Gervase Clifton (died 1471)

Sir Gervase Clifton
Arms of Clifton of Clifton, Nottinghamshire (later arms of Clifton baronets (1611) and Baron Clifton (1608) of Leighton Bromswold): Sable semée of cinquefoils and a lion rampant argent
Spouse(s)	Isabel Vincent (alias Finche) Maud Stanhope
Issue Isabel Clifton Joan Clifton
Noble family	Clifton
Father	Sir Gervase Clifton
Mother	Isabel Fraunceys
Died	6 May 1471 Tewkesbury
Buried	Brabourne, Kent

Depiction in Ghent manuscript of the Battle of Tewkesbury, after which Sir Gervase Clifton was beheaded

Sir Gervase Clifton (died 6 May 1471) of Clifton, Nottinghamshire and London was a 15th-century English knight and landowner. He was beheaded after the Battle of Tewkesbury.

Origins

Gervase Clifton was the son of Sir Gervase Clifton (d. 15 November 1453) of Hodsock and Clifton, Nottinghamshire, only son of Sir John Clifton (slain at the Battle of Shrewsbury on 21 July 1403), and his wife, Katherine Cressy. Gervase Clifton's mother was Isabel Fraunceys (d. 13 June 1457), the daughter of Sir Robert Fraunceys of Foremark, Derbyshire. His only sibling was a brother, Robert Clifton.^[1]

Early origins

Gervase Clifton was a junior member of the Clifton family of Nottinghamshire, descended from the 11th century Alvaredus de Clifton, warden of Nottingham Castle "in the time of William Peverell, bastard son of William the Conqueror".^[2]

Career

Clifton served as Lieutenant of Dover Castle and as Captain of Pontoise, France where he was knighted. He came into an estate at Brabourne, Kent, by his marriage to an heiress, Isabel Herbert. He was Mayor of Canterbury in 1450, served as High Sheriff of Kent for 1439, 1450 and 1458 and represented Kent in the Parliament of 1455.

He was briefly Treasurer of the Household of Henry VI and Treasurer of Calais 1450–60.

He was declared a traitor for his support of Margaret of Anjou. He took part in and was captured at the Battle of Tewkesbury during the Wars of the Roses and was beheaded in Tewkesbury market place along with other Lancastrian leaders on 6 May 1471.

Marriages and progeny

Clifton married twice, leaving no male progeny, only two daughters and co-heiresses by his first wife:

First marriage

Firstly to Isabel Herbert (died c. November 1457), widow of William Scott (d. 5 February 1434) of Brabourne, Kent, and daughter of Vincent Herbert (alias Finche) of Netherfield, Sussex by his wife Isabel Cralle, daughter and coheiress of Robert Cralle. By Isabel Herbert he had two daughters:^[3]

• Isabel Clifton, who in 1459 married John Jerningham (d.1503) of Somerleyton, Suffolk, by whom she had two sons and several daughters, including:^[3][4][5][6]
  • Sir Edward Jerningham (d.1515), who married firstly Margaret Bedingfield (d. 24 March 1504), and secondly Mary Scrope (d. 25 August 1548).
  • Sir Richard Jerningham (d.1525/6), Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to King Henry VIII, who married Anne Sapcote (d. 14 March 1559), who survived him and remarried to John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford, by whom she was the mother of Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford.
  • Margaret (or Mary) Jerningham, who married Thomas Stanhope of Rampton and was the grandmother of Anne Seymour, Duchess of Somerset (née Anne Stanhope).
• Joan Clifton, who married John Digges of Digges Court in Barham, Kent and was the grandmother of the scientist, Leonard Digges.^[7][8]

Second marriage

Clifton married secondly, before 20 March 1463, Maud Stanhope (d. 30 August 1497), widow firstly of Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby (d.1452), and secondly of Sir Thomas Neville (d.1460), second son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, slain in 1460 at the Battle of Wakefield. Maud Stanhope was the daughter of Sir Richard Stanhope (d.1436) of Rampton, Nottinghamshire by his second wife, Maud Cromwell (d. 30 August 1497), daughter of Ralph Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell (died c. 2 May 1417). Maud Stanhope was the niece and coheiress of Ralph de Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell (d. 4 January 1456), and the heiress of her sister, Joan Stanhope (d. 10 March 1490), who had married firstly Sir Humphrey Bourchier (d.1471), slain at the Battle of Barnet on 14 April 1471, and secondly Sir Robert Radcliffe of Hunstanton, Norfolk. There was no progeny from Clifton's second marriage, and after his death his widow, Maud Stanhope, alleged that he had 'wasted and destroyed' more than £1000 worth of jewels, plate and household goods which she brought to the marriage as her dowry. She died 30 August 1497, and was buried in the Collegiate Church at Tattershall, Lincolnshire.;^{[9][10][11][12] [13]}

Notes

1. Richardson I 2011, pp. 511-12.
2. Betham, William, The Baronetage of England: or The History of the English Baronets, Volume 1, Ipswich, 1801, p.49 et seq.
3. Richardson I 2011, p. 512.
4. Druery 1826, pp. 166, 172-6.
5. Brydges 1812, pp. 412-13.
6. Marshall 1871, pp. 6-7.
7. Richardson I 2011, p. 513.
8. Richardson II 2011, p. 81.
9. Cokayne 1959, pp. 665–6.
10. Richardson I 2011, pp. 512-13, 570-2.
11. Richardson IV 2011, pp. 335, 400-403.
12. Harris 2004.
13. Harriss 2002, p. 79.

References

• Brydges, Egerton (1812). Collins’s Peerage of England III. London: F.C. and J. Rivington. pp. 412–13. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
• Cokayne, G.E. (1959). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White. XII (Part II). London: St. Catherine Press.
• Druery, John Henry (1826). Historical and Topographical Notices of Great Yarmouth in Norfolk. London: Nichols & Son. pp. 166–76. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
• Harris, Barbara J. (2002). English Aristocratic Women 1450-1550. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Harriss, G.L. (2004). "Willoughby, Robert (III), sixth Baron Willoughby (1385–1452)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/50229. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
• Marshall, George William, ed. (1871). The Visitations of the County of Nottingham in the Years 1569 and 1614. London: Harleian Society. pp. 6–7. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
• Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. pp. 511–13, 571–2. ISBN 1449966373.
• Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. p. 81. ISBN 1449966381. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
• Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1460992709.
• The Baronetage of England, Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of all the Baronets now existing, Edward Kimber and Richard Johnson Vol. I (1771) p. 26. Google Books.

External links

• Will of Sir Richard Jerningham, proved 24 July 1526, National Archives Retrieved 1 April 2013