Hanworth

Hanworth
Tudor House in Castle Way, Hanworth.
Hanworth  Hanworth shown within Greater London
Area	6.89 km^2 (2.66 sq mi)
Population	23,563 (Hanworth, Hanworth Park wards 2011)[1]
– density	3,420/km^2 (8,900/sq mi)
OS grid reference	TQ3682
London borough	Hounslow
Ceremonial county	Greater London
Region	London
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	FELTHAM
Postcode district	TW13
Dialling code	020
Police	Metropolitan
Fire	London
Ambulance	London
EU Parliament	London
UK Parliament	Feltham and Heston
London Assembly	South West
List of places UK England London

Coordinates: 51°25′52″N 0°22′52″W / 51.431°N 0.381°W

Hanworth is an urban and suburban London district on its south-west edge that is contiguous with Feltham, its post town and with Hampton. Historically in Middlesex, it now forms part of the London Borough of Hounslow. The name is thought to come from the Anglo Saxon words "haen/han" and "worth", meaning "small homestead".^[2]

History

During Edward the Confessor’s time, Hanworth was a sparsely populated manor and parish held by Ulf, a "huscarl" of the King. Huscarls were the bodyguards of Scandinavian Kings and were often the only professional soldiers in the Kingdom. The majority of huscarls in the kingdom were killed at Hastings in 1066, and William the Conqueror granted Hanworth to Robert under Roger de Montgomery, the Earl of Arundel and Shrewsbury. After his death, his second son held the land until his death in the Mowbray conspiracy of 1098, after which it passed to his eldest son, Robert de Bellesme, who also rebelled against the Crown in 1102 with the result that the lands were confiscated.

Towards the end of the 14th century, the manor was occupied by Sir Nicholas Brembre, who was Mayor of London in 1377 and 1378. Sir Nicholas was hanged at Tyburn in 1387, having been accused of treason.

In 1512 Hanworth came to the Crown, and Henry VIII, who enjoyed hunting on the heath surrounding the village, gave the manor to Anne Boleyn for life. After her execution, the manor returned to the King who held it until his death in 1547 but passing to Katherine Parr, who lived in the house with her stepdaughter Princess Elizabeth. When the princess became Queen, she stayed at Hanworth Manor several times, often hunting on the heath.

In 1784 General Sir William Roy, the military draughtsman, supervised the Principal Triangulation of Great Britain project. That measured a base line from King's Arbour, across Hounslow Heath passing through Hanworth Park, to Hampton Poor House. This measurement, which earned the General the Copley medal of the Royal Society, was the origin of all subsequent surveys of the United Kingdom, and still forms the basis of the Ordnance Survey maps today.^[2]

In 1797 the manor house was destroyed by fire, leaving only the stable block, which survives today as flats, and the coach house, which was converted into homes. Tudor House was built in 1875 as a replacement for the house that was built in the manor ruins, and is today used as flats.^[2]

By the end of the 19th century, William Whiteley, of Whiteleys in Bayswater, had bought 200 acres (0.81 km²) of farmland that had previously been Butts and Glebe farms. Renamed Hanworth Farms, these supplied all the produce for the store’s food hall having been transported daily by horse and cart. Following Whiteley's murder by his illegitimate son in 1907, his legitimate sons sold the farm to a jam manufacturer who operated there until selling the land for new homes in 1933.^[2]

Manors

The Ambassador to Charles I, negotiating the secret treaty of 1631 with Spain, who had good knowledge of the country, was raised to the peerage as Baron Cottington of Hanworth, referring to his Hanworth Park estate, receiving the honour 'at Greenwich in a very solemn manner.' As the Civil War drew near he declared himself an active Royalist, and after hostilities had broken out he joined the king at Oxford. He was excepted by Parliament from 'indemnity and composition', and spent the remainder of his life abroad, dying in Spain in 1652. His estates were assigned in 1649 to John Bradshaw who had earlier insisted on Charles's execution and were recovered at the English Restoration by his nephew and heir Charles Cottington who sold it in 1670 to Sir Thomas Chamber. Chamber died in 1692 and was succeeded by his son Thomas. Thomas Chamber left two daughters and co-heiresses, and Hanworth passed, through agreement on marriage of the elder, to Vere Beauclerk, who was created Baron Vere, of Hanworth in 1750. The manor was inherited by his son and heir, Aubrey, in 1781, who succeeded his cousin as Duke of St. Albans six years later but who sold it shortly after 1802 to James Ramsey Cuthbert. Frederick John Cuthbert was lord of the manor in 1816 from whom it passed to Henry Perkins. After the death of his heir Algernon Perkins it passed to a firm of solicitors, and the main home was acquired in the early part of the next century by Court of Appeal judge turned politician Ernest Murray Pollock, 1st Viscount Hanworth.

Churches

Saint George's Church

Hanworth's main parish church is dedicated to Saint George. There has been a church on the site, in Castle Way, since at least the fourteenth century; the church was first mentioned in 1293. The first known rector was Adam de Brome, founder of Oriel College, Oxford, in 1309.^[3]

All Saints Church

All Saints Church

In 1935, Hanworth's had a growing population, owing to the presence of a jam factory belonging to Whiteley's. It was decided that a chapel of ease should be set up. It was founded by Bertram Pollock, Bishop of Norwich, and the Rector of Saint George's. Bishop Pollock had been born at Woodlawn, a house in Hanworth, near Hampton Road West, and part of it was used as the chapel.^[4]

After the Second World War, in 1947, it was originally decided that a Nissen hut should be used to house the chapel. However, when the architect Nugent Cachemaille-Day was approached, he decided that a proper church should be built, and a site on the opposite side of Hampton Road West was chosen.^[4]

The Parish of All Saints was split off from Saint George's in 1950, and the foundation stone of the new church was laid on 14 July 1951 by the Bishop of Guildford, Henry Montgomery Campbell, in the presence of Lord Latham, Lord-Lieutenant of Middlesex. The church was finally consecrated on 28 September 1957 by Campbell, who by then was Bishop of London.^[4]

Hanworth Aerodrome

Hanworth Aerodrome was a grass airfield, operational 1917-1919 and 1929-1947. It was in Hanworth Park; that includes the grounds of Hanworth Park House, an 1802 rebuild of Hanworth Palace. In the 1930s, named London Air Park, it was best known as a centre for private flying, society events, the aircraft manufacture by General Aircraft Limited (GAL) 1934-1949, and the visit by the Graf Zeppelin airship in 1932.^[5] Amelia Earhart flew to Hanworth after landing in Ireland at the end of her 1932 crossing of the Atlantic; Walter Sickert recorded Miss Earhart's Arrival in a painting now owned by the Tate Gallery.^[6] There is a public house nearby named "The Airman" in recognition of its close proximity to the aerodrome. Feltham District Council purchased the park in 1956. Feltham Swimming Baths was built on parkland beside the Uxbridge Road in 1965, later refurbished and renamed Feltham Airparcs Leisure Centre.^[7][8] That public sports facility was renamed in 2010 as Hanworth Air Park Leisure Centre & Library^[9]

1970s

The construction of an elevated M3 feeder road (now part of the A316) in the 1970s cut Hanworth in two; in preparation for this, the library was relocated to Mount Corner, so-named for being opposite the Hanworth Park House icehouse mound.^[10] Forge Lane Infants and Junior School was built on the south side of the new road, and the war memorial was relocated.

Sport and leisure

Hanworth has a Non-League football club Hanworth Villa F.C. who play at Rectory Meadow and play in county level leagues.

Hanworth Air Park is the home of Feltham Rugby Football Club, founded 1947.

Staines Rugby Football Club The Reeves play home games and train at a rugby ground in Snakey Lane.

Geography

Soil, watercourses and elevation

Soil in Hanworth varies between gravel close to the surface and a clay-rich loam, with very narrow belts of alluvium closest to the streams. The land is relatively flat and drained by two watercourses heading southward and eastward respectively to meet the Thames in neighbouring historic parishes, the River Crane marking much of the northern border and the Port Lane stream matching approximately the western boundary. Elevations range from 11m to 16m OD.

Neighbouring localities

Transport

The nearest railway stations serving the area are: Feltham railway station, Hampton and Kempton Park. None are within its boundaries.

London bus routes serving Hanworth are: the 111, 285, 290, 490, H25 and R70.

Notable people

• Henry Killigrew (1613-1700), playwright and chaplain to James, Duke of York (the future king), was born in Hanworth.
• Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford (1539-1621) was in 1563 removed to Hanworth from the Tower of London, where he had been imprisoned on account of his marriage with Lady Catherine Grey.^[11]
• The Viscounts Hanworth, particularly the 1st Viscount, a former Court of Appeal judge, who established his family seat at Hanworth Park until his estate parted with it as liable to considerable inheritance tax.
• Bertram Pollock (1863-1943), Bishop of Norwich, was born in Hanworth.

Demography and housing

2011 Census Homes

Ward	Detached	Semi-detached	Terraced	Flats and apartments	Caravans/temporary/mobile homes/houseboats	Shared between households[1]
Hanworth	175	1,347	1,370	1,748	4	7
Hanworth Park	309	1,534	1,146	1,479	8	9

2011 Census Households

Ward	Population	Households	% Owned outright	% Owned with a loan	hectares[1]
Hanworth	12,155	4,651	18	29	325
Hanworth Park	11,408	4,485	25	36	364

See also

London portal Media related to Hanworth, Middlesex at Wikimedia Commons

References

Citations

1. Key Statistics; Quick Statistics: Population Density 2011 census Office for National Statistics
2. Cameron 2002.
3. "St George's Church - History". St George's Church, Hanworth. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
4. Papfield, Wyn (2007). "All Saints Jubilee History". All Saints Church. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
5. Sherwood, P 1999, p. 47.
6. "'Miss Earhart's Arrival', Walter Richard Sickert 1932". Tate. August 2004.
7. Sherwood, T 1999.
8. Feltham Arts Association 1997.
9. "Hanworth Library". London Borough of Hounslow. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
10. "Ice Houses and Ice Wells". Retrieved 21 June 2014.
11. Page, William, ed. (1911). "Spelthorne Hundred: Hanworth". A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 2: General; Ashford, East Bedfont with Hatton, Feltham, Hampton with Hampton Wick, Hanworth, Laleham, Littleton. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 12 December 2011.

Bibliography

• Cameron, Andrea (2002). Feltham, Bedfont and Hanworth. ISBN 1-86077-209-9.
• Hanworth Air Park 1916-1949. Feltham Arts Association. 1997.
• Sherwood, Philip (1999). Heathrow: 2000 Years of History. The History Press. ISBN 978-0750950862.
• Sherwood, Tim (1999). Coming in to Land: A Short History of Hounslow, Hanworth and Heston Aerodromes 1911-1946. Heritage Publications (Hounslow Library). ISBN 1899144307.
• Wright, John E.B.C.; Finnis, John H.B. A Book of Hanworth. Tucann Design & Print. ASIN BX61156571.
• Wright, John E.B.C.; Finnis, John H.B. Hanworth 2. Tucann Design & Print.

External links

• Kenny Farmer's new Hanworth History website Hanworth Now And Then
• St George's Church
• All Saints Church