Ha! (TV channel)

HA!
One of the examples of the various designs of the Ha! logo. Designed by Noel Frankel, Fred/Alan, Inc., New York. (This version illustrated by Lou Brooks).[1]
Launched	April 1, 1990
Closed	April 1, 1991
Owned by	Viacom
Replaced by	Comedy Central

Ha!, owned by Viacom, was one of the first American all-comedy channels available to basic cable subscribers. Launched on April 1, 1990 at 7 p.m. ET,^[2] it competed with another startup comedy-oriented cable channel, HBO-owned The Comedy Channel. In 1991, the two channels merged to form Comedy Central.

Background

MTV Networks had carved out a niche for itself in the cable programming marketplace throughout the 1980s with its flagship networks MTV and Nickelodeon. Up until that point, there had been only one instance of competition among genres in the cable industry, that of Ted Turner launching a rival to MTV, Cable Music Channel, which ended up being short-lived and Viacom using the channel space for an older-skewing counterpart to MTV, VH1. At the same time though, research constantly encouraged management that a channel strictly dedicated to comedy programming would be profitable, motivating MTV to forge ahead with plans for a comedy channel. When HBO announced the launch of The Comedy Channel, MTV Networks retaliated by announcing the debut of its own rival channel, Ha!^[3]

Programming

Unlike The Comedy Channel, which focused on stand-up comedy specials and clips of classic comedy feature films, Ha!'s programming centered largely on acquired off-network situation comedies from the 1950s to the 1970s. Some cable providers, particularly those owned by Viacom or Cablevision, carried the channel under a channel-share agreement in which it would be aired on the same channel space as fellow Viacom-owned cable network VH1; Ha! would air for half of the day, with the channel turning over to VH1 afterward.^[4] Programing included Caesar's Hour, in half-hour segments with Sid Caesar intros, The Steve Allen Show, also edited to a half-hour format with 1990 reflections taped by Allen, You Bet Your Life, The Jack Benny Program, the 1960-67 CBS network prime time version of Candid Camera, The Phil Silvers Show, and Car 54, Where Are You?.

The channel name was culled by MTV Networks from a list of 400 possible suggestions by branding agency Fred/Alan, Inc., New York, who's creative team created the logo, branding, advertising, and was the primary consultant on the on-air promotion.^[5] As with other channels owned by MTV Networks, the logo was designed in an approach that gave it many variations, each with a different illustrative approach.

Towards the end of 1990, with costs on both sides of the competitive equation struggling to meet the limited needs of cable systems' even limited capacity, HBO and Viacom agreed to merge their respective comedy channels. Ha! and Comedy Channel would combine to create CTV: The Comedy Network, which began airing on April 1, 1991;^[6] prior to the merger, both channels each had fewer than 10 million subscribers. Because of confusion and possible legal issues with the Canadian-based CTV network, the name of the network was subsequently changed to Comedy Central.^[7]

References

1. HA! @ The Fred/Alan Archive
2. Jim Sullivan, Globe Staff. "Cable Comedy: No Laughing Matter", The Boston Globe, March 30, 1990. Retrieved March 2, 2011 from HighBeam Research.
3. http://fredalan.org/post/109217473021/positioning-ha
4. Ernest Tucker. "The comedy cable clash // Who will laugh last?", Chicago Sun-Times, April 1, 1990. Retrieved March 2, 2011 from HighBeam Research.
5. HA! @ The Fred/Alan Archive
6. 2 Comedy Channels Will Merge, The New York Times, December 19, 1990.
7. The Naming of Comedy Central @ The Fred/Alan Archive