List of countries by firearm-related death rate
This is a historical list of countries by firearm-related death rate per 100,000 population in one year.
It should be noted that the following list includes suicides, accidental fatalities, and justifiable homicides.
Not included are suicides by other means, homicides by other means, accidental deaths by other means, and/or justifiable deaths by other means.
List
- This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Country | Total | Method of Calculation | Homicides | Suicides | Unintentional | Undetermined | Sources and notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Argentina | 6.36 | (2009) | 2.58 (2012) | 1.57 (2009) | 0.05 (2009) | 2.57 (2009) | Guns in Argentina[1][2] |
Australia | 0.93 | (2013) | 0.16 (2013) | 0.74 (2013) | 0.02 (2013) | 0.02 (2013) | Guns in Australia[3] |
Austria | 2.63 | (2011) | 0.10 (2011) | 2.43 (2011) | 0.01 (2009) | 0.04 (2011) | Guns in Austria[4] |
Azerbaijan | 0.30 | (incomplete) | 0.27 (2010) | 0.01 (2007) | 0.02 (2007) | unavailable | Guns in Azerbaijan[5] |
Barbados | 3.12 | (incomplete) | 3.12 (2013) | unavailable | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Barbados[6] |
Belarus | 0.23 | (incomplete) | 0.14 (2009) | unavailable | 0.09 (1996) | unavailable | Guns in Belarus[7] |
Belgium | 1.82 | (2010) | 0.33 (2010) | 1.33 (2010) | 0.02 (2010) | 0.14 (2010) | Guns in Belgium[8] |
Bolivia | 0.74 | (incomplete) | 0.74 (2010) | unavailable | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Bolivia[9] |
Brazil | 19.72 | (mixed years) | 18.79 (2010) | 0.74 (2000) | 0.18 (2000) | 0.01 (2000) | Guns in Brazil[10] |
Bulgaria | 1.71 | (2012) | 0.34 (2012) | 0.97 (2012) | 0.23 (2012) | 0.10 (2012) | Guns in Bulgaria[11] |
Canada | 1.97 | (mixed years) | 0.38 (2013) | 1.52 (2011) | 0.05 (2011) | 0.02 (2011) | Statistics Canada [12] |
Chile | 1.95 | (mixed years) | 1.02 (2011) | 0.81 (2009) | 0.08 (2009) | 0.04 (2001) | Guns in Chile[13] |
Colombia | 25.94 | (mixed years) | 23.93 (2013) | 0.87 (2009) | 0.11 (2009) | 1.03 (2009) | Guns in Colombia[14] |
Costa Rica | 7.50 | (mixed years) | 5.92 (2013) | 1.27 (2002) | 0.07 (2002) | 0.24 (2000) | Guns in Costa Rica[15] |
Croatia | 2.68 | (2012) | 0.40 (2012) | 2.37 (2012) | 0.05 (2012) | 0.02 (2010) | Guns in Croatia[16] |
Cyprus | 1.87 | (mixed years) | 1.05 (2012) | 0.58 (2011) | 0.12 (2009) | 0.12 (2010) | Guns in Cyprus[17] |
Czech Republic | 2.01 | (2012) | 0.15 (2012) | 1.66 (2012) | 0.09 (2012) | 0.13 (2012) | Guns in Czech Republic[18] |
Denmark | 1.28 | (2011) | 0.22 (2011) | 1.09 (2011) | 0.04 (2008) | 0.02 (2010) | Guns in Denmark[19] |
El Salvador | 26.77 | (incomplete) | 26.49 (2013) | 0.13 (2009) | 0.15 (1999) | unavailable | Guns in El Salvador[20] |
Estonia | 2.67 | (2012) | 0.15 (2012) | 2.11 (2012) | 0.15 (2011) | 0.30 (2012) | Guns in Estonia[21] |
Finland | 3.25 | (2013) | 0.32 (2012) | 2.94 (2013) | 0.02 (2011) | 0.02 (2010) | Guns in Finland[22][23] |
France | 2.83 | (2012) | 0.21 (2012) | 2.16 (2012) | 0.04 (2012) | 0.41 (2012) | Guns in France[24] |
Georgia | 1.98 | (mixed years) | 0.49 (2010) | 0.09 (2009) | 1.00 (2009) | 0.40 (2010) | Guns in Georgia[25] |
Germany | 1.01 | (2012) | 0.07 (2012) | 0.84 (2012) | 0.01 (2012) | 0.08 (2012) | Guns in Germany[26] |
Greece | 1.52 | (2011) | 0.53 (2011) | 0.86 (2011) | 0.06 (2011) | 0.00 (1998) | Guns in Greece[27] |
Guatemala | 34.10 | (mixed years) | 29.62 (2013) | 0.34 (2009) | 1.33 (2009) | 2.81 (2009) | Guns in Guatemala[28] |
Honduras | 67.18 | (incomplete) | 66.64 (2013) | 0.41 (2013) | 0.13 (2013) | unavailable | Guns in Honduras[29] |
Hong Kong | 0.03 | (mixed years) | 0.00 (2004) | 0.03 (1999) | 0.00 (1996) | 0.00 (1996) | Guns in Hong Kong[30] |
Hungary | 0.95 | (2012) | 0.11 (2012) | 0.81 (2012) | 0.02 (2012) | 0.02 (2012) | Guns in Hungary[31] |
Iceland | 1.25 | (incomplete) | 0.00 (2012) | 1.25 (2009) | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Iceland[32] |
India | 0.28 | (2014) | 0.30 (2009) | 0.14 (2008) | 0.04 (2008) | unavailable | Guns in India[33][34] |
Israel | 2.10 | (2011) | 1.04 (2011) | 0.67 (2011) | 0.05 (2011) | 0.26 (2011) | Guns in Israel[35] |
Italy | 1.31 | (2010) | 0.35 (2010) | 0.87 (2010) | 0.09 (2010) | 0.02 (2010) | Guns in Italy[36] |
Jamaica | 30.72 | (incomplete) | 30.38 (2013) | 0.34 (1995) | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Jamaica[37] |
Japan | 0.06 | (mixed years) | 0.00 (2008) | 0.04 (1999) | 0.01 (1999) | 0.01 (1999) | Guns in Japan[38] |
Kuwait | 0.36 | (mixed years) | 0.36 (1995) | 0.00 (1999) | 0.00 (2000) | 0.00 (2000) | Guns in Kuwait[39] |
Kyrgyzstan | 1.01 | (2010) | 0.53 (2010) | 0.07 (2010) | 0.28 (2010) | 0.13 (2010) | Guns in Kyrgyzstan[40] |
Latvia | 1.43 | (2010) | 0.18 (2010) | 0.94 (2010) | 0.04 (2010) | 0.27 (2010) | Guns in Latvia[41] |
Luxembourg | 1.19 | (2011) | 0.00 (2011) | 1.16 (2011) | 0.22 (2004) | 0.39 (2010) | Guns in Luxembourg[42] |
Macedonia | 1.69 | (mixed years) | 0.91 (2011) | 0.63 (2010) | 0.15 (2010) | 0.00 (1997) | Guns in Macedonia[43] |
Mexico | 7.64 | (mixed years) | 6.34 (2015) | 0.44 (2014) | 0.40 (2014) | 0.46 (2014) | Guns in Mexico[44] |
Moldova | 1.03 | (2011) | 0.45 (2011) | 0.42 (2011) | 0.08 (2011) | 0.08 (2011) | Guns in Moldova[45] |
Montenegro | 8.91 | (incomplete) | 2.42 (2011) | 6.49 (2009) | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Montenegro[46] |
Netherlands | 0.58 | (2011) | 0.29 (2011) | 0.28 (2011) | 0.01 (2010) | 0.01 (2010) | Guns in Netherlands[47] |
New Zealand | 1.07 | (mixed years) | 0.18 (2013) | 0.84 (2011) | 0.05 (2010) | 0.00 (2010) | Guns in New Zealand[48] |
Nicaragua | 4.68 | (mixed years) | 3.72 (2012) | 0.34 (2010) | 0.16 (2010) | 0.46 (2010) | Guns in Nicaragua[49] |
Norway | 1.75 | (2012) | 0.10 (2012) | 1.63 (2012) | 0.02 (2012) | 0.00 (2008) | Guns in Norway[50] |
Panama | 15.11 | (mixed years) | 14.36 (2013) | 0.57 (2009) | 0.06 (2002) | 0.12 (2009) | Guns in Panama[51] |
Paraguay | 7.76 | (mixed years) | 5.78 (2013) | 1.16 (2009) | 0.30 (2009) | 0.52 (2009) | Guns in Paraguay[52] |
Peru | 5.53 | (mixed years) | 4.22 (2013) | 0.07 (2009) | 0.93 (2007) | 0.31 (2007) | Guns in Peru[53] |
Philippines | 8.90 | (incomplete) | 8.90 (2003) | unavailable | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Philippines[54] |
Poland | 0.26 | (2011) | 0.04 (2011) | 0.09 (2011) | 0.03 (2011) | 0.10 (2011) | Guns in Poland[55] |
Portugal | 1.58 | (mixed years) | 0.42 (2012) | 1.01 (2011) | 0.03 (2011) | 0.12 (2011) | Guns in Portugal[56] |
Qatar | 0.15 | (incomplete) | 0.15 (2004) | unavailable | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Qatar[57] |
Romania | 0.14 | (mixed years) | 0.04 (2012) | 0.06 (2011) | 0.04 (2011) | 0.00 (2011) | Guns in Romania[58] |
Serbia | 3.49 | (2012) | 0.61 (2012) | 2.49 (2012) | 0.14 (2012) | 0.29 (2012) | Guns in Serbia[59] |
Singapore | 0.16 | (mixed years) | 0.02 (2006) | 0.12 (1998) | 0.02 (1998) | 0.00 (1998) | Guns in Singapore[60] |
Slovakia | 1.83 | (mixed years) | 0.26 (2012) | 0.94 (2010) | 0.39 (2010) | 0.24 (2010) | Guns in Slovakia[61] |
Slovenia | 2.64 | (mixed years) | 0.20 (2012) | 2.34 (2010) | 0.05 (2009) | 0.05 (2010) | Guns in Slovenia[62] |
South Africa | 13.61 | (2008) | 12.61 (2007) | 0.87 (2008) | 0.02 (1999) | 0.11 (1999) | Guns in South Africa[63] |
South Korea | 0.08 | (mixed years) | 0.02 (2011) | 0.04 (2002) | 0.01 (2002) | 0.01 (2002) | Guns in South Korea[64] |
Spain | 0.62 | (mixed years) | 0.15 (2010) | 0.42 (2010) | 0.05 (2010) | 0.00 (2007) | Guns in Spain[65] |
Swaziland | 37.16 | (incomplete) | 37.16 (2004) | unavailable | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Swaziland[66] |
Sweden | 1.47 | (2010) | 0.19 (2010) | 1.20 (2010) | 0.06 (2010) | 0.01 (2010) | Guns in Sweden[67] |
Switzerland | 3.08 | (mixed years) | 0.23 (2013) | 2.68 (2011) | 0.10 (1998) | 0.07 (1994) | Guns in Switzerland[68] |
Taiwan | 0.87 | (mixed years) | 0.60 (2008) | 0.12 (1994) | 0.11 (1994) | 0.04 (1994) | Guns in Taiwan[69] |
Ukraine | 0.24 | (incomplete) | 0.24 (2009) | unavailable | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Ukraine[70] |
United Kingdom | 0.23 | (2011) | 0.06 (2011) | 0.15 (2011) | 0.00 (2011) | 0.02 (2011) | Guns in the United Kingdom[71] |
United States | 10.54 | (2014) | 3.43 (2014) | 6.69 (2014) | 0.18 (2014) | 0.08 (2014) | Guns in United States[72] |
Uruguay | 11.52 | (mixed years) | 4.78 (2013) | 4.68 (2009) | 2.00 (2009) | 0.06 (2009) | Guns in Uruguay[73] |
Venezuela | 59.13 | (mixed years) | 39.00 (2009) | 0.48 (2007) | 0.17 (2007) | 19.48 (2007) | Guns in Venezuela[74] |
Zimbabwe | 0.39 | (mixed years) | 0.3 (2007) | 0.09 (1995) | unavailable | unavailable | Guns in Zimbabwe[75] |
Country | Total | How Calculated | Homicides | Suicides | Unintentional | Undetermined | Sources and notes |
Charts and graphs
-
List of countries by firearm-related death rate
See also
- Firearm death rates in the United States by state
- List of countries by intentional homicide rate
- List of countries by suicide rate
- Number of guns per capita by country
- List of cities by murder rate
- List of U.S. states by homicide rate
- List of United States cities by crime rate (2012). 250,000+
- United States cities by crime rate (100,000–250,000)
- United States cities by crime rate (60,000-100,000)
- Index of gun politics articles
Sources
- (Krug 1998) EG Krug, KE Powell and LL Dahlberg. "Firearm-related deaths in the United States and 35 other high- and upper-middle-income countries.", International Journal of Epidemiology 1998.[76] Statistics among 36 countries between 1990 and 1995.
- (UNODC 2002)The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2001–2002). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 2005.[77] This report provides more updated information on homicide by firearms, but not on suicide by firearms.
- (UNODC 2000)The Seventh United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (1998–2000). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 2002.[78] This report provides more updated information on homicide by firearms, but not on suicide by firearms.
- (Barrow 2000) Greg Barrow. "SA gun deaths rise", BBC, 2000-02-15.[79]
- (Kaiser 2004) Deaths Due to Injury by Firearms per 100,000 Population, 2004. StateHealthFacts.org, 2008-04-08 [80]
- (GunCite 2008) International Homicide Comparisons. GunCite.com, 2008-04-08 [81]
- (CDC 2012) Fatal Injury Mapping (2004–2006). CDC.gov, 2012-02-05 [82]
- (GunPolicy 2012) Global Impacts of Gun Violence. GunPolicy.org, 2012-02-10 [83]
- (UNODC 2012) UNODC Homicide Statistics 2012 [84]
- (Victims of crime survey 2011) Victims of crime survey 2011 – 9.7 The use of weapons when crime is committed [85]
- (WHO 2012) European Detailed Mortality Database [86] ICD-10: W32-W34,X72-X74,X93-X95,Y22-Y24
- GunPolicy.org. 2011. ‘Calculated Rates – Australia.’ UN World Population Prospects – Total Population (both sexes combined)
The figures are based mainly on surveys and reports by government agencies and subject to their reliability. In addition, the figures may vary significantly over the years due to changes in crime rate trend. The death rate is also sensitive to fluctuation if the absolute number of incidents is small and for countries with relatively small population such as Mauritius and Singapore
|
References
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Estonia: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Finland: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "“Something terrible has happened”: Does Finland need to wake up to its gun problem?". Retrieved 2015-12-30.
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Georgia: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Germany: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Greece: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Guatemala: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Honduras: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Hong Kong: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Hungary: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Iceland: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in India: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Number of Victims Murdered by Use of Fire Arms During 2014" (PDF). [National Crime Records Bureau]. Retrieved 2015-12-04.
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Italy: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Jamaica: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Japan: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Kuwait: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Kyrgyzstan: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Latvia: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Luxembourg: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Macedonia: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-19. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Mexico: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-20. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Moldova: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-20. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Montenegro: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-20. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Netherlands: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-20. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in New Zealand: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-20. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Nicaragua: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-20. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Norway: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-20. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Panama: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-21. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Paraguay: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-21. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Peru: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-21. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Philippines: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-21. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Poland: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-21. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Portugal: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-21. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Qatar: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Romania: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Serbia: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Singapore: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Slovakia: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Slovenia: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in South Africa: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in South Korea: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Spain: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Swaziland: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Sweden: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Switzerland: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Taiwan: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Ukraine: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in the United Kingdom: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "United States - Gun Facts, Figures and the Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2014-11-14. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Uruguay: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Venezuela — Gun Facts, Figures and the Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2014-01-27. External link in
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(help) - ↑ "Guns in Zimbabwe: Facts, Figures and Firearm Law". Gunpolicy.org. University of Sydney School of Public Health. Retrieved 2013-05-22. External link in
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(help) - ↑ EG Krug, KE Powell and LL Dahlberg. "Firearm-related deaths in the United States and 35 other high- and upper-middle-income countries." (PDF). International Journal of Epidemiology 1998:27:214-221.
- ↑ "The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2001–2002)". United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Retrieved 2008-05-09.
- ↑ "The Seventh United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (1998–2000)". United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Archived from the original on 2006-11-04. Retrieved 2006-11-08.
- ↑ Greg Barrow (2000-02-15). "SA gun deaths rise". BBC.
- ↑ Kaiser Family Foundation / statehealthfacts.org "Deaths Due to Injury by Firearms per 100,000 Population". StateHealthFacts.org. 2008-04-08.
- ↑ "International Homicide Comparisons". GunCite.com. 2008-04-08.
- ↑ "Fatal Injury Mapping". CDC.gov. 2012-02-05.
- ↑ "Global Impacts of Gun Violence". gunpolicy.org. 2012-02-10.
- ↑ "UNODC Homicide Statistics 2012". unodc.org.
- ↑ "Victims of crime survey 2011" (PDF). statssa.gov.za.
- ↑ "European Detailed Mortality Database". data.euro.who.int.