Gibbula

Gibbula Temporal range: Late Cretaceous–Recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Five live individuals of Gibbula divaricata from the Mediterranean Sea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Clade:	Vetigastropoda
Superfamily:	Trochoidea (superfamily)
Family:	Trochidae
Genus:	Gibbula Risso, 1826[1]
Type species
Trochus magus Linnaeus, C., 1758
Synonyms[2]
Colliculus Monterosato, 1888 Forskalena Iredale, 1918 Forskalia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 (preoccupied by Forskalia Kölliker, 1853 (Hydrozoa)) Gibbulastra Monterosato, 1884 Korenia Friele, 1877 Scrobiculinus Monterosato, 1889 Steromphala Gray, 1847 Strigosella Sacco, 1896 Trochus (Gibbula)

Gibbula is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Trochidae, the top snails.^[2]

Distribution

The species in this genus occur through all seas, except on the coast of the American continent.

Description

The cyrtoconoid (= approaching a conical shape but with convex sides) shell is usually perforate or umbilicate. The spire is moderately elevated. The whorls are often gibbous or tuberculose beneath the sutures, smooth or spirally ribbed. The last whorl is generally angular at the periphery. The aperture is subrhomboidal. The columella is oblique, dentate or subsinuous at the base. The outer lip is acute. The central tooth and the lateral teeth of the radula have well-developed denticulate cusps.The outer lateral teeth are wider.^[3]

Species

Species within the genus Gibbula include.^[4][5][6]

• Gibbula adansonii Payraudeau, 1826
• Gibbula adriatica Philippi, 1844
• Gibbula albida Gmelin, 1791
• † Gibbula anodosula Sacco, 1896
• Gibbula ardens Von Salis, 1793)
• Gibbula aurantia Nordsieck, 1975
• Gibbula beckeri G.B. Sowerby III, 1901
• Gibbula benzi (Krauss, 1848) ^[7]
• † Gibbula buchi Harzhauser and Kowalke, 2002 (Dubois, 1831)
• Gibbula candei d'Orbigny, 1844
• Gibbula capensis Gmelin, 1791
• Gibbula cicer (Menke, 1844)
• Gibbula cineraria Linnaeus, 1758
• Gibbula clandestina Rolán & Templado, 2001
• Gibbula corallioides Locard, 1898
• † Gibbula dalli Ihering, 1897
• Gibbula delgadensis Nordsieck, 1982
• Gibbula denizi Rolán & Swinnen, 2013
• Gibbula deversa Milaschewitsch, 1916
• Gibbula divaricata Linnaeus, 1758
• Gibbula drepanensis Brugnone, 1873
• Gibbula eikoae Tagaro & Dekker, 2006
• † Gibbula euomphala (Philippi, 1836)
• Gibbula fanulum Gmelin, 1791
• Gibbula guishanensis Wen-Der Chen & I-Feng Fu, 2008
• Gibbula guttadauri Philippi, 1836
• Gibbula hera Bartsch, 1915
• Gibbula hisseyiana (Tenison-Woods, 1876)
• Gibbula houarti Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006
• Gibbula joubini Dautzenberg, 1910
• Gibbula leucophaea (Philippi, 1836)
• Gibbula loculosa Gould, 1861 (synonym of Gibbula benzi)
• Gibbula magus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Gibbula massieri Rolán & Zettler, 2010
• Gibbula medusa Bartsch, 1915
• † Gibbula megamagus Cossmann, 1918
• Gibbula multicolor (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula nivosa A. Adams, 1851
• Gibbula pennanti (Philippi, 1846)
• Gibbula philberti (Récluz, C., 1843)
• † Gibbula podolica Harzhauser and Kowalke, 2002 (Dubois, 1831)
• Gibbula racketti Payraudeau, 1826
• Gibbula rarilineata Michaud, 1829
• Gibbula rifaca Bartsch, 1915
• Gibbula sari Fischer-Piette, E., 1942
• Gibbula sementis Rolán & Templado, 2001
• Gibbula senegalensis Menke, 1853
• Gibbula spratti (Forbes, 1844)
• Gibbula spurca Gould, 1856
• Gibbula stoliczkana (Nevill, G. & H. Nevill, 1869)
• Gibbula tantilla Monterosato, 1890
• Gibbula tenuilirata Preston, 1909
• Gibbula tingitana Pallary, 1901
• Gibbula tryoni Pilsbry, 1889
• Gibbula tumida (Montagu, 1803)
• Gibbula turbinoides Deshayes, 1835
• Gibbula umbilicalis (da Costa, 1778), common on the western coast of the U.K. and Ireland.
• Gibbula umbilicaris (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Gibbula vanwalleghemi Poppe, G.T., S. Tagaro & H. Dekker, 2006
• Gibbula varia (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Gibbula verdensis Rolán & Templado, 2001
• Gibbula vimontiae Monterosato, 1884
• Gibbula zonata (Woods, 1828)

Fossil Gibbula sp. from the Pliocene of Cyprus. Note small predation scars.

Species brought into synonymy

• Gibbula (Calliotrochus) cummingae Kilburn, 1977: synonym of Calliotrochus marmoreus (Pease, 1861)
• Gibbula aegyptica Chenu, 1859: synonym of Gibbula fanulum (Gmelin, 1791)
• Gibbula affinis cognata Pilsbry, H.A., 1903: synonym of Clanculus cognatus (Pilsbry, 1903)
• Gibbula aglaia Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Gibbula tryoni Pilsbry, 1889
• Gibbula altimirai Nordsieck 1982: synonym of Gibbula nivosa A. Adams, 1851
• Gibbula apicalis Nordsieck 1972: synonym of Gibbula ardens Von Salis, 179)
• Gibbula approximata Turton, 1932: synonym of Gibbula cicer (Menke, 1844)
• Gibbula articulata (Gould, 1861): synonym of Pseudominolia articulata (Gould, 1861)
• Gibbula aurantia Nordsieck, F. & F. García-Talavera, 1979 :^[8] synonym of Gibbula racketti (Payraudeau, 1826)
• Gibbula awajiensis G. B. Sowerby III, 1914: synonym of Conotalopia mustelina (Gould, 1861)
• Gibbula barbara Monterosato 1884: synonym of Gibbula ardens Von Salis, 179)
• Gibbula bellinii Coen 1930: synonym of Gibbula magus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Gibbula becki Turton, 1932: synonym of Gibbula multicolor (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula bicolor Risso 1826: synonym of Gibbula ardens Von Salis, 179)
• Gibbula concinna (Philippi, 1847): synonym of Eurytrochus concinnus (Pilsbry, 1889)
• Gibbula conemenosi Monterosato 1888: synonym of Gibbula adansonii (Payraudeau, 1826)
• Gibbula cummingae Kilburn, 1977: synonym of Calliotrochus marmoreus (Pease, 1861)
• Gibbula danieli (Crosse, 1862): synonym of Eurytrochus danieli (Crosse, 1862)
• Gibbula declivis Forskål, 1775 : synonym of Rubritrochus declivis (Forskål, 1775)
• Gibbula De Gregorii Caramagna, 1888: synonym of Ethminolia degregorii (Caramagna, 1888)
• Gibbula delicata Coen 1937: synonym of Gibbula leucophaea (Philippi, 1836)
• Gibbula distincta Turton, 1932: synonym of Gibbula multicolor (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula docastana Preston, 1909: synonym of Eurytrochus strangei (Adams, A., 1853)
• Gibbula filosa Garrett, 1872: synonym of Eurytrochus danieli (Crosse, 1862)
• Gibbula forskadauri Nordsieck 1982: synonym of Gibbula magus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Gibbula fucata Gould, 1861: synonym of Gibbula multicolor (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula fulgens Gould, 1861 :^[9] synonym of Gibbula cicer (Menke, 1844)
• Gibbula funiculata Carpenter, 1864: synonym of Lirularia lirulata (Carpenter, 1864)
• Gibbula galbina Hedley & May, 1908: synonym of Nanula galbina H(edley & May, 1908)
• Gibbula gaudiosa Gould, 1861: synonym of Gibbula cicer (Menke, 1844)
• Gibbula gibbosula Brusina, 1865: synonym of Gibbula racketti (Payraudeau, 1826)
• Gibbula globulosa Turton, 1932: synonym of Gibbula cicer (Menke, 1844)
• Gibbula gorgonarum P. Fisher, 1883 : synonym of Callumbonella suturalis (Philippi, 1836)
• Gibbula huberi Oberling, 1970: synonym of Gibbula vimontiae Monterosato, 1884
• Gibbula incinta Sowerby, 1894: synonym of Gibbula tryoni Pilsbry, 1889
• Gibbula ivanicsi Brusina: synonym of Gibbula adansonii Payraudeau, 1826
• Gibbula isseli Monterosato, 1888: synonym of Gibbula racketti (Payraudeau, 1826)
• Gibbula kalinota Adams A. 1851: synonym of Gibbula ardens Von Salis, 179)
• Gibbula kowiensis Turton, 1932: synonym of Gibbula benzi (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula lacunata Carpenter, 1864: synonym of Lirularia lirulata (Carpenter, 1864)
• Gibbula lauta Turton, 1932: synonym of Gibbula multicolor (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula legrandi Tate, R. & May, W.L. 1901: synonym of Minopa legrandi (Petterd, 1879)
• Gibbula macculochi Hedley, 1907: synonym of Eurytrochus maccullochi (Hedley, C., 1907)
• Gibbula marmorea (Pease, 1861): synonym of Calliotrochus marmoreus (Pease, 1861)
• Gibbula micans Suter, 1897: synonym of Cantharidus artizona A. Adams, 1853
• Gibbula miniata (Anton, 1838): synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838)
• Gibbula musiva Gould, 1861: synonym of Gibbula cicer (Menke, 1844)
• Gibbula nassauiensis "Chemnitz, J.H." Stearns, R.E.C., 1893: synonym of Gibbula senegalensis Menke, 1853
• Gibbula obesula Locard, 1898: synonym of Calliostoma obesulum (Locard, 1898)
• Gibbula obliquata (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Gibbula umbilicalis (da Costa, 1778)
• Gibbula optabilis Carpenter, 1864: synonym of Lirularia lirulata (Carpenter, 1864)
• Gibbula ornata Turton, 1932: synonym of Gibbula multicolor (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula pantanellii Caramagna, 1888: synonym of Monilea pantanellii (Caramagna, 1888)
• Gibbula parcipicta Carpenter, 1864: synonym of Lirularia lirulata (Carpenter, 1864)
• Gibbula perspectiva G.B. Sowerby, 1900: synonym of Agagus agagus Jousseaume, 1894
• Gibbula pintado Gould, 1861: synonym of Gibbula benzi (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula phasianella (Deshayes, 1863): synonym of Calliotrochus marmoreus (Pease, 1861)
• Gibbula polychroma Turton, 1932: synonym of Gibbula multicolor (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula protumida Locard 1886: synonym of Gibbula magus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Gibbula pseudotumida Nordsieck, 1982: synonym of Gibbula racketti (Payraudeau, 1826)
• Gibbula pulchella Turton, 1932: synonym of Gibbula multicolor (Krauss, 1848)
• Gibbula pulcherrima A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Rubritrochus pulcherrimus (A. Adams, 1855)
• Gibbula punctocostata A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Astele punctocostata (A. Adams, 1853)
• Gibbula purpurata Brusina, 1865 : synonym of Gibbula rarilineata (Michaud, 1829)
• Gibbula purpurea Coen 1930: synonym of Gibbula albida Gmelin, 1791
• Gibbula pygmaea Risso, 1826: synonym of Gibbula racketti (Payraudeau, 1826)
• Gibbula richardi (Payraudeau, 1826): synonym of Phorcus richardi (Payraudeau, 1826)
• Gibbula rotella Monterosato 1888: synonym of Gibbula nivosa A. Adams, 1851
• Gibbula redimita Gould, 1861: synonym of Lirularia redimita (Gould, 1861)
• Gibbula reedi Verco, 1907: synonym of Fossarina (Minopa) reedi (Verco, 1907)
• Gibbula reevei (Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1866): synonym of Trochus reevei Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1866
• Gibbula sanguinea Risso 1826: synonym of Gibbula ardens Von Salis, 179)
• Gibbula sepulchralis (Melvill, 1899): synonym of Priotrochus obscurus obscurus (Wood, 1828)
• Gibbula specialis Coen 1937: synonym of Gibbula divaricata (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Gibbula subcincta Monterosato 1888: synonym of Gibbula ardens Von Salis, 179)
• Gibbula sulcosa Adams A. 1851: synonym of Gibbula ardens Von Salis, 179)
• Gibbula sulliottii Monterosato, 1888: synonym of Gibbula adansonii (Payraudeau, 1826)
• Gibbula taiwanensis Chen, 2006 : synonym of Pseudotalopia taiwanensis (Chen, 2006)
• Gibbula tasmanica Petterd, 1879: synonym of Nanula tasmanica (Petterd, 1879)
• Gibbula tesserula Tenison-Woods, 1880: synonym of Chlorodiloma odontis (W. Wood, 1828)
• Gibbula thalia Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Gibbula cicer (Menke, 1844)
• Gibbula thiara Coen 1930: synonym of Gibbula albida Gmelin, 1791
• Gibbula townsendi Sowerby III, 1895: synonym of Agagus agagus Jousseaume, 1894
• Gibbula tuberculosa auct. non d'Orbigny, 1842: synonym of Arene bitleri Olsson & McGinty, 1958
• Gibbula variegata Risso, 1826: synonym of Gibbula varia (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Gibbula venusta Adams A. 1851: synonym of Gibbula ardens Von Salis, 179)
• Gibbula virescens Nordsieck 1972: synonym of Gibbula adansonii (Payraudeau, 1826)
• Gibbula vulcanica Coen 1930: synonym of Gibbula magus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Gibbula whitechurchi Turton, 1932: synonym of Ilanga whitechurchi (Turton, 1932)

Nomen dubium

• Gibbula rosea (Gmelin, 1791)

References

1. Risso A. (1826). H.N. Europe 4: 134.
2. Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2011). Gibbula Risso, 1826. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138590 on 2011-04-02
3. G.W. Tryon (1889) Manual of Conchology XI p. 12
4. MarLIN: The Marine Life Information Network for Britain & Ireland
5. gastropods.com
6. The Paleobiology Database: Gibbula
7. George Washington Tryon, Structural and systematic conchology: an introduction to the study of the Mollusca, p. 219; 1882
8. Gastropods.com: Gibbula (Gibbula) aurantia
9. Gastropods.com: Gibbula fulgens

• Risso, A. (1826). Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. Paris: F.G. Levrault. Vol. 4: IV, 1-439, 12 pls.
• Fischer-Piette E., Gaillard J.-M. & Kisch B.S. (1962). Les variations, du Nord au Sud, de Gibbula cineraria L. et ses rapports avec Calliostoma strigosum Gmel.. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, nouvelle série, série A, Zoologie 28(1): 32 pp., 12 pl.
• Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
• Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
• Monterosato T. A. (di) (1889 (1 gennaio)). Coquilles marines marocaines. Journal de Conchyliologie 37(1): 20-40; 37(2): 112-121.

External links

• Monterosato T. A. (di) (1884). Nomenclatura generica e specifica di alcune conchiglie mediterranee. Palermo, Virzi, 152 pp
• Monterosato T. A. (di) (1889 (1 gennaio)). Coquilles marines marocaines. Journal de Conchyliologie 37(1): 20-40; 37(2): 112-121