Harpalinae

Harpalinae
Undetermined Harpalinae species
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Suborder:	Adephaga
Family:	Carabidae
Subfamily:	Harpalinae Bonelli, 1810
Supertribes
Anthiitae Chlaeniitae Ctenodactylitae Dryptitae Harpalitae Lebiitae Pentagonicitae Platynitae Pterostichitae

Harpalinae is a huge subfamily of ground beetles that contains 20,000 species . A rarely used common name for the subfamily is the harp beetles . The Harpalinae contain the most apomorphic ground beetles, displaying a wide range of forms and behaviors. Some are, rare among ground beetles, omnivores or even herbivores.

Many closely related subfamilies have been treated as subordinate taxa of the Harpalinae by various authors. Among these are the Dryptinae, Lebiinae (including Cyclosominae, Mormolycinae, Odacanthinae, Perigoninae), Licininae (including Chlaeniinae, Oodinae), Orthogoniinae, Panagaeinae, Platyninae, Pseudomorphinae, Pterostichinae (including Zabrinae). Here, they are considered independent families within the harpaline (sensu lato) assemblage, and this is also tentatively assumed for the enigmatic monotypic genus Ginema.

Systematics

At least 4 large and several smaller supertribes can be distinguished. The former "Pterostichitae" on the other hand seem to be, as presently delimited, a paraphyletic assemblage, but probably also contains a number of tribes closer to each other than to other Harpalinae. The clade around the type genus Pterostichus is thus recognized as subfamily Pterostichinae here.^[1]

Genera

The Harpalinae include the following genera:^[2]

Harpalus affinis

Acinopus Dejean, 1821 Acupalpus Latreille, 1829 Afromizonus Basilewsky, 1947 Agonidus Casey, 1914 Allendia Noonan, 1974 Allocinopus Broun, 1903 Allosiopelus Ito, 1995 Amblygnathus Dejean, 1829 Amblystomus Erichson, 1837 Amerinus Casey, 1884 Amphasia Newman, 1836 Angionychus Klug, 1853 Anisocnemus Chaudoir, 1843 Anisodactylus Dejean, 1829 Anisostichus Emden, 1953 Anomostomus Laferte-Senectere, 1853 Anthracus Motschulsky, 1850 Athrostictus Bates, 1878 Axinotoma Dejean, 1829 Aztecarpalus Ball, 1970 Barysomus Dejean, 1829 Batoscelis Dejean, 1836 Bleusea Bedel, 1897 Boeomimetes Peringuey, 1896 Bottchrus Jedlicka, 1935 Bradybaenus Dejean, 1829 Bradycellus Erichson, 1837 Bradycidus Casey, 1914 Bronislavia Semenov, 1891 Carenochyrus Solsky, 1874 Carterus Dejean, 1830 Cenogmus Sloane, 1898 Chilotomus Chaudoir, 1842 Chydaeus Chaudoir, 1854 Coleolissus Bates, 1892 Crasodactylus Guerin-Meneville, 1847 Cratacanthus Dejean, 1829 Cratognathus Dejean, 1829 Cratosoma Jeannel, 1948 Criniventer van Emdem, 1953 Cyptomicrus Vinson, 1939 Daptus Fischer von Waldheim, 1823 Diachromus Erichson, 1837 Dicheirotrichus Jacqelin du Val, 1857 (including Trichocellus) Dicheirus Mannerheim, 1843 Dioryche W.S. MacLeay, 1825 Discoderus LeConte, 1853 Ditomus Bonelli, 1810 Dixus Billberg, 1820 Dregus Motscheisky, 1864 Ectinothorax Alluaud, 1941 Egadyla Alluaud, 1916 Eocarterus Stichel, 1923 Eriophonus Tschitscherine, 1901 Eucarterus Reitter, 1900 Euryderus LeConte, 1846 Euthenarus Bates, 1874 Gaioxenus Broun 1910 Geodromus Dejean, 1829

Geopinus LeConte, 1848 Gnathaphanus W.S. MacLeay, 1825 Goniocellus Casey, 1914 Graniger Motschulsky, 1864 Gugheorites Basilewsky, 1951 Gynandromorphus Dejean, 1829 Hakaharpalus Larochelle & Lariviere, 2005 Haplaner Chaudoir, 1878 Haplanister Moore, 1996 Harpalinus Jeannel, 1946 Harpalobrachys Tschitscherine, 1899 Harpalodiodes Bousquet, 2002 Harpalomimetes Schauberger, 1933 Harpalomorphus Peringuey, 1896 Harpalus Latreille, 1802 (including Harpalobrachys) Harpathaumas Basilewsky, 1947 Harponixus Basilewsky, 1950 Hartonymus Casey, 1914 Hemiaulax Bates, 1892 Heteracantha Brulle, 1834 Hippoloetis Laporte, 1835 Hyphaereon W.S. MacLeay, 1825 Hypharpax W.S. McLeay, 1825 Idiomelas Tschitscherine, 1900 Indiophonus N.Ito, 1996 Kaffovatus Clarke, 1972 Kenyacus Alluaud, 1917 Kiwiharpalus Larochelle & Lariviere, 2005 Kupeharpalus Larochelle & Lariviere, 2005 Lecanomerus Chaudoir, 1850 Liochirus Tschitscherine, 1897 Liodaptus Bates, 1889 Lioholus Tschitscherine, 1897 Loxoncus Schmidt-Gobel, 1846 Machozetus Chaudoir, 1850 Maoriharpalus Larochelle & Lariviere, 2005 Meroctenus Gemminger et Harold, 1868 Microderes Faldermann, 1836 Nemaglossa Solier, 1849 Neoaulacoryssus Noonan, 1985 Neodiachipteryx Noonan, 1985 Neohyparpalus Clarke, 1981 Neophygas Noonan, 1976 Nesarpalus Bedel, 1897 Nipponoharpalus Habu, 1973 Nornalupia Kataev, 2002 Nothodaptus Maindron, 1906 Notiobia Perty, 1830 Notospeophonus Moore, 1962 Odontocarus Solier, 1835 Oedesis Motschulsky, 1850 Oesyperus Andrewes, 1923 Omostropus Peringuey, 1896 Ooidius Chaudoir, 1847 Oosoma Nietner, 1857 Ophoniscus Bates, 1892 Ophonus Dejean, 1821 Orthogenium Chaudoir, 1835 Oxycentrus Chaudoir, 1854

Pachycarus Solier, 1835 Pachytrachelus Chaudoir, 1852 Panagrius Andrewes, 1933 Pangus Dejean, 1821 Parabaris Broun, 1881 Paramecus Dejean, 1829 Parasiopelus Basilewsky, 1950 Paregaploa Muller, 1947 Parophonus Ganglbauer, [1891] Paulianoscirtus Basilewsky, 1976 Pelmatellus Bates, 1882 Penthophonus Reitter, 1900 Penthus Chaudoir, 1843 Phanagnathus Basilewsky, 1950 Phobophorus Motschulsky, 1850 Pholeodytes Britton, 1962 Phorticosomus Shaum, 1863 Phyrometus Basilewsky, 1946 Piosoma LeConte, 1848 Platymetopsis Ball et Maddison, 1987 Platymetopus Dejean, 1829 Pogonodaptus Horn, 1881 Polpochila Solier, 1849 Prakasha Andrewes, 1919 Proditomus Schauberger, 1934 Progonochaetus J. Muller, 1938 Pseudanisotarsus Noonan, 1973 Pseudaristus Reitter, 1900 Pseudodiachipteryx Burgeon, 1936 Pseudognathaphanus Schauberger, 1932 Pseudohyparpalus Basilewsky, 1946 Pseudorhysopus Kataev et Wrase, 2001 Pseudoselenophorus Peringuey, 1896 Psychristus Andrewes, 1930 Rhabidius Basilewsky, 1948 Rhysopus Andrewes, 1929 Scybalicus Schaum, 1862 Selenophorus Dejean, 1831 Selenotichnus Kataev, 1999 Siopelus Murray, 1859 Stenolophidius Jeannel, 1948 Stenolophus Dejean, 1821 Stenomorphus Dejean, 1831 Syllectus Bates, 1878 Trachysarus Reed, 1874 Trichopselaphus Chaudoir, 1843 Trichotichnus A.Morawitz, 1863 Trichoxycentrus N. Ito, 2000 Triplosarus Bates, 1874 Tropicoritus Alluaud, 1917 Tschitscherinellus Csiki, 1906 Tuiharpalus Larochelle & Lariviere, 2005 Typsiharpalus Tschitscherine, 1901 Uenanthracus Kasahara, 1994 Veradia Castelnau, 1867 Xenodochus Andrewes, 1941 Xenophonus Muller, 1942 Xestonotus LeConte, 1853

References

• Carabidae of the World Database (CWD) (2008): Trees of family Carabidae. Retrieved 2008-JUL-24.

1. CWD (2008)
2. "Harpalinae Bonelli, 1810". Carabidae of the World. 2012. Retrieved 11 Nov 2012.