Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1

PDB rendering based on 1ha1.
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
Identifiers
Symbols HNRNPA1 ; ALS19; ALS20; HNRPA1; HNRPA1L3; IBMPFD3; hnRNP A1; hnRNP-A1
External IDs OMIM: 164017 MGI: 104820 HomoloGene: 134664 GeneCards: HNRNPA1 Gene
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 3178 15382
Ensembl ENSG00000135486 ENSMUSG00000046434
UniProt P09651 P49312
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002136 NM_001039129
RefSeq (protein) NP_002127 NP_001034218
Location (UCSC) Chr 12:
54.28 – 54.29 Mb
Chr 15:
103.24 – 103.24 Mb
PubMed search

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPA1 gene.[1] Mutations in HNRNPA1 are causative of the syndrome multisystem proteinopathy.

Function

This gene belongs to the A/B subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has two repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs. It is one of the most abundant core proteins of hnRNP complexes and it is localized to the nucleoplasm. This protein, along with other hnRNP proteins, is exported from the nucleus, probably bound to mRNA, and is immediately re-imported. Its M9 domain acts as both a nuclear localization and nuclear export signal. The encoded protein is involved in the packaging of pre-mRNA into hnRNP particles, transport of poly A+ mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and may modulate splice site selection. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene but only two transcripts are fully described. These variants have multiple alternative transcription initiation sites and multiple polyA sites.[2]

Interactions

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 has been shown to interact with BAT2,[3] Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1[4] and IκBα.[5]

Role in disease

Mutations in hnRNP A1 are a cause of multisystem proteinopathy multisystem proteinopathy and ALS.

References

  1. Saccone S, Biamonti G, Maugeri S, Bassi MT, Bunone G, Riva S, Della Valle G (Mar 1992). "Assignment of the human heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 gene (HNRPA1) to chromosome 12q13.1 by cDNA competitive in situ hybridization". Genomics 12 (1): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90424-Q. PMID 1733858.
  2. "Entrez Gene: HNRPA1 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1".
  3. Lehner B, Semple JI, Brown SE, Counsell D, Campbell RD, Sanderson CM (Jan 2004). "Analysis of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system and its use to predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHC class III region". Genomics 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0. PMID 14667819.
  4. Chai Q, Zheng L, Zhou M, Turchi JJ, Shen B (Dec 2003). "Interaction and stimulation of human FEN-1 nuclease activities by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 in alpha-segment processing during Okazaki fragment maturation". Biochemistry 42 (51): 15045–52. doi:10.1021/bi035364t. PMID 14690413.
  5. Hay DC, Kemp GD, Dargemont C, Hay RT (May 2001). "Interaction between hnRNPA1 and IkappaBalpha is required for maximal activation of NF-kappaB-dependent transcription". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (10): 3482–90. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.10.3482-3490.2001. PMC 100270. PMID 11313474.

Further reading


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