Hexathele

Hexathele
Female Hexathele hochstetteri
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Mygalomorphae
Family: Hexathelidae
Genus: Hexathele
Ausserer, 1871[1]

Hexathele is a genus of mygalomorph spider in the family Hexathelidae, found only in New Zealand. Most of the species were first described by Raymond R. Forster.[1]

Description

Most species of Hexathele are relatively large spiders. Females of Hexathele waita, one of the largest species, may have a carapace 13 mm (0.5 in) long and an abdomen 15 mm (0.6 in) long, with the longest leg (the fourth) being 38 mm (1.5 in) long in total. Hexethele species are generally brown to black in colour. Many species have a chevron pattern on the upper surface of the abdomen, the pattern being characteristic of the species. The carapace of the cephalothorax has a more or less straight depression (fovea) in the centre. The eyes are arranged in a compact group. The male palp lacks tibial apophyses (projections), but the male's first pair of legs have double spines on the tibia. There are six spinnerets, with the posterior pair being three-segmented and relatively long.[2]

Taxonomy

The genus was erected by Anton Ausserer in 1871, for the species Hexathele hochstetteri. Mygalomorph spiders were initially very broadly categorized; in 1892, Eugène Simon placed Hexathele in the group Hexatheleae, subfamily Diplurinae, family Aviculariidae.[3] Later the subfamily was raised to the family Dipluridae with Hexathelinae as a subfamily – the classification used by Raymond R. Forster when he described many new species.[2] The subfamily was split off as a full family, Hexathelidae, by Robert J. Raven in 1980.[4]

Species

As of April 2016, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:[1]

  • Hexathele cantuaria Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele cavernicola Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele exemplar Parrott, 1960 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele hochstetteri Ausserer, 1871 (type species) – New Zealand
  • Hexathele huka Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele huttoni Hogg, 1908 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele kohua Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele maitaia Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele nigra Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele otira Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele para Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele petriei Goyen, 1887 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele pukea Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele putuna Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele ramsayi Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele rupicola Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele taumara Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele waipa Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele waita Forster, 1968 – New Zealand
  • Hexathele wiltoni Forster, 1968 – New Zealand

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Gen. Hexathele Ausserer, 1871", World Spider Catalog (Natural History Museum Bern), retrieved 2016-04-11
  2. 1 2 Forster, R.R. (1968), "The spiders of New Zealand. Part II. Ctenizidae, Dipluridae", Otago Museum Bulletin (2): 1–72, 126–180
  3. ↑ Simon, E. (1892), Histoire naturelle des araignées I, Paris: Roret
  4. ↑ "Family: Hexathelidae Simon, 1892", World Spider Catalog (Natural History Museum Bern), retrieved 2016-04-10
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