Grotrian diagram
A Grotrian diagram of the hydrogen atom. Only transitions between adjacent columns are allowed, as per the selection rule Δl = ±1.
A Grotrian diagram or term diagram shows the allowed electronic transitions between the energy levels of atoms. They can be used for one electron and multi electron atoms. They take into account the specific selection rules related to changes in angular momentum of the electron. The diagrams are named after Walter Grotrian, who introduced them in his 1928 paper Graphische Darstellung der Spektren von Atomen und Molekülen mit 1, 2 und 3 Valenzelektronen (Graphical representation of the spectra of atoms and molecules with 1, 2 and 3 valence electrons).
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