European United Left (1989–93)

European United Left
European parliamentary group
Name	European United Left
English abbr.	EUL^[1]
French abbr.	GUE^[2]^[3]
Formal name	Group for the European United Left^[4]
Ideology	Left-wing politics
From	25 July 1989^[5]
To	January 1993^[6]
Preceded by	Communist and Allies Group
Succeeded by	European United Left (1994–1995)
Chaired by	Luigi Alberto Colajanni^[4]
MEP(s)	28 (25 July 1989)

The Group for the European United Left was a left-wing political group with seats in the European Parliament between 1989 and 1993.

History

The Group for the European United Left^[4] (EUL) was formed on 25 July 1989.^[5]

It consisted of MEPs from the Danish Socialist People's Party, the Italian Communist Party, the United Left of Spain (including the Spanish Communist Party) and the Greek Synaspismós. It was later joined by the Democratic Left of Ireland's sole MEP.

EUL collapsed in January 1993^[6] when the Italian Communist Party dissolved itself to establish the post-communist Democratic Party of the Left, with its MEPs leaving the EUL group to join the Party of European Socialists.^[7]

Sources

Development of Political Groups in the European Parliament^[3]
Europe Politique^[5]
Democracy in the European Parliament^[1]
European Parliament MEP Archives^[4]
Political Groups of the European Parliament^[2]
"European Union: Power and Policy-Making" second edition, ISBN 0-415-22164-1^[6]

References

1 2 Democracy in the European Parliament
1 2 Political Groups of the European Parliament
1 2 Development of Political Groups in the European Parliament
1 2 3 4 European Parliament profile of Luigi Alberto Colajanni
1 2 3 EUL/NGL on Europe Politique
1 2 3 "European Union: Power and Policy-Making" second edition, ISBN 0-415-22164-1 Published 2001 by Routledge, edited by Jeremy John Richardson, Chapter 6 "Parliaments and policy-making in the European Union", esp. page 125, "Table 6.2 Party Groups in the European Parliament, 1979-2000"
↑ Kurt Richard Luther; Ferdinand Müller-Rommel (2002). Political Parties in the New Europe: Political and Analytical Challenges. Oxford University Press. pp. 307–. ISBN 978-0-19-925322-7.

Political groups of the European Parliament

European People's Party (216)
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (190)
European Conservatives and Reformists (75)
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (69)
European United Left–Nordic Green Left (52)
The Greens–European Free Alliance (50)
Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy (45)
Europe of Nations and Freedom (38)
Non-Inscrits (15)

Previous groups

Far-Right Nationalists	European Right (1984–89) European Right (1989–94) Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty (2007)

National Conservatives	European Democratic Union (1965–1973) European Progressive Democrats (1973–1984) European Democratic Alliance (1984–1995) Union for Europe (1995–1999) Union for Europe of the Nations (1999–2009)

Christian Democrats/Conservatives	Christian Democrats (1953–1979) European People's Party (1979–1999) European Conservatives (1973–1979) European Democrats (1979–1992) Forza Europa (1994–1995) European People's Party–European Democrats (1999–2009)

Liberals/Centrists	Liberals and Allies (1953–1976) Liberals and Democrats (1976–1985) Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group (1985–1994) European Radical Alliance (1994–1999) European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (1994–2004)

Social Democrats	Socialists (1953–1993) Party of European Socialists (1993-2009)

Communists/Far-Left	Communists and Allies (1973–1989) European United Left (1989–93) Left Unity (1989–1994) European United Left (1994–95)

Greens/Regionalists	Rainbow Group (1984–89) Rainbow Group (1989–94) Greens (1989–1999)

Eurosceptics	Europe of Nations (1994–1996) Independents for a Europe of Nations (1996–1999) Europe of Democracies and Diversities (1999–2004) Independence/Democracy (2004–2009) Europe of Freedom and Democracy (2009–2014)

Heterogeneous	Technical Group of Independents (1979–84) Technical Group of Independents (1999–2001)

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