HMS Lance (1914)

QF 4 inch Mk IV gun from HMS Lance that fired the first British shot of World War I.[1]
History
United Kingdom
Name:	HMS Lance
Ordered:	29 March 1912
Builder:	John I. Thornycroft & Company
Laid down:	1 August 1912
Launched:	25 February 1914
Completed:	August 1914
Fate:	Sold and broken up November 1921
General characteristics
Class & type:	Laforey-class destroyer
Displacement:	965-1,300 tons
Length:	269 ft (82 m)
Beam:	26 ft 9 in (8.15 m)
Draught:	9 ft 6 in (2.90 m)
Propulsion:	Water-tube boilers, Parsons steam turbines, 2 shafts, 24,500 shp
Speed:	29 knots (54 km/h)
Complement:	73
Armament:	3 × QF 4-inch (101.6 mm) Mk IV guns, mounting P Mk. IX 1 × QF 2 pdr pom-pom Mk. II 2 × twin tubes for 21 in torpedoes[2]

HMS Lance was a Laforey-class destroyer of the Royal Navy. Launched a few months before the outbreak of the First World War and attached to the Harwich Force, Lance took part in several engagements during the war, including the sinking of the Königin Luise and the Battle off Texel. She was responsible for firing the first British shot of the war.

Construction

HMS Lance was originally to be named Daring but the entire Laforey-class had their names changed to alphabetically homogeneous ones in 1913.^[2] Lance was ordered on 29 March 1912^[3] from John I. Thornycroft & Company and was laid down on 1 August 1912. The ship was launched on 25 February 1914 and completed in August 1914.^[2][4]

Lance had an overall length of 268 feet 10 inches (81.94 m) with a beam of 27 feet 8 inches (8.43 m) and a draught of 10 feet 6 inches (3.20 m).^[2] She was fitted with three QF Mk IV (102 mm) guns, a single QF 2 pdr pom-pom Mk. II, and four torpedo tubes in two twin mounts.^[2]

Service

Following the start of the First World War at 2300 GMT on 4 August 1914, Lance, assigned to the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla of the Harwich Force, took part in a sweep of the North Sea. The next day, Lance and her sister ship Landrail were sent to investigate a report from a trawler of a ship dropping mines. The two destroyers encountered the German minelayer and former excursion steamer Königin Luise deploying mines. Lance fired a shell from one of her 4-inch guns at Königin Luise which was the first British shot of the war. The minelayer at first attempted to flee, but when her captain realised that escape was impossible, he ordered her to be scuttled instead. Lance picked up 28 survivors from the German ship. Lance′s gun is on display at the Imperial War Museum, London.^[1][2][5][6]

On 28 August 1914, along with the rest of the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla, Lance took part in the Battle of Heligoland Bight.^[7] On 17 October 1914 Lance was with her flotilla when it attacked the German Seventh Half Flotilla of torpedo boats off Texel, completely annihilating the German force.^[2][7]

In 1916, Lance transferred to the 9th Destroyer Flotilla, still part of the Harwich force.^[8] On 1 June 1916, the Harwich force sortied to reinforce the Grand Fleet following the Battle of Jutland.^[9] Lance was one of eight destroyers detached to screen the damaged battleship Marlborough, which had been torpedoed during the battle, helping to escort the battleship to the Humber for temporary repair.^[10]

In March 1917, Lance transferred to the Sixth Flotilla as part of the Dover Patrol,^[8] leaving the Flotilla in July that year.^[11] By October 1917, Lance was part of the Fourth Destroyer Flotilla, based at Devonport,^[12] remaining part of this flotilla on 1 December 1918.^[13]

Lance was laid up under Care and Maintenance at the Nore in December 1919,^[8] and was sold for scrap on 5 November 1921.^[14]

Citations

1. Imperial War Museum (2012). "Naval 4 in Semi-automatic QF Mk IV Gun". Imperial War Museum Collections Search. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
2. Gardiner and Gray 1985, p. 76.
3. Friedman 2009, p. 130.
4. Friedman 2009, p. 307.
5. Massie 2007, pp. 77–78.
6. The Naval Review, Volume 5 Issue 1, pp. 132–133.
7. Corbett, Julian S. "HISTORY OF THE GREAT WAR - NAVAL OPERATIONS, Volume 1, to the Battle of the Falklands, December 1914 (Part 1 of 2)". Retrieved 5 September 2014.
8. "NMM, vessel ID 369846" (PDF). Warship Histories, vol ii. National Maritime Museum. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
9. Campbell 1998, p. 311.
10. Campbell 1998, pp. 325–326.
11. Bacon 1918, p. 629.
12. "Supplement to the Monthly Naval List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.". October 1917: 14. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
13. "Supplement to the Monthly Naval List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.". December 1918: 17. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
14. Dittmar and Colledge 1972, p. 63.

References

• Bacon, Reginald (1918). The Dover Patrol 1915–1917 Volume II. London: Hutchinson & Son.
• Campbell, John (1998). Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-750-3.
• "The Destruction of the Königen Louise and the Sinking of the Amphion" (PDF). The Naval Review 5: 132–139.
• Dittmar, F.J.; Colledge, J.J. (1972). British Warships 1914–1919. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allen. ISBN 0-7110-0380-7.
• Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
• Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
• Massie, Robert K. (2007). Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany and the Winning of the Great War at Sea. London: Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-099-52378-9.
• Phoebus (1973). Warships and Sea Battles of World War I. BPC Publishing Ltd. ISBN 0-7026-0004-0.