Hop-tu-Naa
Hop-tu-Naa is a Celtic festival celebrated in the Isle of Man on 31 October. Predating Halloween, it is the celebration of the original New Year's Eve (Oie Houney).
Etymology
Historically Hop-tu-Naa has been considered to be the Celtic New Year, marking the end of the summer and the beginning of winter. It was a time when farmers would celebrate a safely gathered harvest and all preparations completed for the long winter ahead.
The etymology of 'Hop-tu-naa' is uncertain, some sources speculating that it comes from Manx Gaelic Shogh ta'n Oie, meaning "this is the night",[1] though there are a number of origins suggested for the similar Hogmanay, which is the Scottish New Year.
Traditions
Turnip lanterns
For modern Hop-tu-Naa, children dress up and go from house to house with the hope of being given sweets or money, as elsewhere. However, the children carry carved "turnip" lanterns (actually swedes, which are known as turnips or moots by the Manx) rather than pumpkins and sing Hop-tu-naa songs. A proper Hop-tu-Naa lantern will be a hollowed out turnip the size of a man's head, with flickering eyes and jagged mouth illuminated from within by a candle.[2] In older times, children would have also brought the stumps of turnips with them and batter the doors of those who refused to give them any money, in an ancient form of trick or treat. This practice appears to have died out.
Divination
Some of the older customs are similar to those now attached to the January new year. It was a time for prophesying, weather prediction and fortune-telling. Last thing at night, the ashes of a fire were smoothed out on the hearth to receive the imprint of a foot. If, next morning, the track pointed towards the door, someone in the house would die, but if the footprint pointed inward, it indicated a birth.
A cake was made which was called Soddag Valloo or Dumb Cake, because it was made and eaten in silence. Young women and girls all had a hand in baking it on the red embers of the hearth, first helping to mix the ingredients, flour, eggs, eggshells, soot and salt, and kneading the dough. The cake was divided up and eaten in silence and, still without speaking, all who had eaten it went to bed, walking backwards, expecting and hoping to see their future husband in a dream or vision. The future husband was expected to appear in the dream and offer a drink of water.
Another means of divination was to steal a salt herring from a neighbour, roast it over the fire, eat it in silence and retire to bed.
Manx National Heritage sponsors annual events in celebration at various locations.[3] The National Folk Museum at Cregneash hosts an event to teach the tradition Hop-tu-Naa song. Participants can carve turnips which they may take to other Hop-Tu-Naa venues.[4]
Songs
The Hop-tu-Naa Song
| Hop-tu-Naa in Manx | Hop-tu-Naa in English |
|---|---|
| Shoh shenn oie Houiney; Hop-tu-naa | This is old Sauin night; Hop-tu-naa |
| T'an eayst soilshean; Trol-la-laa.[1] | The moon shines bright; Trol-la-laa. |
| Kellagh ny kiarkyn; Hop-tu-naa. | Cock of the hens; Hop-tu-naa |
| Shibber ny gauin; Trol-la-laa. | Supper of the heifer; Trol-la-laa. |
| 'Cre'n gauin marr mayd ? Hop-tu-naa. | Which heifer shall we kill? Hop-tu-naa |
| Yn gauin veg vreac. Trol-la-laa. | The little speckled heifer. Trol-la-laa. |
| Yn chione kerroo, Hop-tu-naa. | The fore-quarter, Hop-tu-naa |
| Ver mayd 'sy phot diu; Trol-la-laa. | We'll put in the pot for you. Trol-la-laa. |
| Yn kerroo veg cooyl, Hop-tu-naa. | The little hind quarter, Hop-tu-naa |
| Cur dooin, cur dooin. Trol-la-laa. | Give to us, give to us. Trol-la-laa. |
| Hayst mee yn anvroie, Hop-tu-naa. | I tasted the broth, Hop-tu-naa |
| Scoald mee my hengey, Trol-la-laa. | I scalded my tongue, Trol-la-laa. |
| Ro'e mee gys y chibber, Hop-tu-naa. | I ran to the well, Hop-tu-naa |
| As diu mee my haie, Trol-la-laa. | And drank my fill; Trol-la-laa. |
| Er my raad thie, Hop-tu-naa. | On my way back, Hop-tu-naa |
| Veeit mee kayt-vuitsh; Trol-la-laa. | I met a witch cat; Trol-la-laa. |
| Va yn chayt-scryssey, Hop-tu-naa. | The cat began to grin, Hop-tu-naa |
| As ren mee roie ersooyl. Trol-la-laa. | And I ran away. Trol-la-laa. |
| Cre'n raad ren oo roie Hop-tu-naa. | Where did you run to? Hop-tu-naa |
| Roie mee gys Albin. Trol-la-laa. | I ran to Scotland. Trol-la-laa. |
| Cred v'ad jannoo ayns shen ? Hop-til-naa | What were they doing there? Hop-til-naa |
| Fuinney bonnagyn as rostey sthalgyn. Trol-la-laa. | Baking bannocks and roasting collops. Trol-la-laa. |
| Hop-tu-naa, Trol-la-laa. | Hop-tu-naa, Trol-la-laa |
(Loayrt)
- My ta shiu goll dy chur red erbee dooin, cur dooin tappee eh,
- Ny vees mayd ersooyl liorish soilshey yn cayst
- Hop-tu-naa, Trol-la-laa.
(Spoken)
- If you are going to give us anything, give it us soon,
- Or we'll be away by the light of the moon.
- Hop-tu-naa, Trol-la-laa.
Modern Hop-tu-Naa songs
Different versions of Hop-tu-naa songs were sung in different areas of the island.
"Jinnie the Witch" is a modern Manx English song,[1] which was sung around the Douglas area.
According to an article in the Manx Independent newspaper in October 2007, Jinny's real name was Joney Lowney. She lived in Braddan and was tried at Bishop's Court for witchcraft in 1715 and 1716. Her greatest "crime" was stopping the Ballaughton Corn Mill. She was sentenced to 14 days' imprisonment, fined £3 and made to stand at the four market crosses dressed in sackcloth.
A different account traces is to a children’s ball throwing rhyme from Gloucester, England, which was imported to the Island.[6]
The modern song goes as follows :
- Hop-tu-Naa
- My mother's gone away
- And she won't be back until the morning
- Jinnie the Witch flew over the house
- To fetch the stick to lather the mouse
- Hop-tu-Naa
- My mother's gone away
- And she won't be back until the morning
- Hop-tu-Naa, Traa-la-laa[6]
In the West of the Island a longer version was sung, which is more closely related to the Manx version.
The following version dates from the 1930s – a similar version is recorded in A.W. Moore's "A Vocabulary of the Anglo-Manx Dialect" (1924) :
- Hop-tu-naa! put in the pot
- Hop-tu-naa! put in the pan
- Hop-tu-naa! I burnt me throt (throat)
- Hop-tu-naa! guess where I ran ?
- Hop-tu-naa! I ran to the well
- Hop-tu-naa! and drank my fill
- Hop-tu-naa! and on the way back
- Hop-tu-naa! I met a witch cat
- Hop-tu-naa! the cat began to grin
- Hop-tu-naa! and I began to run
- Hop-tu-naa! I ran to Ronague
- Hop-tu-naa! guess what I saw there ?
- Hop-tu-naa! I saw an old woman
- Hop-tu-naa! baking bonnags
- Hop-tu-naa! roasting sconnags
- Hop-tu-naa! I asked her for a bit
- Hop-tu-naa! she gave me a bit
- as big as me big toe
- Hop-tu-naa! she dipped it in milk
- Hop-tu-naa! she wrapped it in silk
- Hop-tu-naa! Traa la lay!
- If you're going to give us anything, give it to us soon
- before we run away with the light of the moon !
The 1970s Southern version from Castletown includes the mention of the Witches Mill and the former house of Parliament
- This is auld hollantide night, the moon shines clear and bright
- Hop-tu-naa, traa-la-laa
- Jinnie the witch jumped over the college to fetch the stick to stir the porridge
- Hop-tu-naa, traa-la-laa
- Castletown square is mighty bare, there isn't a statue that should have been there
- Hop-tu-naa, traa-la-laa
- The castle is grey, and Parliament gone, the harbour is quiet no smugglers run
- Hop-tu-naa, traa-la-laa
- when lights were turned out and no sweets were given, there was a further chorus:-
- This is old hollantide night, the moon is shining bright
- if you're going to bring us money
- You better bring it quick
- as we may start to sing again, and your neighbours will think you're thick
- Hop-tu-naa, traa-la-laa
- Jinnie the witch is over the mill if you don't give us something quick
- she will come and get you.
See also
References
- 1 2 3 "Hop-tu-naa time", BBC-Ellan Vannin, 4 April 2008
- ↑ "What's the difference between Hop-tu-Naa and Halloween?", BBC-Ellan Vannin, 24 October 2011
- ↑ Kneale, Dave. "Hop-tu-Naa: the iomtoday events guide", IOMToday, 25 October 2014
- ↑ Manx National Heritage. "Hop Tu Naa Celebrations at Cregneash", Isle of Man News, 26 October 2010
- ↑ A.W. Moore, 1896, Manx Ballads
- 1 2 Caine, Valerie. "Hop tu Naa - Who Was Jinny the Witch?", North American Manx Association, October 31, 2014
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