Gyeongjeon Line

Gyeongjeon Line
Overview
Native name	경전선(慶全線)
Type	Heavy rail, Passenger/Freight rail Regional rail, Intercity rail
Status	Operational
Locale	South Gyeongsang South Jeolla Gwangju
Termini	Samnangjin Gwangju Songjeong
Stations	45
Operation
Opened	Stages between 1905-1968
Owner	Korea Rail Network Authority
Operator(s)	Korail
Technical
Line length	289.5 km (179.9 mi)
No. of tracks	Double track (Nakdonggang - Jinju, Gwangyang - Suncheon) Single track
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	25 kV/60 Hz AC catenary (Samnangjin - Jinju, Gwangyang - Suncheon)
Route map Legend Gyeongbu Line 0.0 Samnangjin Gyeongbu Line Jungang Expressway Mijeon Line 1.7 Nakdonggang Nakdong River 9.8 Hallimjeong Former Line 14.1 Jinyeong Since 2010 17.3 Jinyeong Until 2010 National Route 14 18.0 Jille Since 2010 Busan New Harbor Line Namhae Expressway 28.2 Changwon Jungang Since 2010 22.4 Deoksan Namhae Expressway National Route 14 Deoksan Line 38.5 30.8 Changwon National Route 79 Jinhae Line 42.1 Masan 48.7 Jung-ri 57.6 Haman 64.6 Gunbuk 78.1 Banseong 91.4 Jinju 101.9 Yusu 107.3 Wansa 112.1 Dasolsa 116.6 Bukcheon 122.0 Yangbo 128.3 Hoengcheon 135.7 Hadong 143.5 Jinsang 148.1 Okkok 153.5 Gollyak Gyangyang Jecheol Line 160.3 Gwangyang 164.0 Pyeonghwa (Signal Box) Jeolla Line 168.3 Suncheon Jeolla Line 180.1 Wonchang 184.8 Guryong 191.7 Beolgyo 202.4 Joseong 207.7 Yedang 212.0 Deungnyang 221.1 Boseong 226.0 Gwanggok 229.9 Myeongbong 242.7 Iyang 254.9 Neungju 263.8 Hwasun 273.0 Nampyeong 278.4 Hyocheon 282.5 West Gwangju 286.8 East Songjeong (Signal Box) Gwangju Line Honam Line 289.5 Gwangju Songjeong Honam line

Gyeongjeon Line
Hangul	경전선
Hanja	慶全線
Revised Romanization	Gyeongjeonseon
McCune–Reischauer	Kyŏngjŏnsŏn

The Gyeongjeon Line (Gyeongjeonseon) is a railway line serving South Gyeongsang and South Jeolla Provinces in South Korea. It covers a total of 300.6 km, from Samnangjin Station in Miryang, South Gyeongsang, to Gwangju·Songjeong Station in Gwangju, South Jeolla.

History

An east-west railway along Korea's southern shore was long seen as a strategic route, but it took a number of attempts to complete the line.^[1] The first section of the line was opened as a branch from the newly built Gyeongbu Line at Samnangjin to Masan in May 1905, which was named the Masan Line.^[1] On December 1, 1923,^[2] the Jinju Line opened from Masan to Jinju, extending the line to 110.2 km (68.5 mi).^[1] A branch from Changwon on the Masan Line to Jinhae, the Jinhae Line, opened on November 11, 1926.^[2]

Meanwhile, construction started in the opposite direction from Songjeong-ri (today Gwangju·Songjeong) on the Honam Line, the other end of the future Gyeongjeon Line, with the first 14.9 km (9.3 mi) to Gwangju opened in July 1922.^[1] The 155.5 km (96.6 mi)^[1] Gwangju Line was completed to Yeosu on December 25, 1930.^[3] Six years later, on December 16, 1936, the Suncheon–Yeosu section became part of the newly established Jeolla Line,^[2] leaving the 134.6 km (83.6 mi) long Songjeong-ri–Suncheon section as the Gwangju Line.^[1]

Following the 1961 coup, the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction started South Korea's first five-year plan, which included a construction program to complete the railway network, to foster economic growth.^[1] As part of the program, work began on a line to plug the gap between Jinju and Suncheon on April 28, 1962.^[1] The difficult 80.5 km (50.0 mi) long section included 38 bridges with a total length of 1,697 m (5,568 ft) and 27 tunnels with a total length of 7.67 km (4.77 mi), as well as 13 new stations.^[1] The Jinju–Suncheon line opened on February 7, 1968, when the whole 325.2 km (202.1 mi) railway line from Samnangjin to Songjeong-ri was renamed the Gyeongjeon Line.^[1] By the mid-2000s, alignment modifications shortened the line length to 300.6 km (186.8 mi).^[1]

Upgrade

The line is being upgraded to an electrified and double-tracked line for 180 km/h in stages, to facilitate regional development.^[4][5] On September 1, 2010, the South Korean government announced a strategic plan to reduce travel times from Seoul to 95% of the country to under 2 hours by 2020. As part of the plan, the entire Gyeongjeon Line is to be further upgraded for 230 km/h.^[6]

Samnangjin-Masan-Jinju

The upgraded section will be 101.4 km long.^[7] The 41 km section until Masan includes a re-alignment with tunnels^[8] closer to Changwon,^[9] the Masan–Jinju section also includes significant re-alignments along the way.^[7][10]

By April 2009, construction progress reached 50.9% of the planned budget of 2,018.782 billion won.^[7] The project is implemented as a public-private partnership: the government contribution is 1,680.473 billion won, private capital contributes 338.309 billion won.^[7] The Samnangjin-Masan section opened on December 15, 2010.^[11] The entire project is foreseen for completion in 2011.^[7]

Connected projects

A new 44.8 km (27.8 mi) long branch from Hallimjeong Station is to improve freight transport connections to Busan's expanded port. The line proper to Busan New Port Station is 38.8 km (24.1 mi) long, followed by 6.0 km (3.7 mi) of port access tracks.^[12] By April 2009, progress was 80.7% out of a total budget of 902.384 billion won.^[13] The line was opened and the first freight train travelled the line on December 13, 2010.^[14]

A planned new direct connection from Busan will meet up with the realigned Gyeongjeon Line at Jillye. The 32.6 km long double track cutoff is expected to be finished by 2017 with a budget of 1,396.15 billion won. The project is to be implemented with private finance, the preferred bidder for the franchise was selected in July 2010.^[15] This line is foreseen for an upgrade to 230 km/h under the government's 2010 plan for 2020.^[6]

Jinju-Suncheon

Work started in 2003 on a 56.1 km long section between Jinju and Gwangyang.^[16] By March 2010, progress was 19% out of a budget of 1,005.984 billion won.^[16] This section includes significant re-alignments with longer tunnels and bridges.^{[17][18][19][20]} The upgrade works also commenced at the junction with the Jeolla Line east of Suncheon.^[21] Electrification is to reach Suncheon by 2014.^[4][5]

Additionally, there are plans for a freight branch from Gwangyang to Gwangyang Port.^[22]

Suncheon-Gwangju·Songjeong

Between Hyocheon and Songjeong-ri, to relieve congestion at road crossings in the city, the Gyeongjeon Line got a new alignment bypassing Gwangju to the south.^[23] The section of the old alignment between Songjeong-ri and Gwangju was upgraded as a 11.9 km (7.4 mi) spur line, again called the Gwangju Line,^[2] while the 10.8 km (6.7 mi) section between Hyocheon and Gwangju, including Namgwangju Station, was torn up.^[23] The realignments opened on August 10, 2000.^[2]

From Boseong, a new cutoff branch is to connect with the Honam Line at Imseong-ri, just before Mokpo.^[24] Construction of the 79.5 km long branch commenced in 2002,^[25] however, work was suspended in the middle of the 2000s for lack of funds.^[5] As of 2010, the project is on hold after having progressed to 5.5% of the 1,297.924 billion won budget.^[25] This branch would include the 5,960 m long Jangdong Tunnel^[26] northeast of Jangheung.^[27]

The rest of the Suncheon-Gwangju section is foreseen for upgrading in a new alignment under the government's 2010 plan for 2020.^[6]

Main stations

In South Gyeongsang:

• Samnangjin Station, Miryang, junction with the Gyeongbu Line
• Changwon Station, Changwon, terminus of the Jinhae Line
• Masan Station, Masan
• Jinju Station, Jinju
• Hadong Station, Hadong County

In South Jeolla:

• Gwangyang Station, Gwangyang, terminus of the planned Gwangyang Port branch
• Suncheon Station, Suncheon, junction with the Jeolla Line
• Beolgyo Station, Boseong County
• Boseong Station, Boseong County, terminus of a planned line to Mokpo
• Gwangju·Songjeong Station, Gwangju, junction with the Honam Line and terminus of the Gwangju Line branch to Gwangju Station

Services

The line is served by passenger and freight trains. As of October 2010, from Bujeon Station in Busan, cross-country Mugunghwa-ho trains travel in a minimum 1 hour 25 minutes to Masan, 2 hour 55 minutes to Jinju, 4 hours 20 minutes to Suncheon, 6 hours 33 minutes to Gwangju·Songjeong, and 7 hours 34 minutes to Mokpo.^[28] Direct intercity Saemaul-ho trains also connect Seoul to Masan in around 5 hours, while the travel time with transfer from KTX high-speed trains at Miryang is as short as 3 hours 15 minutes.^[28]

Gyeongjeon KTX

KTX service from Seoul to Masan started with KTX-II trains on December 15, 2010,^[29] with Seoul–Masan travel times between of 2 hours 54 minutes and 2 hours 59 minutes, depending on the stopping pattern.^[11] The service started with 14 daily trains on weekdays and 24 on weekends (Friday to Sunday),^[11] with standard class Seoul–Masan tickets costing 47,400 won on weekdays and 50,700 won on weekends.^[30] In the first month of service, express bus services between Seoul and Masan or Changwon experienced 30–40% drops in ridership.^[31] Korail added an extra pair of Monday morning trains on from January 17, 2011.^[32]

After leaving the Gyeongbu High Speed Railway, the Gyeongjeon KTX service stops at the following stations:

Station (Hangul, Hanja)	Connecting services	Station distance	Distance from Seoul	Station time	Time from Seoul	Location
		km[30]		min[33]
Dongdaegu (동대구, 東大邱)	Gyeongbu Line Daegu Line Daegu Subway Line 1	-	293.1	-	108–117	Dong-gu, Daegu-gwangyeoksi
Miryang (밀양, 密陽)	Gyeongbu Line	55.3	348.4	32	140–146	Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do
Jinyeong (진영, 進永)	Gyeongjeon Line	25.0	373.4	17	157–159	Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do
Changwonjungang (창원중앙, 昌原中央)	Gyeongjeon Line	14.1	387.5	11	161–170	Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do
Changwon (창원, 昌原)	Gyeongjeon Line Jinhae Line	10.3	397.8	8	172–175	Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do
Masan (마산, 馬山)	Gyeongjeon Line Masanhang Budu Line 1	3.6	401.4	4	170–179	Masan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do
Jinju (진주, 晉州)	Gyeongjeon Line					Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do

The service is to be extended to Jinju by 2012,^[34] and may cover the entire line after further upgrades under the government's 2010 plan for 2020.^[6]

See also

• Korail
• Transportation in South Korea
• List of Korea-related topics

References

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2. "경영원칙 > 경영공시 > 영업현황 > 영업거리현황". Korail. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
3. "여수 율촌역". Sunchonnet.com. Retrieved 2010-12-04.
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15. "부전∼마산 복선전철 민간투자시설사업". Korea Rail Network Authority. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
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22. "광양항철도인입선 설계중". Korea Rail Network Authority. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
23. "안전제일 철도에서 위험천만 돌밭길로?". OhmyNews. 2001-11-24. Retrieved 2010-12-04.
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25. "보성∼임성리 철도건설". Korea Rail Network Authority. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
26. "철도터널 불 나면…탈출시간 최대70분 ‘죽음의 블랙홀’". The Dong-a Ilbo. 2005-06-14. Retrieved 2010-10-25.
27. "개선된 설계 VE 활동을통한 최적 노선선정" (PDF) (in Korean). Yooshin Engineering Corporation. Retrieved 2010-11-04.
28. "Booking". Korail. Retrieved 2010-10-28.
29. "경전선 서울~마산간 KTX 예약ㆍ예매 알림" (in Korean). Korail. 2010-12-06. Retrieved 2010-12-09.
30. "KTX 2010.12.15" (in Korean). Korail. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
31. "경전선 KTX 개통 한달..경남에 '변화의 바람'" (in Korean). The Chosun Ilbo. 2011-01-14. Retrieved 2011-01-18.
32. "월요일 출근을 위한 서울~마산간 KTX 1회 증편 운행" (in Korean). Korail. 2011-01-07. Retrieved 2011-02-18.
33. "KTX Time Table 2011.01.17" (in Korean). Korail. Retrieved 2011-02-18.
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