Graecopithecus
| Graecopithecus freybergi Temporal range: Late Miocene | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Family: | Hominidae |
| Genus: | Graecopithecus von Koenigswald, 1972 |
| Species: | G. freybergi |
| Binomial name | |
| Graecopithecus freybergi von Koenigswald, 1972[1][2] | |
Graecopithecus freybergi is a hominid known only by a single fragment of skull from 1944.[2]
The mandible with a (tertiary molar) m3 that is very worn, the root of a (secondary molar) m2 and a fragment of a (premolar) p3 is from the Tour la Reine site[3] and is dated from the late Miocene. Excavation of the site is not possible (1986) due to the owner having built a swimming pool on the location.[4] The mandible was found on the Greek mainland at Pyrgos Vassilissis, north west of Athens.[5]
G. freybergi is considered as being perhaps the same as Ouranopithecus macedoniensis.[6][7][3] The hominid is the least well known of those found within Europe.[8]
Notes
- ↑ Andrews & Franzen 1984
- 1 2 Cameron 2004, p. 184
- 1 2 Casanovas‐Vilar et al. 2011
- ↑ de Bonis et al. 1986, p. 107
- ↑ de Bonis & Koufos 1999, p. 230
- ↑ Koufos & de Bonis 2005
- ↑ Smith et al. 2004
- ↑ Begun 2002, p. 361
References
- Andrews, Peter; Franzen, Jens Lorenz, eds. (1984). The Early Evolution of Man: With Emphasis on Southeast Asia and Africa. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 0341-4116 69. Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. ISBN 9783924500054.
- Begun, David R. (2002). "European Hominoids". In Hartwig, Walter. The Primate Fossil Record. Cambridge University Press. pp. 339–368. ISBN 9780521663151.
- Cameron, David W. (2004). Hominid adaptations and extinctions. UNSW Press. ISBN 9780868407166.
- Casanovas‐Vilar, Isaac; Alba, David M.; Garcés, Miguel; Robles, Josep M.; Moyà‐Solà, Salvador (April 2011). "An updated chronology of the Miocene radiation in Western Eurasia" (PDF). PNAS 108 (14): 5554–5549. doi:10.1073/pnas.1018562108. PMC 3078397. PMID 21436034.
- de Bonis, L.; Bouvrain, G.; Koufos, G.; Melentis, J. (1986). "Succession and dating of the late Miocene primates of Macedonia". In Lee, Phyllis C.; Else, James G. Primate Evolution. Proceedings of the Tenth Congress of the International Primatological Society: Held in Nairobi, Kenya, in July 1984, International Primatological Society. Congress 1. CUP Archive. ISBN 9780521324502.
- de Bonis, Louis; Koufos, George D. (1999). "The Miocene large mammal succession in Greece". In Agustí, Jorge; Rook, Lorenzo; Andrews, Peter. Hominoid Evolution and Climatic Change in Europe: Volume 1, The Evolution of Neogene Terrestrial Ecosystems in Europe. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521640978.
- Koufos, George D.; de Bonis, Louis (July–September 2005). "The Late Miocene hominoids Ouranopithecus and Graecopithecus. Implications about their relationships and taxonomy". Annales de Paléontologie 91 (3): 227–240. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2005.05.001.
- Smith, Tanya M.; Martin, Lawrence B.; Reid, Donald J.; de Bonis, Louis; Koufos, George D. (2004). "An examination of the dental development in Graecopithecus freybergi (Ouranopithecus macedoniensis)" (PDF). Journal of Human Evolution 46: 551–577. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.01.006. PMID 15120265.
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