Henriques family

Henriques is a Portuguese surname meaning Son of Henrique (Henry). There is not a single Henriques family. In Portugal there were dozens of New Christian families that used that name Henriques singly or in combination with other names such as Henriques de Castro, Cohen Henriques Eanes, Henriques de Souza, Henriques Faro, Mendes Henriques, Gabay Henriques, Lopes Henriques, Gomes Henriques, Henriques da Costa, Henriques da Granada, Henriques Coelho, and many more. Once individuals left Portugal and reverted to Judaism they took more Jewish first names and often inserted names like Cohen and Israel into their family names, hence Cohen Henriques and Israel Henriques.

Nevertheless, the Henriques family that fled Portugal during the Spanish Inquisition in the 17th century are all descended or related to the patriarch of the family, Henriques Dias Milao-Caceres.

Origins

The Henriques family descend from the Jews of Spain, who fled from religious persecution to Portugal in 1492. Under the illusion by the Portuguese authorities that they would be able to practice their religion freely once in Portugal, they were forced to convert to catholism upon arrival. These 'New Christians' continued to strongly relate to their Jewish origins and married amongst each other. Their descendants integrated into society, participating and contributing to the economic activity of Portugal and its Empire. Some were elevated to peerage for their patriotism towards their new country.

History

Henriques Dias Milao-Caceres (1528-1609) was a wealthy businessman from Lisbon, who was arrested by the Spanish Inquisition during the Iberian Union on charges of not having paid taxes, having dealings with the Jews, and for having attempted to flee the country before trial. Most of his family and entourage who had not managed to leave the country on time, had also been arrested and interrogated by the Inquisition. At the age of 82, Henriques Dias Milao-Caceres was sentenced to death, along with his man servant who was believed to have converted to Judaism in secret, and a female member of the family. They were burned at the stake on the 5th of April, 1609. The rest of the family members, whom had had their lives spared, were forced to witness the execution. Those witnesses took on the surname Henriques, in memory of Henriques Dias Milao-Caceres, thus beginning of the Henriques family as we know it today. Those who adopted the surname include Henriques Dias Milao-Caceres' son, Paulo (Moses) de Milao, his daughter Beatriz (married to Alvaro Dinis Yachia Eanes), and his grandson, Reuben Eanes (son of Beatriz).

British branch

The Israel Henriques family included several prominent Sephardic Jewish benefactors of Portuguese descent during the 17th century in Great Britain.

A West-Indian merchant firm called Henriques Brothers existed in the 19th century owned by the Cohen Henriques family.[1]

The Israel Henriques branch of the family migrated to England at the end of the 17c, The middle name Quixano stems from the marriage of Moses Israel Henriques (the son of Jacob Israel Henriques 1719-1758 and Rebecca of David Bravo) and Abigail Quixano Henriques, his second cousin, the daughter of Abraham Quixano Henriques, the son of Isaac, and Rachel Mendes Quixano.[2] The ancestor who first left Portugal was Rafael Henriques, alias Jacob Israel Henriques (c.1631- d Jamaica 1738), the son of Francisco Henriques and Ana Rodrigues of Miranda do Douro in Portugal. Both of Rafaels parents were arrested and tried by the Holy Office of the Inquisition for being secret Jews in 1643, his mother being burned at the stake in Coimbra in the same year. The father was tortured, penanced and released but died soon after in Madrid, leaving nine children. Five of those children fled to Bordeaux, including Rafael where they lived for many years. He moved to Amsterdam in around 1678 and to Jamaica in around 1690.

Members of the family include:

German branch

Notable members of this branch:

Danish branch

The ancestor to the Danish branch was Moses Henriques or Cornelis Janssen, a burgess in Glückstadt in northern Germany, who was the paternal grandfather of the mathematician Moses Josua Henriques (1635-1716). Moses Josua Henriques was married to his cousin, who had given birth to a son in a previous marriage named Moses Aron Nathan Henriques or Mausche Nasche, who died in 1744. He's believed to have moved to Nakskov on the island of Lolland in southern Denmark. Three of his sons and one niece, are believed to have adopted the name Henriques. There are many well known people who belong to the Danish branch of the Henriques family. Some members of the family moved to Sweden.

Notable members of this branch include:

Swedish branch

Merchant Bendix (Pinchas) Moses Henriques (1725-1807), one of Moses Aaron Nathan Henriques sons, became a Danish citizen in 1752 and moved to Copenhagen. However, in 1786 he moved to Marstrand and from there down to Gothenburg in 1794. He became the first chairman of the Gothenburg Jewish community. His daughter Göthilda Magnus (1767-1825) donated funds to the Göthilda School (Göthildaskolan) in Gothenburg. The Warburg family are descended from another daughter of Bendix (Pinchas) Moses Henriques.

Businessman Aaron Moses Henriques (1782-1839) was the nephew of Bendix Moses Henriques. In 1809 he received the honorary title of Burgess in Gothenburg, and became joint owner of a sugar mill in Liseberg, as well as a soap factory in Krokslätt which went bankrupt in 1820. The artist Hugo Henriques (1864-1910) is a grandson of his. The Copenhagen businessman Ruben Moses Henriques (1716-1771) was the half brother of Bendix Moses Henriques. He was the father of merchant Moses Reuben Henriques or Mausche Ber (1757-1823), who from 1787–96 lived in Marstrand, and then returned to Copenhagen. His grandson Meyer Ruben Henriques (1813-1874) was one of the six founders of the Jewish Reformist Association (founded in 1841) in Stockholm. Later in 1846, he became head teacher at the Göthilda School (Göthildaskolan), and between 1851 and 1857 the second preacher in the synagogue, where he worked together with three others and the rabbi on new prayers, the Synagogue and the ceremonial process.

Pontus Herman Henriques (1852-1933) was the son of Meyer Ruben Henriques. One of his daughters was Elin Brandell (1882-1963), who went on to become a famous journalist. His son Emil Henriques (1883-1957) was a lawyer. .Another son was Pontus Ragnar Henriques (1913-1970' the Head of Advertising of Expressen.

Another son of Meyer Ruben Henriques was the businessman Wilhelm Julius Henriques (1853-1931). Wilhelm Julius Henriques was the father of Marten Henriques, a lawyer (1886-1974), and Einar Henriques (born 1889), a salesman. Einar Henriques was the father of Ake Henriques (1918-2013), a mineralogist at KTH.

Literature

Die Odyssee de Henriques-Familie was written about the Henriques family in German by a member of the family, Joseph Ben Brith. It includes extensive research and a detailed family tree.

Notes

  1. ↑ Jacob Henriques. (1811-1898) was a member of the Israel Henriques family. from Jewish Encyclopedia . Also see "David Quixano Henriques" (1804-1870) . Retrieved 20 September 2007.
  2. ↑ Marriage and children of Moses Israel Henriques and Abigail Quixano Henriques.. Their son Abraham Quixano Henriques was father of the philanthropists Jacob and David Henriques. Retrieved 20 September 2007.
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