HERC2

HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2
Rendering based on PDB 2KEO​.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2KEO​, 3KCI​, 4L1M​
Identifiers
Symbols	HERC2 ; D15F37S1; MRT38; SHEP1; jdf2; p528
External IDs	OMIM: 605837 MGI: 103234 HomoloGene: 3430 GeneCards: HERC2 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • ubiquitin-protein transferase activity • guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity • protein binding • zinc ion binding • ligase activity • ubiquitin protein ligase binding • SUMO binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm • cytoplasm • mitochondrial inner membrane • centriole • membrane Biological process • DNA repair • intracellular protein transport • cellular response to DNA damage stimulus • spermatogenesis • protein ubiquitination • protein sumoylation • protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process • positive regulation of GTPase activity • post-translational protein modification • cellular protein metabolic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8924	15204
Ensembl	ENSG00000128731	ENSMUSG00000030451
UniProt	O95714	Q4U2R1
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004667	NM_010418
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004658	NP_034548
Location (UCSC)	Chr 15: 28.11 – 28.32 Mb	Chr 7: 56.05 – 56.23 Mb
PubMed search

The HERC2 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 15 at position 13.

Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HERC2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HERC2 gene.^[1][2]

A mutation in the HERC2 gene adjacent to OCA2, affecting OCA2's expression in the human iris, is found common to nearly all people with blue eyes. It has been hypothesized that all blue eyed humans share a single common ancestor with whom the mutation originated.^[3][4][5]

References

1. Ji Y, Walkowicz MJ, Buiting K, Johnson DK, Tarvin RE, Rinchik EM, Horsthemke B, Stubbs L, Nicholls RD (May 1999). "The ancestral gene for transcribed, low-copy repeats in the Prader-Willi/Angelman region encodes a large protein implicated in protein trafficking, which is deficient in mice with neuromuscular and spermiogenic abnormalities". Hum Mol Genet 8 (3): 533–42. doi:10.1093/hmg/8.3.533. PMID 9949213.
2. "Entrez Gene: HERC2 hect domain and RLD 2".
3. Bryner J (2008-01-31). "Here's what made those brown eyes blue". Health News. MSNBC. Retrieved 2008-11-06.; Bryner J (2008-01-31). "One Common Ancestor Behind Blue Eyes". LiveScience. Imaginova Corp. Retrieved 2008-11-06.; "Blue-eyed humans have a single, common ancestor". News. University of Copenhagen. 2008-01-30. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
4. Eiberg H, Troelsen J, Nielsen M, Mikkelsen A, Mengel-From J, Kjaer KW, Hansen L (March 2008). "Blue eye color in humans may be caused by a perfectly associated founder mutation in a regulatory element located within the HERC2 gene inhibiting OCA2 expression". Human Genetics 123 (2): 177–87. doi:10.1007/s00439-007-0460-x. PMID 18172690.
5. Sturm RA, Duffy DL, Zhao ZZ, Leite FP, Stark MS, Hayward NK, Martin NG, Montgomery GW (February 2008). "A Single SNP in an Evolutionary Conserved Region within Intron 86 of the HERC2 Gene Determines Human Blue-Brown Eye Color". American Journal of Human Genetics 82 (2): 424–31. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.11.005. PMC 2427173. PMID 18252222.

Further reading

• Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Nakajima D, et al. (1997). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro.". DNA Res. 4 (2): 141–50. doi:10.1093/dnares/4.2.141. PMID 9205841.
• Walkowicz M, Ji Y, Ren X, et al. (1999). "Molecular characterization of radiation- and chemically induced mutations associated with neuromuscular tremors, runting, juvenile lethality, and sperm defects in jdf2 mice.". Mamm. Genome 10 (9): 870–8. doi:10.1007/s003359901106. PMID 10441737.
• Ji Y, Rebert NA, Joslin JM, et al. (2000). "Structure of the highly conserved HERC2 gene and of multiple partially duplicated paralogs in human.". Genome Res. 10 (3): 319–29. doi:10.1101/gr.10.3.319. PMC 311424. PMID 10720573.
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, et al. (2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3491–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491. PMC 16267. PMID 10737800.
• Xu XR, Huang J, Xu ZG, et al. (2002). "Insight into hepatocellular carcinogenesis at transcriptome level by comparing gene expression profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma with those of corresponding noncancerous liver.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (26): 15089–94. doi:10.1073/pnas.241522398. PMC 64988. PMID 11752456.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Brandenberger R, Wei H, Zhang S, et al. (2005). "Transcriptome characterization elucidates signaling networks that control human ES cell growth and differentiation.". Nat. Biotechnol. 22 (6): 707–16. doi:10.1038/nbt971. PMID 15146197.
• Fu GK, Wang JT, Yang J, et al. (2005). "Circular rapid amplification of cDNA ends for high-throughput extension cloning of partial genes.". Genomics 84 (1): 205–10. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.01.011. PMID 15203218.
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, et al. (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.". Cell 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry.". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.
• Sulem P, Gudbjartsson DF, Stacey SN, et al. (2007). "Genetic determinants of hair, eye and skin pigmentation in Europeans.". Nat. Genet. 39 (12): 1443–52. doi:10.1038/ng.2007.13. PMID 17952075.