Jacques Courtois
Jacques Courtois (also called 'il Borgognone' or Giacomo Borgognone) (1621 - 20 May 1676?) was a French painter.
Biography
Courtois was born in Saint-Hippolyte, near Besançon. His father was a painter and Jacques studied with him until he was fifteen. In 1637, he went to Italy and was received at Milan by a Burgundian gentleman. For three years, he remained in the French military service.
The sight of some battle-pictures revived his taste for fine art. He went to Bologna, and studied under the friendly tutelage of Guido Reni. After, he went to Rome where he painted, in the Cistercian monastery, the "Miracle of the Loaves." Here he took a house and after a while developed his own characteristic style of art, that of battle-painting, in which he has been accounted to excel all other old masters; his merits were cordially recognized by the celebrated Cerquozzi, named Michelangelo delle Battaglie.
He soon rose from penury to ease, and married a painter's daughter, Maria Vagini. She died after they were married for seven years. Prince Mattias de' Medici of Tuscany employed Courtois to paint some striking works in his villa, Lappeggio, representing with much historical accuracy the princes military exploits. In Venice, the artist also executed for the senator Sagredo, some remarkable battle-pieces. In Florence, he entered the Society of Jesus, taking the habit in Rome in 1655; it was calumniously rumoured that he adopted this course in order to escape punishment for having poisoned his wife.
As a Jesuit Brother, Courtois painted many works in churches and monasteries of the society. He lived piously in Rome, and died there of apoplexy on 20 May 1676 (some accounts say 1670 or 1671).
His battle-pieces have movement and fire, warm colouring (now too often blackened), and great command of the brush, those of moderate dimensions are the more esteemed. They are slight in execution, and tell out best from a distance. Courtois etched, with skill twelve battle-subjects of his own composition. The Danzig painter called Pandolfo Reschi in Italy was his pupil.
His brother Guillaume was also a painter in Italy.
Bibliography
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "article name needed". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.- Domenico Sedini, Jacques Courtois, online catalogue Artgate by Fondazione Cariplo, 2010, CC BY-SA.
- Marco Horak, A Piacenza una tela del "Borgognone" il maggior interprete di scene di battaglia in "L'Urtiga - Quaderni di cultura piacentina, anno 2013, n.3.
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