Honoré II, Prince of Monaco

Honoré II
Sovereign of Monaco
Reign	21 November 1604 – 10 January 1662
Predecessor	Hercule as Lord of Monaco
Successor	Louis I as Prince of Monaco
Born	24 December 1597 Monaco
Died	10 January 1662 (aged 64) Monaco
Burial	Saint Nicholas Cathedral
Spouse	Ippolita Trivulzio
Issue	Hercules, Marquis of Baux
House	Grimaldi
Father	Hercule, Lord of Monaco
Mother	Maria Landi

Honoré II (24 December 1597 – 10 January 1662) was Sovereign Prince of Monaco. He was the first to be called Prince, but started his reign as Lord of Monaco.

Early life

Honoré II was born on December 24, 1597. He was the son of Hercule, Lord of Monaco (24 September 1562 – 21 November 1604) and Maria Landi. His father was murdered when he was six, and he succeeded under the regency of his uncle, Frederico Landi, 4th Prince of Val di Taro. Landi was a loyal ally and friend of Spain and allowed the country to be occupied by Spanish troops in 1605. The inhabitants of Monaco were prohibited to carry arms and the Prince and his two sisters were moved to Milan. The Council of Monaco tried to limit Spanish power but the occupation lasted until 1614, and a strong Spanish influence remained until 1633, when it recognized Honoré as a sovereign prince.

Adulthood

From adulthood, Honoré started to criticize Spain and turned to France for support. Louis XIII gave him the support he needed and this resulted in the Treaty of Péronne. This ended Spanish rule and put Monaco under French protection, recognizing and guaranteeing Monegasque sovereignty. As a consequence Honoré lost his Spanish and Italian possessions, but was compensated by King Louis XIII of France with the marquisate Les Baux and the title of Duke of Valentinois.

During his reign he did much to extend, rebuild and transform the Genoese fortress that was the Grimaldi's stronghold into what is today Monaco's Princely Palace.

Marriage and family

On 13 February 1616 he married Ippolita Trivulzio (d. 1638). The couple had one son.

• Ercole Grimaldi, Marquis of Baux (1623 – 2 August 1651); married on 4 July 1641 to Maria Aurelia Spinola (d. 29 September 1670)
  • Louis (25 July 1642 – 3 January 1701)
  • Marie Hippolyte (8 May 1644 – 8 October 1694)
  • Jeanne Marie (b. 4 June 1645)
  • Thérèse Marie (4 September 1648 – 20 July 1723) ancestress of Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina

After Hercules (Ercole) was killed in battle, Louis became Honoré's heir at the age of 9.

Death and legacy

Honoré died on January 10, 1662. He was interred in the Cathedral of St. Nicholas (it stood on the location of the current cathedral) in Monaco.

A collector's silver coin has been issued by the Treasury of Monaco portraying Honoré II on the occasion of the 400th anniversary (1612 - 2012) of the use of the title "Sovereign Prince" the silver coin has a €10 face value.

Ancestors

Ancestors of Honoré II, Prince of Monaco

16. Lamberto Grimaldi, Lord of Monaco               8. Lucien Grimaldi, Lord of Monaco                       17. Claudine Grimaldi, Lady of Monaco               4. Honoré I Grimaldi, Lord of Monaco                             18. Tanneguy de Pontevès, Lord of Cabanes               9. Jeanne de Pontevès-Cabanes                       19. Jeanne de Villeneuve               2. Hercule Grimaldi, Lord of Monaco                                   20. Giorgio Grimaldi               10. Giovanni Battista Grimaldi, Lord of Montaudion                       21. Isabella Fieschi               5. Isabella Grimaldi                             22. Agostino Pallavicini, Doge of Genoa               11. Maddalena Pallavicini                       23. Eugenia Oliva Grimaldi               1. Honoré II, Prince of Monaco                                         24. Marcantonio Landi, 1st Prince of Val di Taro               12. Agostino Landi, 2nd Prince of Val di Taro                       25. Costanza Fregoso               6. Claudio Landi, 3rd Prince of Val di Taro                             26. Manfredo Landi, Count of Compiano               13. Giulia Landi, Countess of Compiano                       27. Caterina Visconti Borromeo               3. Maria Landi                                   28. Diego Fernández de Córdoba y Hurtado de Mendoza, 1st Lord of Valenzuela               14. Álvaro Fernández de Córdoba y Zúñiga, 2nd Lord of Valenzuela                       29. Francisca de Zúñiga y de la Cerda               7. Juana Fernández de Córdoba y Milá de Aragón                             30. Nuño Manuel, Lord of Salvaterra de Magos               15. María Manuel y Milá de Aragón, Lady-in-waiting to Empress Isabella                       31. Leonor Milá de Aragón