Geophagus
Not to be confused with geophagy.
| Geophagus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Pearl cichlid, Geophagus brasiliensis | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Cichlidae |
| Subfamily: | Geophaginae |
| Genus: | Geophagus Heckel, 1840 |
| Type species | |
| Geophagus altifrons Heckel, 1840 | |
Geophagus is a genus of cichlids that mainly live in South America as far south as Uruguay, but a single species, G. crassilabris is from Panama. The genus is currently polyphyletic and in need of further taxonomic revision. Some geophagine cichlids previously included in this genus have been reallocated to Gymnogeophagus or Satanoperca. Sensu stricto species include the true geophagines of very peaceful disposition usually with long fin extensions like the type species Geophagus altifrons. Sensu lato geophagines include the much more robust and aggressive species of the Geophagus brasiliensis complex.
Species
There are currently 28 recognized species in this genus:[1]
- Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004
- Geophagus altifrons Heckel, 1840
- Geophagus argyrostictus S. O. Kullander, 1991
- Geophagus brachybranchus S. O. Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
- Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Pearl cichlid)
- Geophagus brokopondo S. O. Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
- Geophagus camopiensis Pellegrin, 1903 (Oyapock eartheater)
- Geophagus crassilabris Steindachner, 1876 (Panamanian eartheater)
- Geophagus crocatus Hauser & López-Fernández, 2013[2]
- Geophagus diamantinensis Mattos, W. J. E. M. Costa & A. C. A. Santos, 2015[3]
- Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004
- Geophagus gottwaldi I. Schindler & Staeck, 2006 [4]
- Geophagus grammepareius S. O. Kullander & Taphorn, 1992
- Geophagus harreri J. P. Gosse, 1976 (Maroni eartheater)
- Geophagus iporangensis Haseman, 1911
- Geophagus itapicuruensis Haseman, 1911
- Geophagus megasema Heckel, 1840
- Geophagus mirabilis Deprá, S. O. Kullander, Pavanelli & da Graça, 2014[5]
- Geophagus neambi P. H. L. Lucinda, C. A. S. de Lucena & Assis, 2010
- Geophagus obscurus (Castelnau, 1855)
- Geophagus parnaibae Staeck & I. Schindler, 2006[6]
- Geophagus pellegrini Regan, 1912 (Yellowhump eartheater)
- Geophagus proximus (Castelnau, 1855).
- Geophagus steindachneri C. H. Eigenmann & Hildebrand, 1922 (Redhump eartheater)
- Geophagus surinamensis (Bloch, 1791) (Red-striped eartheater)
- Geophagus sveni P. H. F. Lucinda, C. A. S. de Lucena & Assis, 2010
- Geophagus taeniopareius S. O. Kullander & Royero-L., 1992
- Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004
References
- ↑ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2015). Species of Geophagus in FishBase. December 2015 version.
- ↑ Hauser, F.E. & López-Fernández, H. (2013): Geophagus crocatus, a new species of geophagine cichlid from the Berbice River, Guyana, South America (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa, 3731 (2): 279–286.
- ↑ Mattos, J.L.O., Costa, W.J.E.M. & Santos, A.C.A. (2015): Geophagus diamantinensis, a new species of the G. brasiliensis species group from Chapada Diamantina, north-eastern Brazil (Cichlidae: Geophagini). Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters, 26 (3): 209-220.
- ↑ Schindler, I. & Staeck, W. (2006): Geophagus gottwaldi sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the drainage of the upper rio Orinoco in Venezuela. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 56: 91-97.
- ↑ Deprá, G.C., Kullander, S.O., Pavanelli, C.S. & da Graça, W.J. (2014). "A new colorful species of Geophagus (Teleostei: Cichlidae), endemic to the rio Aripuanã in the Amazon basin of Brazil" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (4): 737–746.
- ↑ Staeck, W. & Schindler, I. (2006): Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the rio Parnaiba basin, Brazil. Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden), 55: 69-75.
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