Griffintown
| Griffintown | |
|---|---|
| Neighbourhood | |
|
Mountain Street in Griffintown | |
  Griffintown Location of Griffintown in Montreal | |
| Coordinates: 45°29′15″N 73°34′00″W / 45.48756°N 73.56677°W | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Quebec |
| City | Montreal |
| Borough | Le Sud-Ouest |
| Area[1][2] | |
| • Land | 1.31 km2 (0.51 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 20 m (70 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1][2] | |
| • Total | 6,446 |
| • Density | 4,920.6/km2 (12,744/sq mi) |
| • Change (2006-11) |
 67.3% |
| • Dwellings | 4,714 |
Griffintown is the name given to the former southwestern downtown part of Montreal, Quebec, which existed from the 1820s until the 1960s and was mainly populated by Irish immigrants and their descendants.
One can identify Griffintown as the portion of the ward of St. Ann located north of the Lachine Canal; the part south of the canal is now part of Pointe-Saint-Charles. This part of the ward was delimited by Notre-Dame Street to the North, the Bonaventure Expressway to the east, and a short segment of the city limit between Notre-Dame Street and the canal west of the St. Gabriel Locks to the west.[3] It was the earliest and largest faubourg annexed to Old Montreal before the introduction of the tram car in the 1840s.
Etymology
The name Griffintown was derived from Mary Griffin. Griffin illegally obtained the lease to the land from a business associate of Thomas McCord in 1799. She then commissioned land surveyor Louis Charland to subdivide the land and plan streets for the area in 1804. Griffin's husband, Robert, owned a soap manufactory in the area and went on to become the first clerk of the Bank of Montreal upon its formation in 1817.[4]
History
Griffintown was first populated in the early nineteenth century mostly by Irish immigrant labourers. They worked on the Lachine Canal and the industries surrounding it, the Victoria Bridge, railways, and the Port of Montreal.
The Irish community was centered on St. Ann's Catholic Church, which opened in 1854 at the corner of McCord (now Mountain Street) and Basin Streets, across from Gallery Square, which was named after the Gallery brothers, John Daniel Gallery, who ran a large and successful bakery and his brother Daniel Gallery who was an alderman of Montreal, Schools commissioner and a Liberal member of parliament.
By the early twentieth century, the Irish were being replaced by Jewish, Italian, Ukrainian, and Francophone communities, with the Irish becoming a minority group by 1941.
Post-war economic changes beginning in the 1950s led to the depopulation of "The Griff". The Lachine Canal lost its role as a major transport artery when it was replaced by the Saint Lawrence Seaway in 1959.
In 1962, Griffintown was re-zoned as "light industrial". Many buildings were demolished in the 1960s to make way for the Bonaventure Expressway[4] and for parking lots.
In 1970 St. Ann's Church was demolished,[4] and is now the site of the Parc Griffintown-St-Ann, where parts of the church's foundations remain visible, and park benches are positioned where the pews would have been. By 1971, the population of Griffintown was 810.
In 1990, the area was renamed the "Faubourg des Recollets", and only somewhat resembles what it once was due to the historical architecture that remains. The Cité Multimédia was built partly above the ruins. The remainders are preserved in the McCord Museum.
In 2014, Griffintown is part of an ongoing movement to introduce a "Quartier de l'innovation" to lower Montreal.[5] This area would look to foster creativity and entrepreneurship in the city, designed to promote and encourage economic development for district residents.
Revitalization
In October 2012, the city of Montreal revealed its plans concerning the revitalization of the Griffintown area, with a desire to transform what was once an industrial, vacant area into a pleasant, family-oriented neighborhood. In order to do this, the city plans on implanting parks, playgrounds, bicycle paths and building dozens of condos in the area, ranging from 10 to 20 stories high.
Another goal of the project is to preserve the historical significance of some century-old buildings, in harmony with the newer condos being built. The Griffintown project is expected to be completed by 2025.
Starting mid-2013, a large condominium housing project began in the south-eastern part of Griffintown, next to the Lachine Basin. Lots between Smith, Ann, Wellington and Murray streets see the construction of three 40-storey apartment towers overlooking both the downtown and the Lachine Canal, to be completed in 2015. Under the name "District Griffin", the project is aimed at allowing young professional families to obtain homes closer to the downtown's central elements: the business district and the international district.
Administrative status
Today, this area is part of the borough of Le Sud-Ouest. It spans theoretically from the neighbourhood of Point St. Charles to the Old Port, and north to Notre-Dame Street. Currently, it holds the stables (the Griffintown Horse Palace, at the corner of Ottawa and Eleanor) for the horses that provide tours in carriages (calèche) around the Old Port. Many technological companies built office space in the area, and École de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS) built its residence there. Very few residents still live in the area, and very little of the original architecture remains, however. Because of its location, some residential projects are taking shape, including Lowney Lofts, a multi-phase condominium project revitalizing a chocolate factory and the surrounding block.
In 2006, the project to move the Montreal Casino to the Peel Basin, as part of an entertainment complex in partnership with the Cirque du Soleil, caused a controversy because of the social impact of the establishment of gambling in an underprivileged district. The project was finally abandoned. In July 2007, promoter Devimco announced plans to develop 12 hectares of the neighborhood into a modern complex of office towers and residential homes.[6]
On the City of Montreal Website, additional plans to update the now-renamed Griffintown are described.
Culture
Michel Régnier made a film on the subject in 1972, which used archival photos of Griffintown, along with interviews of former residents in order to paint a picture of the landscape, community, and a people. Richard Burman made a documentary in 2003 call 'Ghosts of Griffintown'. It starts off telling the story of Mary Gallagher, a prostitute who was brutally murdered in 1879 and returns every seven years to William Street in search of her head. It then explores the history using this story as a metaphor on how the community itself has disappeared like a ghost.[7] Alan Hustak has written a book 'The Ghost of Griffintown' which explores in great detail the murder of Mary Gallagher.[8] Lisa Gasior created the Griffinsound Project that is a walking tour designed to be completed individually. It provides a background and interviews regarding the changing landscape of this space.[9]
Demographics
| Language | Population | Pct (%) |
|---|---|---|
| French | 1,640 | 45% |
| English | 1,550 | 42% |
| Both English and French | 50 | 1% |
| Other languages | 450 | 12% |
See also
References
- 1 2 "Census Profile: Census Tract: 4620070.00". Canada 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. Retrieved 1 April 2012.
- 1 2 "Census Profile: Census Tract: 4620069.00". Canada 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ↑ Pinsoneault, Adolphe Rodrigue. Atlas of the island and city of Montreal and Ile Bizard : a compilation of the most recent cadastral plans from the book of reference. Atlas Publishing Co. Ltd: 1907. Pp. 22. Available online from Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec. Accessed July 5, 2011.
- 1 2 3 "Griffintown and Point St. Charles (Trail)". Quebec Anglophone Heritage Network. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-12-09.
- ↑ http://quartierinnovationmontreal.com/en/discover-qi/
- ↑ "Mega-Project Proposed". 940 MONTREAL. Retrieved 2007-11-28.
- ↑ Ghosts of Griffinitown: Stories of an Irish Neighbourhood
- ↑ Montreal Mirror : The Front Page : Local Legends
- ↑ Sounding Griffintown
External links
- Committee for the Sustainable Redevelopment of Griffintown Web site
- Quebec Heritage Web site
- The Siege of Griffintown, Montreal Mirror
- Last Irishman standing, Montreal Mirror
- Ghosts of Griffinitown: Stories of an Irish Neighbourhood
- Sounding Griffintown
- McCord Museum. Griffintown Game, the Irish in Montreal
Coordinates: 45°29′15″N 73°34′00″W / 45.48756°N 73.56677°W
