Gayndah
| Gayndah Queensland | |||||||||||||
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 Gayndah, seen from the town lookout | |||||||||||||
  Gayndah | |||||||||||||
| Coordinates | 25°38′0″S 151°36′0″E / 25.63333°S 151.60000°ECoordinates: 25°38′0″S 151°36′0″E / 25.63333°S 151.60000°E | ||||||||||||
| Population | 1,789 (2011 census)[1] | ||||||||||||
| Established | 1849 | ||||||||||||
| Postcode(s) | 4625 | ||||||||||||
| Elevation | 106 m (348 ft) | ||||||||||||
| Location |
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| LGA(s) | North Burnett Region | ||||||||||||
| State electorate(s) | Callide | ||||||||||||
| Federal Division(s) | Flynn | ||||||||||||
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Gayndah /ˈɡeɪndə/[2] is a town and locality in the North Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia.[3][4] In the 2011 census, Gayndah had a population of 1,789 people.[1]
Geography
Gayndah is on the Burnett River and the Burnett Highway passes through the town. Apart from the town in the western part of the locality, the land is used for cropping and grazing. The Gayndah railway station is located on the north side of the river and is on the Mungar Junction to Monto Branch railway line.[5]
Duchess Mountain is immediately to the south-west of the town (25°38′00″S 151°36′47″E / 25.63333°S 151.61306°E) and at 190 metres (620 ft) provides excellent views over the town (100 metres (330 ft) above sea level).[5][6]
Gayndah is 366 kilometres (227 mi) north of the state capital, Brisbane, and 145 kilometres (90 mi) west of the regional city of Maryborough.
History
Exploration of the Gayndah area began in 1847 by explorer Archer and Surveyor James Charles Burnett (1815-1854).[7] The first European settlers arrived in 1848, and the town was established in the following year. A post office was established at Gayndah in 1850.[8] This suggests that Gayndah may be the oldest officially Gazetted town in Queensland though, it should be noted that, a convict colony of 47 people existed on the Brisbane River, CBD site in 1825. This is known as the 1824 Colony.
Agriculture and grazing have been the dominant industries of the area. The town is the centre of Queensland's largest citrus-growing area. The Gayndah Orange Festival is held every two years to celebrate this industry. The town's information centre is located inside a man-made orange.
Brisbane's population by 1856 was only an estimated 3,840. Gayndah and Ipswich were regional towns of similar size and competed with Brisbane to become the capital of Queensland when it became a separate colony from NSW in 1859. The main impetus to the growth of Brisbane and the development of a distinctive city centre came through the introduction of self-government, hand-in-hand with immigration and general economic expansion.
By 1868 Brisbane was the largest town in Queensland with a population of 15,240.[9] Gayndah was considered for the capital of Queensland, but lost to Brisbane because the river was not deep enough, making it impossible for large cargo ships to unload near the town.
The well-known "Wetheron" property, 12 miles from Gayndah, was taken up by William Humphrey in 1845, and from him it passed to the Hons. Berkeley Basil and Seymour Moreton, sons of the Earl of Ducie. When the foundations of Gayndah were being laid there were only a few squatters on the Burnett, and these were nearly all educated men of good families with command of money and the confidence of the Banks and financial institutions. It must have made considerable progress when Tom White went there in 1857 and started the newspaper, The Burnett Argus, in April 1861.[10][11]
The railway was opened to Gayndah on December 16, 1907. Historian Matt J Fox spoke of Gayndah in 1923: "The Gazette now represents the Press in Gayndah, which is a very prosperous town of nearly a thousand people, the centre of a thriving district of farmers and fruit-growers and squatters, with a rural population of over 4,000 people".[12]
The name Gayndah is of Aboriginal origin and comes either from Gu-in-dah (or Gi-un-dah), meaning 'thunder', or from Ngainta, meaning 'place of scrub'.[13]
In 1872, the town was the location where the hoax fish Ompax spatuloides was supposedly procured.[14]
On 8 September 1919 the Gayndah War Memorial was dedicated by the Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly for Burnett, Bernard Corser.[15]
Another famous hoax is the story of the Gayndah Bear, a black bear said to be wandering around the banks of the Burnett river. The Gayndah Bear was first sighted in the late 1950s and again in 2000.[16]
The Mango Tree is a 1977 Australian drama film directed by Kevin Dobson and starring Geraldine Fitzgerald and Sir Robert Helpmann. Filming took place in the town of Gayndah, Mount Perry and Cordalba as well as Bundaberg. The shoot went for seven weeks starting April and ending in June.[17] The streets of Gayndah were closed for filming and a street-scape was created to emulate the 19th century period of the screenplay. Gayndah was chosen because much of its early, country town architecture was intact and reflected the period effectively. Lead actor Christopher Pate is the son of actor Michael Pate who also produced the film.[18]
At the 2006 census, Gayndah had a population of 1,745.[19]
Heritage listings
Gayndah has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
- Capper Street: Gayndah War Memorial[20]
- 20 Capper Street: Court House, Gayndah[21]
- 28 Capper Street: Mellors Drapery and Haberdashery[22]
- 32-34 Capper Street: Gayndah Shire Hall[23]
- Fisher Avenue: Gayndah Racecourse[24]
- 33 Meson Street: Gayndah State School[25]
- 8 Simon Street: Brick Cottage[26]
- Mungar-to-Monto railway line: Rail Bridge (Humphery)[27]
-
War memorial
-
Court house
-
Town hall
Climate
| Climate data for Gayndah | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 44.6 (112.3) |
41.7 (107.1) |
40.7 (105.3) |
39.1 (102.4) |
35.6 (96.1) |
31.7 (89.1) |
30.1 (86.2) |
33.9 (93) |
39.4 (102.9) |
41.8 (107.2) |
42.8 (109) |
44.8 (112.6) |
44.8 (112.6) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 32.8 (91) |
32.0 (89.6) |
30.9 (87.6) |
28.6 (83.5) |
25.2 (77.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
21.9 (71.4) |
23.8 (74.8) |
26.9 (80.4) |
29.5 (85.1) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.8 (91) |
28.2 (82.8) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 20.1 (68.2) |
19.9 (67.8) |
18.1 (64.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
10.3 (50.5) |
7.5 (45.5) |
5.9 (42.6) |
6.8 (44.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
14.1 (57.4) |
17.1 (62.8) |
19.1 (66.4) |
13.6 (56.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 11.1 (52) |
10.0 (50) |
6.1 (43) |
1.1 (34) |
−1.1 (30) |
−3.9 (25) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−2.8 (27) |
1.0 (33.8) |
6.0 (42.8) |
8.3 (46.9) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 113.8 (4.48) |
106.8 (4.205) |
72.7 (2.862) |
37.2 (1.465) |
38.9 (1.531) |
36.5 (1.437) |
35.7 (1.406) |
26.4 (1.039) |
33.1 (1.303) |
64.3 (2.531) |
81.5 (3.209) |
105.3 (4.146) |
752.2 (29.614) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2mm) | 8.8 | 8.3 | 7.3 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 6.4 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 72.9 |
| Source: Bureau of Meteorology[28] | |||||||||||||
Notable residents
- Jessica Anderson, who won the Miles Franklin Literary Award in 1978 and 1980, was born in Gayndah.
- Jacob Moerland, the 12th Australian casualty of Operation Slipper, was from Gayndah.
Cultural facilities
Gayndah has a public library, the Gayndah Library.[29] The former St Joseph's Convent in Meson St Gayndah was in 2011 converted into an arts and cultural centre, The Gayndah Arts & Cultural Centre which also houses the Gaynah Art Gallery. Also located in Gayndah is the tourist attraction The Big Orange.
Sister city
Gayndah has one sister city, according to the Australian Sister Cities Association.
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Zonhoven, Belgium
References
- 1 2 Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Gayndah". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ↑ Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. ISBN 1-876429-14-3
- ↑ "Gayndah - town (entry 13515)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
- ↑ "Gayndah - locality (entry 45349)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
- 1 2 "Queensland Globe". State of Queensland. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ↑ "Duchess Mountain (entry 10653)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
- ↑ Don Dignan, 'Burnett, James Charles (1815–1854)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published in hardcopy 1969, accessed online 25 September 2014
- ↑ New South Wales Government Gazette, 19 January 1850, cited by Frew, Joan (1981). Queensland Post Offices 1842–1980 and Receiving Offices 1869–1927, p. 277. Fortitude Valley, Queensland: published by the author, ISBN 0-9593973-0-2.
- ↑ Marsden,Susan; Urban Heritage; the rise and post-war development of Australia's capital city centres, Australian Council of National Trusts and Australian Heritage Commission, Ausdoc On Demand, Fyshwick ACT, 2000, p22
- ↑ "No title.". Maryborough Chronicle, Wide Bay and Burnett Advertiser (Qld.: National Library of Australia). 2 May 1861. p. 2. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
- ↑ Morrison, Allan Arthur (1952). "Some aspects of Queensland provincial journalism" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Historical Society of Queensland (Brisbane: Royal Historical Society of Queensland) 4 (5): 702–708. ISSN 1837-8366. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
- ↑ Fox, Matt J. (Matt Joseph), History of Queensland, its people and industries,...; States Publishing Company, Brisbane, Qld; 1919-1923, p824
- ↑ Reed, A. W. (1973). Place Names of Australia, p. 102. Sydney: A. H. & A. W. Reed. ISBN 0-589-07115-7
- ↑ "A Mythical Fish.". The Advocate (Burnie, Tas.: National Library of Australia). 17 January 1934. p. 5. Retrieved 19 September 2013.
- ↑ "Gayndah War Memorial". Monument Australia. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
- ↑ Frazier, Justine (3 February 2000). "Gayndah bear mystery". The World Today. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 19 September 2013.
- ↑ Pike, Andrew and Cooper, Ross; Australian Film 1900–1977: A Guide to Feature Film Production, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1998 p320
- ↑ Wikipedia: The Mango Tree
- ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Gayndah (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 25 October 2007.
- ↑ "Gayndah War Memorial (entry 600517)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Court House, Gayndah (entry 601294)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Mellors Drapery and Haberdashery (entry 601470)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Gayndah Shire Hall (entry 602124)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Gayndah Racecourse (entry 602514)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Gayndah State School (entry 600516)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Brick Cottage (entry 602185)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Rail Bridge (Humphery) (entry 600518)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
- ↑ "Gayndah Post Office". Climate statistics for Australian locations. Bureau of Meteorology. July 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
- ↑ "Gayndah Library Webpage". Gayndah Library. Retrieved 16 June 2011.
External links
Media related to Gayndah, Queensland at Wikimedia Commons
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