 62–63
  41. ↑ "Former Members of Jehovah's Witness Say Sect Hard To Quit". Ocala Star-Banner. 1984-05-23. Retrieved 2013-01-12.;Norman Sigurdson, "Nothing sinister here despite charges of thought control", Winnipeg Free Press (Saturday 12 May 1984) pp. 54–55; David E. Reid, "Two new books remove part of mystery around Jehovah's Witnesses movement", The Birmingham News, Friday 22 June 1984, p. 2B
  42. ↑ "Author meets with Witness president", Lethbridge Herald (Thursday 14 June 1984) p. C8
  43. ↑ http://www.questia.com/library/102111748/fundamental-freedoms-and-jehovah-s-witnesses; http://www.garybotting.ca/media/online-books/fundamental-freedoms-and-jehovahs-witnesses/front.pdf
  44. ↑ Penton, M. James (December 1994). "Comptes rendus/Reviews of books: Fundamental Freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses Gary Botting Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 1993. xvii + 214 p" (PDF). Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 23. Retrieved 2013-01-13.; Dericquebourg, Régis (1996). "Botting (Gary), Fundamental Freedoms and Jehovah's Witnesses". Archives des sciences sociales des religions 94. Retrieved 2013-01-13.
  45. ↑ Jim Isbister, "Jehovah's Witness author unnerved by life in 'false religion'", The Advocate, Saturday 6 October 1984, p. 1C; Tihemme Gagnon, "Introduction", Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting (Miami: Strategic, 2013), p. xx–xxii.
  46. ↑ Gary Botting, "Evolution and the Bible: Faith in Science or Faith in God a Choice for Man," Peterborough Examiner, 17 June 1965, p. 5
  47. ↑ Gary Botting, "Dualism in the Novels of William Golding," Master's Thesis, St. John's: Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1970
  48. ↑ Gary Botting, Extensionism, unpublished ms., 2012
  49. ↑ Richard Dawkins, The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution (New York: Free Press,2009), pp. 31n, 147, 211–12, 217, 248–50, 330–331, 418 Gagnon, p. xxi; The Orwellian World, pp. 18–19
  50. ↑ The Advocate, serialized weekly column commencing 18 May 1977
  51. ↑ Gary Botting, "The Descent of 20 Battery", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 31 March 1963; Gary Botting, "The Death or Glory Boys in Macau", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 16 June 1963; Gary Botting, "A Corporal at Ten", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 16 June 1983; Gary Botting, "She's a Bit of Portugal Afloat", South China Sunday Post-Herald, 23 June 1963, p. 26
  52. ↑ Gary Botting, "Hong Kong: Two Faces of the Orient", Peterborough Examiner, 1 February 1964
  53. ↑ "Sharks in Lake Ontario—Farley Mowat", The Port Hope Evening Guide, 19 July 1968; "How did I enjoy what swim?" political cartoon, editorial page, Toronto Star, 20 July 1968; Gary Botting, "You'll find Farley Mowat a totally innocent devil", The Advocate, Tuesday, 24 October 1972, p. 3
  54. ↑ Gary Botting, "Reporter went to jail to get the 'inside' story", Peterborough Examiner, 9 April 1966, p. 5, Globe and Mail, 10 April 1966; Gary Botting, "Newsman found that piece of wire could open cell door in county jail", Peterborough Examiner, 11 April 1966, p. 15; Gary Botting, "Health conditions at Victoria County Jail leave much to be desired", 13 April 1966, p.22
  55. 1 2 Drees, Laurie Meijer (June 2008). "Chief Smallboy: In Pursuit of Freedom (review)". The Canadian Historical Review 89 (2): 285–286. doi:10.1353/can.0.0037.
  56. ↑ St. John’s: Memorial University of Newfoundland
  57. ↑ Red Deer: RDC Press
  58. ↑ "Winged Streaker Bears Bum Show," Edmonton Journal, 6 April 1974; "It Had to Happen: RDC sees streak," Red Deer Advocate, 24 May 1974
  59. 1 2 3 RDC Press
  60. ↑ Tihemme Gagnon, "Introduction" to Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting, Houston: Strategic, 2014, p. xxix
  61. ↑ Harden House of Canada
  62. ↑ "Poets Form Tour Circuit", Lethbridge Herald (Friday 21 January 1977), p. 8; "Newsmakers: Dr. Gary Botting", Lethbridge Herald" (Wednesday 7 June 1978) p. 9; "Off the Record: an Anthology of Poetry by Lawyers", James R. Elkins, ed. The Legal Studies Forum, Vol. xxviii, Nos. 1 and 2 (2004), pp. 129–32, 702l "Poetry", Legal Studies Forum, Vol. xxvii, No. 1 (2003), pp. 303–312
  63. ↑ Houston: Strategic, 2014
  64. ↑ Drake McHugh, "Journal Literary Award Winners: He will produce own play," Edmonton Journal, 4 July 1971, p. D1
  65. ↑ Edmonton: Harden House, 1971
  66. 1 2 Edmonton: Harden House, 1972
  67. ↑ Keith Ashwell, "Thesis play a bit clever: Whatever Happened to Saint Joanne by Gary Botting," Edmonton Journal, Saturday May 1, 1982, p. D4
  68. ↑ Robert Lee, "Ingenue bares all in play," Advocate, 17 February 1983, p. 1B; "Morality, Nudity mix in Red Deer," Canadian Press, 17 February 1983; "Nude Woman in Morality Play", Lethbridge Herald (Friday 18 February 1983) p. B5; "Sell-out crowds enjoy 'stunning' production of top one-act play", The Advocate (Monday 21 February 1983) p. 2B;
  69. ↑ Jim Lozeron, "Sequel jolts Orwell view into reality," Advocate, 15 February 1984, p. 1B
  70. ↑ H.D. Harden, "Afterword" to the 1974 edition of Streaking!, Red Deer, RDC Press, 1974
  71. ↑ H.D. Harden, "Afterword", Streaking! The Collected Poems of Gary Botting, Revised Edition. Houston: Strategic, 2016, p. 333
  72. ↑ Houston, Strategic, 2015; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dwATKIhS2Zc
  73. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dwATKIhS2Zc
  74. ↑ Houston, Strategic, 2016
  75. ↑ http://sbpra.com/garybotting/; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JYHhUyzSBKg
  76. ↑ "Dualism in the Novels of William Golding" (M.A. thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1970)
  77. ↑ "Three Grades of Thought in the Novels of William Golding" (doctoral diss., University of Alberta, 1975), published as Thinking As a Hobby: the Novels of William Golding, Red Deer: Red Deer College Press, 1975
  78. ↑ See Gary Botting, "Leadership in Lord of the Flies", Gary Botting and M.E. Symons, eds. Leadership: An Anthology (Victoria: Royal Roads University, 1998), pp. 75–89
  79. ↑ "Nude Woman in Morality Play", Lethbridge Herald, Friday 18 February 1983, p. B5
  80. ↑ "What better year to have a sequel to George Orwell's 1984?" Alberta Report, 19 March 1984, p. 25
  81. ↑ Paul G. Boultbee, "Vain Dream to Mainstream: the Growth of Red Deer College Press", Papers of the Bibliographical Society of Canada, 33/1, p. 51 https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/bsc/article/viewFile/17946/14879
  82. ↑ "Citizen of the Year: Dr. Gary Botting," Central Alberta Advisor, Friday 11 May 1984, p. 2
  83. ↑ George Melnyk, "Honeymoon with Alta. govt. over", Quill & Quire, January 1976, p. 2
  84. ↑ Gary Botting, Chief Smallboy: In Pursuit of Freedom, Calgary: Fifth House, 1985, p. x
  85. ↑ Boatman, Kim (1992-11-27). "A Man Without A Country, Literally". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
  86. ↑ Tom Keyser, "Far-right label proves sticky", Calgary Herald, 2 May 1989; Tom Olsen, "Pursley won't quit refugee fight", The Calgary Sun, Tuesday 25 April 1989, p. 18; "White supremacist renews claim for refugee status", Globe and Mail, Tuesday, 24 April 1989, p. A12
  87. ↑ Alan Boras, "Pursley lawyer cleared", Calgary Herald, Thursday 8 June 1989, p. B6
  88. ↑ http://english.ucalgary.ca/profiles/shaobo-xie
  89. ↑ "Ex-'sex slave' sues: She bore her rapist's kids 5 decades ago", The Province, Friday 31 December 1993, p. 1; Gordon Clark, "Horror after horror", The Province, Friday 31 December 1993, p. A5
  90. ↑ Barbara McLintock, "Mom sued for failing to halt rapes", The Province, Wednesday 8 February 1995 p. A11
  91. ↑ Kim Westad, "Murder suspect seeks judicial review", Times Colonist Friday 17 June 1994, p. B3; Kim Westad, "Refugee bid may mean convict stays", Times Colonist, Wednesday 22 June 1994, p. B1
  92. ↑ "Convicted killer sues system for negligence". Waterloo Record. 1994-05-13. Retrieved 2013-01-12.; Gerard Young, "Jailed ex-Mountie sues for $1 million over prison posting", Times Colonist, Friday 13 May 1994, p. A7; Gordon Clark, "Crown ordered to pay killer's ticket to court", The Province, Tuesday 17 May 1994, p. A19; David Lennam, "Convicted murder Patrick Kelly to appear on Donahue", Victoria Regional News, Wednesday 21 September 1994, p. R7
  93. ↑ Al Cameron, "Ponton Trial: Shots fired in defence, lawyer contends", Nanaimo Daily Free Press, Tuesday 8 November 1994, p. 3A; Al Cameron, "Death by gun ruled defence", Nanaimo Free Press, Wednesday 16 November 1994, p. 1; "Shooter cleared in slaying", The Province, Wednesday 16 November 1994, p. A20
  94. ↑ http://www.pacificfreepress.com/news/1/6129-canadian-demands-for-moratorium-on-extradition-to-us.html
  95. ↑ http://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=fd8c2faf-0a82-465f-953f-11f129e2e7e0&sponsor=
  96. ↑ "Legal trick could block Emery's extradition". Kelowna News. 2010-05-14. Retrieved 2013-01-12.
  97. ↑ http://www.pacificfreepress.com/news/1/10952-charming-the-cobra-the-curious-case-of-mark-wilson.html
  98. ↑ http://"Ex-officer told to drop probe of Canadian killed in India" www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2012/10/18/ahsa-goel-doyle-investigation329.html; http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/01/09/extradition-put-to-test-in-honour-killing-case/
  99. ↑ http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/story/2012/06/11/bc-stanley-cup-riot-emmanuel-alviar.html; http://www2.macleans.ca/2012/06/12/stanley-cup-rioter-gets-one-month-in-jail/; http://www.news1130.com/2012/06/11/stanley-cup-rioter-sentenced/gary-botting-emmanuel-alviar-lawyer/; http://www.news1130.com/2012/06/11/stanley-cup-rioter-sentenced/
  100. ↑ http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Accused+drug+smuggler+ordered+committed+extradition/7972548/story.html
  101. ↑ http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/01/12/calgary-man-sues-grandfather-15-years-after-alleged-honour-killing-attempt/; http://www.asianjournal.ca/jan%2013_12/ot_head9.html; http://www.calgarysun.com/2012/01/13/calgary-man-sues-family-over-shooting
  102. ↑ http://www.advocatedaily.com/profile/botting-to-argue-key-dangerous-offender-case-before-bc-court-of-appeal.html
  103. ↑ http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/ottawa-to-re-evaluate-dysfunctional-crime-law/article24793784/
  104. ↑ http://www.advocatedaily.com/profile/dangerous-offender-label-inappropriate-for-protracted-domestic-dispute.html
  105. ↑ http://blogs.seattletimes.com/today/2014/09/medical-examiner-sammamish-homicide-victim-died-from-blow-to-head/
  106. ↑ http://www.theprovince.com/news/charges+stayed+chilliwack+attempted+murder+case/11821641/story.html; http://www.chilliwacktimes.com/news/373946451.html; http://www.chilliwacktimes.com/news/374964711.html
  107. ↑ See https://circle.ubc.ca/handle/2429/16172 and https://circle.ubc.ca/handle/2429/9402
  108. ↑ Botting, Gary Norman Arthur. Executive and judicial discretion in extradition between Canada and the United States. Ph.D. dissertation. University of British Columbia. OCLC 58457191.
  109. ↑ "Will There Be Justice for This Canadian Citizen Living a Nightmare?" www.huffingtonpost.ca/larry-rousseau/hassan-diab-b-5324483.html (retrieved 28 October 2014).
  110. ↑ New York: Brill, 2005; Ardsley, NY: Transnational, 2005
  111. ↑ United States of America v. Ferras, [2006] S.C.J. No. 33, para 41
  112. ↑ https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/32772/3/Miller_Bradley_J_201206_PhD_Thesis.pdf, p. 9
  113. ↑ Currie, Robert J. (2006). "Gary Botting, 'Extradition between Canada and the United States' (Ardsley: Transnational Publishers, 2005)" (PDF). Revue québécoise de droit international 19 (1). Retrieved 2013-01-12.;Turack, Daniel (June 2006). "Gary Botting, 'Extradition between Canada and the United States' (Ardsley: Transnational Publishers, 2005)". Law & Politics Book Review 16 (6). Retrieved 2013-01-12.
  114. ↑ Currie, Robert J. (2006). "'Canadian Extradition Law Practice', by Gary Botting. Markham, Butterworths LexisNexis Canada, 2005. Pp. 720". Ottawa Law Review 37 (1). Retrieved 2013-01-12.; Boyd, Sarah (2012-02-05). "Book Review: Canadian Extradition Law Practice". Prism Magazine. Retrieved 2013-01-12.
  115. ↑ Stuttgart, Lambert, 2010
  116. ↑ Markham, ON: Butterworths LexisNexis, 2011
  117. ↑ Markham, ON: Butterworths LexisNexis
  118. ↑ Pheotist, Tim (February 2011). "Wrongfully Convicted: A cry from the heart from a victim of our Canadian Justice system". Pacific Free Press. Retrieved 2012-01-13.
  119. ↑ News release, Trent University Alumni Association, 1 April 2015
  120. ↑ http://www.advocatedaily.com/legal-scholar-extradition-expert-gary-botting-recognized-by-trent-u.html
  121. ↑ "About the Author," Gary Botting, Canadian Extradition Law Practice, Fifth Edition (Markham: LexisNexis, 2015), p. ix; "About the Author" in Gary Botting, Campbell's Kids, Houston: Strategic, 2015

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